scholarly journals Performance analysis of Dynamic MANET Ondemand (DYMO) Routing protocol

2011 ◽  
pp. 120-128
Author(s):  
Sukant Kishoro Bisoyi ◽  
Sarita Sahu
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Network Topology ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Network Routing ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
The Impact

Routing in a MANET is challenging because of the dynamic topology and the lack of an existing fixed infrastructure. In such a scenario a mobile host can act as both a host and a router forwarding packets for other mobile nodes in the network. Routing protocols used in mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) must adapt to frequent or continual changes of topology, while simultaneously limiting the impact of tracking these changes on wireless resources. The DYMO protocol intended for the use by mobile nodes in wireless multihop ad hoc networks. It can adapt to the changing network topology and determine unicast routes between nodes within the network. This paper presents a comprehensive summarization and a comparative study of the Dynamic MANET On-demand (DYMO) protocol for MANET and simulation analysis of existing protocols DSR and AODV and comparison among them under varying number of nodes. Comparative study shows that DYMO is only a good choice if the nodes are mobile and wireless multihop. We have compared the performance of DSR and AODV with DYMO protocol by taking some performance metrics. Result shows that DYMO simulation provides better performance than DSR when compared in a given network topology with respect to throughput, packet loss, delay, packet delivery ratio, normalized routing load.

ANALYSIS OF THE PERFORMANCE OF REACTIVE ROUTING PROTOCOLS IN VANET BASED ON NS3

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 90-97
Author(s):  
AMANI AHMAD SABBAGH ◽  
◽  
SHCHERBAKOV MAXIM V. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Network Topology ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
The Impact

Since importance of improving of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) always follow modern trends by using new wireless communication technologies, the trend of latest research topics is focusing on Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET). VANET networks play a vital role in ITS due to their increasing importance for the building of ITS. VANET is a subclass of mobile ad-hoc networks (MANET). VANET depends on wireless technologies to establish communication between moving vehicles (nodes). An appropriate and efficient routing protocol helps to successful exchange data between mobility nodes in vehicular ad-hoc networks. VANET has a lot of similar features to MANETs such as finite bandwidth, self-arrangement, self-administration, and unstable network topology. Except it has some important features of its characteristic such as very high node mobility, delay restrictions, and frequent network outages. For this reason, routing in VANET networks is much more complex than routing in MANET networks. The purpose of this study - to evaluate the performance of protocols AODV (Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector) and DSR (Dynamic Source Routing) and their impact on the performance of networks VANET. This paper differs in that it analyses the impact of network size at a large number of nodes, and different vehicle speeds on network performance metrics like packet delivery ratio, throughput, average delay, overhead and packet loss ratio and assessing the level of network performance at realistic mobility scenarios for the movement of vehicles in the street generated by Bonnmotion tool. Also, the simulation is carried out in NS-3 simulator to create VANET network topology and routing protocols.

scholarly journals TARCS: A Topology Change Aware-Based Routing Protocol Choosing Scheme of FANETs

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Hong ◽  
Dehai Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Network Topology ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Point Group ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Routing Scheme ◽  
Hoc Networks

The rapid change of topology is one of the most important factors affecting the performance of the routing protocols of flying ad hoc networks (FANETs). A routing scheme suitable for highly dynamic mobile ad hoc networks is proposed for the rapid change of topology in complex scenarios. In the scheme moving nodes sense changes of the surrounding network topology periodically, and the current mobile scenario is confirmed according to the perceived result. Furthermore, a suitable routing protocol is selected for maintaining network performances at a high level. The concerned performance metrics are packet delivery ratio, network throughput, average end-to-end delay and average jitter. The experiments combine the random waypoint model, the reference point group mobility model and the pursue model to a chain scenario, and simulate the large changes of the network topology. Results show that an appropriate routing scheme can adapt to rapid changes in network topology and effectively improve network performance.

scholarly journals DSDV Extension to Enhance the Performance of Ad Hoc Networks in High Diverse-Velocity Environments

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (06) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Mada’ Abdel Jawad ◽  
Saeed Salah ◽  
Raid Zaghal
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Average Delay ◽  
Congested Networks ◽  
Hoc Networks

