Retinal Image Analysis: A Review

2012 ◽  
pp. 265-269
Author(s):  
S. R. Nirmala ◽  
Malaya Kumar Nath ◽  
Samarendra Dandapat
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Retinal Image ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Hypertensive Retinopathy ◽  
Human Errors ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Relationship

Images of the eye ground or retina not only provide an insight to important parts of the visual system but also reflect the general state of health of the entire human body. Automated retina image analysis is becoming an important screening tool for early detection of certain risks and diseases like diabetic retinopathy, hypertensive retinopathy, age related macular degeneration, glaucoma etc. This can in turn be used to reduce human errors or to provide services to remote areas. In this review paper, we discuss some of the current techniques used to automatically detect the important clinical features of retinal image, such as the blood vessels, optic disc and macula. The quantitative analysis and measurements of these features can be used to better understand the relationship between various diseases and the retinal features.

scholarly journals Progress on retinal image analysis for age related macular degeneration

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 20-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yogesan Kanagasingam ◽  
Alauddin Bhuiyan ◽  
Michael D. Abràmoff ◽  
R. Theodore Smith ◽  
Leonard Goldschmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Retinal Image ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Retinal Image Analysis ◽  
Age Related

scholarly journals Automated Retinal Image Analysis for Evaluation of Focal Hyperpigmentary Changes in Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Schmitz-Valckenberg ◽  
Arno P. Göbel ◽  
Stefan C. Saur ◽  
Julia S. Steinberg ◽  
Sarah Thiele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Retinal Image ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Retinal Image Analysis ◽  
Age Related

scholarly journals Lutein and zeaxanthin intake and the risk of age-related macular degeneration: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Ma ◽  
Hong-Liang Dou ◽  
Yi-Qun Wu ◽  
Yang-Mu Huang ◽  
Yu-Bei Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Search Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Study Quality Assessment

Lutein and zeaxanthin are thought to decrease the incidence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD); however, findings have been inconsistent. We conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between dietary intake of lutein and zeaxanthin and AMD risk. Relevant studies were identified by searching five databases up to April 2010. Reference lists of articles were retrieved, and experts were contacted. Literature search, data extraction and study quality assessment were performed independently by two reviewers and results were pooled quantitatively using meta-analysis methods. The potential sources of heterogeneity and publication bias were also estimated. The search yielded six longitudinal cohort studies. The pooled relative risk (RR) for early AMD, comparing the highest with the lowest category of lutein and zeaxanthin intake, was 0·96 (95 % CI 0·78, 1·17). Dietary intake of these carotenoids was significantly related with a reduction in risk of late AMD (RR 0·74; 95 % CI 0·57, 0·97); and a statistically significant inverse association was observed between lutein and zeaxanthin intake and neovascular AMD risk (RR 0·68; 95 % CI 0·51, 0·92). The results were essentially consistent among subgroups stratified by participant characteristics. The findings of the present meta-analysis indicate that dietary lutein and zeaxanthin is not significantly associated with a reduced risk of early AMD, whereas an increase in the intake of these carotenoids may be protective against late AMD. However, additional studies are needed to confirm these relationships.

scholarly journals Associations of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes with ophthalmic diseases in a population sample over 55 years old

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 2886
Author(s):  
A. O. Direev ◽  
I. V. Munts ◽  
E. S. Mazurenko ◽  
M. Yu. Shapkina ◽  
A. N. Ryabikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Carotid Atherosclerosis ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Hypertensive Retinopathy ◽  
Multivariate Models ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Ophthalmic Diseases

Aim. To study associations of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes (T2D) with ophthalmic diseases in a population sample of men and women from middle to old age (Novosibirsk).Material and methods. The population cohort was initially studied in 2003-2005 (n=9360, 45-69 years old, Novosibirsk, the Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial factors in Eastern Europe (HAPIEE) project). At the second survey (2015-2017) in a random subsample (n=1011), the following ophthalmic diseases were identified: hypertensive retinopathy (HR), diabetic retinopathy (DR), cataract, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), optic disc abnormalities, etc.Results. The prevalence of HR signs in persons with and without hypertension (HTN) was 81 and 46%, respectively (p<0,001). This association persisted regardless of other factors (odds ratio, 2,27 (95% confidence interval: 1,78-4,17). The prevalence of AMD, cataract and DR increased in HTN, but associations were largely explained by metabolic factors in multivariate models. People with T2D more often than without T2D had signs of DR (9,3 vs 0,4%, p<0,001), AMD (22 vs 17%, p=0,042) and glaucoma (14 vs 7%, p=0,001). Associations of T2D with DR and glaucoma persisted regardless of other factors. Individuals with carotid atherosclerosis (CA) were 1,6 times more likely to have HR than those without CA when adjusted for sex, age, and smoking (p=0,013).Conclusion. In the surveyed population sample of mainly elderly people, a number of associations between cardiometabolic and common ophthalmic diseases were revealed. The identified comorbidities may have important therapeutic and prophylactic applications in an aging population.

scholarly journals Drusen Characteristics of Type 2 Macular Neovascularization in Age-related Macular Degeneration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Ahmed ◽  
Martin Stattin ◽  
Anna-Maria Haas ◽  
Alexandra Graf ◽  
Katharina Krepler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Retrospective Data Analysis ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Subretinal Drusenoid Deposits ◽  
Medical Retina ◽  
Fellow Eyes

Abstract Background: To assess the relationship between drusen characteristics and type 2 macular neovascularization (MNV) in age-related macular degeneration (AMD)Methods: Retrospective data analysis of eyes previously diagnosed with neovascular AMD in a tertiary eye care center (Medical Retina Unit, Rudolf Foundation Hospital, Vienna, Austria) between June 2008 and December 2017. Drusen subtypes, fibrosis, atrophy and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) of both eyes in patients with type 2 MNV lesions were categorized based on multimodal imaging.Results: Type 2 MNV was diagnosed in 27 (3.2%) of 835 eyes (749 patients). Drusen characteristics in type 2 MNV were observed as followed: drusen < 63 mm in 2 eyes (7.4%), drusen ≥ 63 mm in 10 eyes (37%), subretinal drusenoid deposits (SDD) in 8 eyes (29.6%), cuticular drusen in 2 eye (7.4%) and no drusen were evident in 10 eyes (37%). Drusen distribution in 23 fellow eyes was detected as followed: drusen < 63 mm in 2 eyes (8.7%), drusen ≥ 63 mm in 9 eyes (39.1%), SDD in 5 eyes (21.7%), cuticular drusen in 1 eye (4.3%) and no drusen were evident in 9 eyes (39.1%). Mean SFCT was 140 ± 49 mm in affected eyes and 152 ± 41 mm in the fellow eyes. Patients with drusen or SDD were significantly younger (mean 70.88 ± 6.85, p=0.04) than patients without deposits (mean 77.40 ± 5.74). Conclusions: Type 2 MNV remains a rare entity in AMD. It was frequently seen in the absence ofdrusen, a hallmark of AMD. These findings contribute to the heterogeneity of phenotypes related to pure type 2 lesions.

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