Penile implantation and risky sexual behaviour among male clients of female sex workers, Myanmar

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Sun Tun ◽  
Tin Aung ◽  
May Sudhinaraset ◽  
Zaw Win ◽  
Willi McFarland
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sex Work ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Male Clients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Condom Breakage

Introduction: Male clients of female sex workers are at risk for sexually transmitted infections worldwide, yet their behaviours are seldom described in community-based samples. In addition, physical modifications to the penis, such as injections and implantations of objects to enhance sensation, have been noted in diverse cultures. The objective of the present study was to examine risk behaviours of male clients of female sex workers in Myanmar and assess associations between penile modifications and risk for sexually transmitted infections. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2010 in seven cities of Myanmar. The design used probability proportionate to size sampling of male clients at sex work venues (e.g., brothels, entertainment centres, streets) to approximate a representative sample. Results: Of 2,945 male clients at sex work venues, 2,740 (93.0%) enrolled. Overall, 9.9% reported penile injections and 10.7% reported implantations. Compared to male clients without penile modifications, those with penile injection or implantation had higher numbers of partners and more episodes of unprotected sex with casual and commercialpartners. Condom breakage and history of sexually transmitted disease symptoms were also higher among male clients with penile modifications. Conclusions: Modifications of the penis mark a constellation of risky behaviours among male clients of female sex workers in Myanmar and may also be causally related to sexually transmitted infections through condom breakage or physical effects on the penis. Health education and counselling on the potential increased risk should be considered for men with penile modifications.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Uptake of Sexually Transmitted Infections Screening Among Adolescent Female Sex Workers in Mukono District

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Nakkazi ◽  
Miisa Nanyingi
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sex Work ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Adolescent Female ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Mukono District

Abstract BackgroundWorldwide, more than 1 million Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) are acquired every day and female adolescents aged 10 to 19 years are almost twice more susceptible to STIs than boys of the same age. The highest STI prevalence has been reported among key populations such as Female Sex Workers (FSWs) and fisher folk. This study investigated the factors influencing uptake of sexually transmitted infections screening among Adolescent Female sex Workers (AFSWs) in Mukono district, Uganda.MethodsIn this cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study, a total of 355 AFSWs based on the streets, bars, lodges, hotels, brothels, landing sites and other entertainment places in Mukono district were recruited using snowball sampling. Data was collected using pre-tested semi-structured questionnaires through face to face interviews with the help of trained research assistants. Data collected was entered into Epi-Data and then exported to SPSS for analysis. Analysis was done at three levels; Univariate for descriptive summary, Bivariate to test for possible association between each independent variable and the outcome variable, and Multivariate logistic regression to control for possible confounding effects of the independent variables. Chi square (χ2) test was done and p value 0.05 used to determine the association.ResultsThis study found that uptake of STIs screening among AFSWs was 32.1%. AFSWs who reported that STI screening wasn’t embarrassing were 3 times more likely to take-up STI screening than those who said uptake of STI screening was embarrassing (PR = 3.45, 95%CI = 1.96–6.09, P = < 0.001). AFSWs who reported that STI screening wasn’t painful were 5 times more likely to take-up STI screening than those who said uptake of STI screening was painful (PR = 5.45, 95%CI = 2.78–10.66, P = < 0.001).ConclusionSTIs screening rate among AFSWs in Mukono district was at 32.1%. Individual factors (attitude) and health facility factors were found to be the real influencers of uptake of STI screening among AFSWs in Mukono district. We, therefore, recommend that government scales up provision of sexually transmitted infection screening to even cater for high risk and vulnerable groups to facilitate and increase access to STI screening.Plain English summarySexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) refer to conditions caused by pathogens that can be acquired and transmitted through unprotected sexual intercourse such as cervical cancer, candida, HIV. Because majority of STIs are asymptomatic, screening uptake is of paramount importance for early detection followed by prompt treatment among high risk vulnerable groups such as Adolescent Female Sex Workers (AFSWs).Adolescence is a transitional phase of growth and development between childhood and adulthood and an adolescent is any person between ages 10 and 19. Sex work is the exchange of money, goods or services for sex and he who practices sex work is a sex worker. Quite a number of reasons such as age, peer pressure and others may explain why adolescents engage in immoral behaviors including sex work. In this STI screening uptake study, pre-tested semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect data from respondents on what was influencing their uptake of STI screening. Of the 355 respondents, majority 241 had never screened for STIs and 114 had screened. The research priorities identified were individual factors (attitude) and health facility factors as real influencers of uptake of STI screening among AFSWs in Mukono district.In conclusion, AFSWs require information related to STIs and its screening. Information dissemination can be intensified at clinical and non-clinical sites to increase awareness and improve accessibility to STI screening experience among high risk vulnerable groups in Mukono district, hence reduce the prevalence among AFSWs, avert the risk of complications and eliminate sustained transmission in the community.