<p class="0abstractCxSpFirst">Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANETs) are characterized as decentralized control networks. The mobile nodes route and forward data based on their routing information without the need for routing devices. In this type of networks, nodes move in an unstructured environment where some nodes are still fixed, others are moving in a constant velocity, and others move with diverse velocities; and thus, they need special protocols to keep track of network changes and velocity changes among the nodes. Destination Sequenced Distance-Vector (DSDV) routing protocol is one of the most popular proactive routing protocols for wireless networks. This protocol has a good performance in general, but with high speed nodes and congested networks its performance degrades quickly.</p><p class="0abstractCxSpLast">In this paper we propose an extension to the DSDV (we call it Diverse-Velocity DSDV) to address this problem. The main idea is to modify the protocol to include node speed, determine update intervals and the duration of settling time. To evaluate the performance of the new protocol, we have carried a number of simulation scenarios using the Network Simulator tool (NS-3) and measured relevant parameters such as: packet delivery ratio, throughput, end-to-end delay, and routing overhead. We have compared our results with the original DSDV and some of its new variants. The new protocol has demonstrated a noticeable improvement of performance in all scenarios, and the measured performance metrics outperform the others except the average delay where the performance of the new protocol was modest.</p>

Artificial Intelligence Based Intrusion Detection System to Detect Flooding Attack in VANETs

2018 ◽  
pp. 87-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mannat Jot Singh Aneja ◽  
Tarunpreet Bhatia ◽  
Gaurav Sharma ◽  
Gulshan Shrivastava
Keyword(s):  
Intrusion Detection ◽  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Intrusion Detection System ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Flooding Attack ◽  
Hoc Networks

This chapter describes how Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) are classes of ad hoc networks that provides communication among various vehicles and roadside units. VANETs being decentralized are susceptible to many security attacks. A flooding attack is one of the major security threats to the VANET environment. This chapter proposes a hybrid Intrusion Detection System which improves accuracy and other performance metrics using Artificial Neural Networks as a classification engine and a genetic algorithm as an optimization engine for feature subset selection. These performance metrics have been calculated in two scenarios, namely misuse and anomaly. Various performance metrics are calculated and compared with other researchers' work. The results obtained indicate a high accuracy and precision and negligible false alarm rate. These performance metrics are used to evaluate the intrusion system and compare with other existing algorithms. The classifier works well for multiple malicious nodes. Apart from machine learning techniques, the effect of the network parameters like throughput and packet delivery ratio is observed.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF BLACK HOLE ATTACK DURING ROUTE DISCOVERY PHASE OF AODV IN MANET

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Lalit Tripathi ◽  
Kanojia Sindhuben
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Route Discovery ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Black Hole Attack ◽  
Discovery Phase ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Result Analysis ◽  
The Impact

MANET (Mobile ad hoc networks) is a collection of wireless mobile nodes dynamically forming an infrastructure less network. Several routing protocols are designed for routing of packets in MANET. One of them is AODV (Ad hoc on demand Distance Vector) protocol whose performance is better for higher mobile nodes. It is more vulnerable to black hole attack by the malicious node. Black hole attack is a network layer attack in MANET that tries to hamper the routing process. During route discovery phase it sends false reply to the nodes and dropped data packets. In this paper, first we have implemented black hole attack in AODV and then analyzed the impact of black hole attack under deferent metrics like throughput, packet delivery ratio and packet loss. Simulator NS-2.35 is used for implementation and result analysis.

Trust Management in Ad Hoc Networks

2010 ◽  
pp. 224-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Timóteo de Sousa Júnior ◽  
Ricardo Staciarini Puttini
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Network Topology ◽  
Trust Management ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Security Requirements ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Distributed Collaboration ◽  
Ad Hoc Routing ◽  
Network Nodes ◽  
Hoc Networks

Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are wireless networks whose mobile nodes exchange information without the help of a predefined network infrastructure. MANET services, such as auto-configuration and ad hoc routing, must be provided in a distributed and self-organizing manner, by collaboration between network nodes and requiring each participant to both provide its own resources and exploit others’ resources. As the nodes may, continually and at any time, appear, disappear or move around within the network, the structure of a MANET is constructed dynamically and the network topology is subject to frequent and unforeseeable changes. In this situation traditional security solutions are insufficient to exhaustively address all security requirements. The distinctive characteristics of ad hoc networks imply the need for distributed collaboration solutions that are based on some form of trust. In this chapter, the authors survey the modes of utilization of trust as means for providing, with network security mechanisms or as an alternative to them, the necessary services in MANETs.