Risk behaviours and prevalences of HIV and sexually transmitted infections among female sex workers in various venues in Changzhou, China

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 1135-1142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanli Guo ◽  
Xiaoguo Xu ◽  
Gengfeng Fu ◽  
Xiping Huan ◽  
Ning Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Heterosexual Transmission ◽  
Consistent Condom ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Increased Risk

Female sex workers (FSWs) play an important role in the heterosexual transmission of HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in China. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 609 FSWs from various venues in Changzhou to investigate risk behaviours and prevalences of HIV and STIs among FSW subgroups. Structured questionnaires were used in face-to-face interviews to collect information. Blood and cervical specimens were collected to test for HIV, syphilis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infections. The overall prevalences of syphilis, NG and CT were 5.6, 2.3 and 17.0%, respectively. The highest prevalence of syphilis (13.8%, P < 0.001) was observed among FSWs in low-class (LC) venues. No case of HIV infection was found. Less than half of all FSWs (40.7%) reported consistent condom use with clients during the last month. A multivariate analysis revealed a 13-fold increased risk for FSWs with NG infection to be infected with syphilis and a four-fold increased risk for FSWs aged 30–39 years to have a CT infection relative to FSWs aged 15–20 years. The prevalences of STIs were high, and risky sexual behaviours were common, especially among FSWs in LC venues. More tailored and comprehensive prevention programmes should be developed for specific FSW subgroups.

scholarly journals Correlates of HIV, sexually transmitted infections, and associated high-risk behaviors among male clients of female sex workers in Tijuana, Mexico

AIDS ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (13) ◽  
pp. 1765-1771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas L Patterson ◽  
Shira Goldenberg ◽  
Manuel Gallardo ◽  
Remedios Lozada ◽  
Shirley J Semple ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
High Risk Behaviors ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Male Clients

Early sex work initiation and its association with condomless sex and sexually transmitted infections among female sex workers in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 671-679
Author(s):  
Mehrdad Khezri ◽  
Mostafa Shokoohi ◽  
Ali Mirzazadeh ◽  
Mohammad Karamouzian ◽  
Hamid Sharifi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Condom Use ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sex Work ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Sexual Debut ◽  
Inconsistent Condom ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Condomless Sex ◽  
Female Sex

Early sex work initiation among female sex workers (FSWs) increases their vulnerabilities to high-risk sexual practices and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). We examined the association of early sex work with condomless sex indicators, HIV, and other STIs, including human papillomavirus, chlamydia, trichomoniasis, syphilis, and gonorrhea, among FSWs in Iran. We recruited 1347 FSWs from 13 cities in 2015, with 1296 participants (94.2%) reporting information about their age of sex work initiation. Early sex work was defined as the initiation of selling sex before 18 years of age. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reported using multivariable logistic regression. Overall, 10.1% of FSWs reported early sex work initiation. FSWs who initiated sex work earlier were more likely to report last-month inconsistent condom use (aOR = 3.31, 95% CI: 1.82, 6.02) and condomless sex with last client (aOR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.15, 2.56). There was no statistically significant association between early sex work and HIV (aOR = 1.40, 95% CI: 0.43, 4.53) and any other STIs (aOR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.69, 1.48), except for chlamydia (aOR = 2.09, 95% CI: 1.08, 4.04). These findings suggest that FSWs with early sexual debut would benefit from differentiated interventions including screening for STIs and enhanced counseling for condom use.

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