The impact of network topology on delay bound in wireless Ad Hoc networks

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ghiasian ◽  
Hossein Saidi ◽  
Behnaz Omoomi ◽  
Soodeh Amiri
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Wireless Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Network Topology ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Delay Bound ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Optimized Adaptive Back off Algorithm for Static and Mobile Wireless Ad hoc Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 998-1002
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Wireless Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Medium Access ◽  
Mobile Wireless ◽  
Backoff Algorithm ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Packet Drop

In wireless ad hoc networks with stationary and portable nodules situation, planning a backoff procedure is decisive to evade impact and to increase the act of nodules. Majority of the Medium Access Control (MAC) etiquettes intended for ad hoc networks take up stationary nodules situation. In this paper, an Optimized Adaptive Backoff Algorithm (OABA) is proposed for static and mobile wireless ad hoc networks. In this algorithm, during the back off stage, the type of node is determined as static or mobile. For mobile nodes, their residence time is determined in addition to their priority. Then optimized adaptive backoff algorithm is applied, by checking the type of node. Simulation results have shown that OABA achieves higher delivery ratio with minimized delay, packet drop and energy consumption.

scholarly journals Deterministic Directed Flooding Scheme (D2FS) for Inter-Cluster Flooding in Mobile Adhoc Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6S2) ◽  
pp. 1051-1057
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Communication Overhead ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Data Traffic ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Forwarding Set

Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANET) comprises a collection of numerous mobile nodes that communicates with one other with no dependence on any predefined infrastructure in the network. The characteristics of MANET such as independent, wireless, and self-configuration of MANETs allows the suitability of various application scenarios. Cluster based Flooding is an important issue in the design of MANET where it is an order to manage data traffic as it utilizes a set of chosen nodes to transmit data between two nodes. MANET networks frequently structured with mobile devices for enabling data transmission. An essential process of selecting forwarding set in the inter-cluster flooding. The routing protocol employ in the network often defines the energy efficiency and network performance in ad hoc networks. This paper presents a new deterministic directed flooding scheme (D2FS) for effectively choose the forwarding set for effective inter-cluster flooding. In addition, a Cluster Based Flooding utilizing Fuzzy Logic Scheme (CBF2S) to effectively transmit data is also presented. The devised D2FS model is tested using NS2 tool with respect to the existence of diverse hop counts. An extensive experimentation takes place to prove the superiority of the D2FS with respect to overhead, communication overhead, traffic load, packet delivery ratio and end to end delay.

scholarly journals Location-Aware Distributed Clustering with Eliminating GPS in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samane Beheshti ◽  
Sahar Adabi ◽  
Ali Rezaee
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
The Road ◽  
Location Aware ◽  
Hoc Networks

Vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) is a type of mobile network which is used for establishing connection between vehicles (M2M) and also between vehicles and nearby stationary equipment which are often road-side equipment. The main target of VANET is to provide security and convenience for the passengers. In order to achieve this goal, a special electronic device called OBU (On-Board Unit) is embedded in each vehicle which makes the connection between vehicles and between the vehicles and the road-side equipment possible. In this paper, the Location-Aware Clustering in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (LAC-VANET) is proposed. We try to achieve the main and major goal in VANET networks, i.e. fast propagation of security and urgent messages in ITS systems, using clustering and selecting the best cluster head based on Fuzzy logic such that the cluster head can transfer important information such as the obstacles and accidents detected on the road with a suitable speed and without creating a large traffic load in the vehicle network in order to notify other vehicles and prevent the danger and vehicle accidents. Moreover, LAC-VANET method is evaluated here via extensive simulations carried out in NS-2. The simulation results indicate that the VANET network performance metrics are improved in terms of average throughput, Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), end to end delay, and packet loss rate.

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