scholarly journals TAFILELT KSAR: BETWEEN TRADITION AND MODERNITY, AN EXPERIMENT OF ENERGY ENHANCEMENT HOUSING IN ALGERIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Benkechkache Imane
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Return Time ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Social Environmental

Energy is one of the common determinant factors related to social, environmental and economic problems, which can also contribute to their solution. Among sectors where studies could be done to reduce energy demand, is building. This latter is the largest primary energy consumer and responsible for more than 40% of total CO2 emissions. Therefore, improving energy efficiency in buildings represents an economic and ecological challenge. The built environment quality, with good insulation and high-performance building materials, constitutes the first step towards this aim. Yet, this is not enough to make buildings low energy consumption. But then again, a starting point for which, it is necessary to manage how it should be occupied and exploited. Improving energy efficiency of buildings involves several steps through which, coherent actions, will enable energy savings acting on different human and material parameters. The conceptual approach for improving energy efficiency is identical for residential and tertiary sectors. However, in practice this is different due to divergences related to: technical aspects; used tools; operating and maintenance costs and return time of investment. The purpose of this research is to investigate an example of Energy Enhancement housing in Tafilelt ksar in the M’zab valley in Algeria (an example of ecologic planning with modern habitat perfectly adapted to environment), with the objective of creating adaptable housing according to changing needs of future generations.

scholarly journals Energy and Economic Assessment of Energy Efficiency Options for Energy Districts: Case Studies in Italy and Egypt

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1012
Author(s):  
Francesco Calise ◽  
Francesco L. Cappiello ◽  
Maria Vicidomini ◽  
Jian Song ◽  
Antonio M. Pantaleo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
District Heating System

In this research, a technoeconomic comparison of energy efficiency options for energy districts located in different climatic areas (Naples, Italy and Fayoum, Egypt) is presented. A dynamic simulation model based on TRNSYS is developed to evaluate the different energy efficiency options, which includes different buildings of conceived districts. The TRNSYS model is integrated with the plug-in Google SketchUp TRNSYS3d to estimate the thermal load of the buildings and the temporal variation. The model considers the unsteady state energy balance and includes all the features of the building’s envelope. For the considered climatic zones and for the different energy efficiency measures, primary energy savings, pay back periods and reduced CO2 emissions are evaluated. The proposed energy efficiency options include a district heating system for hot water supply, air-to-air conventional heat pumps for both cooling and space heating of the buildings and the integration of photovoltaic and solar thermal systems. The energy actions are compared to baseline scenarios, where the hot water and space heating demand is satisfied by conventional natural gas boilers, the cooling demand is met by conventional air-to-air vapor compression heat pumps and the electric energy demand is satisfied by the power grid. The simulation results provide valuable guidance for selecting the optimal designs and system configurations, as well as suggest guidelines to policymakers to define decarbonization targets in different scenarios. The scenario of Fayoum offers a savings of 67% in primary energy, but the associated payback period extends to 23 years due to the lower cost of energy in comparison to Naples.

scholarly journals A Hybrid Simulation Model to Predict the Cooling Energy Consumption for Residential Housing in Hong Kong

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4850
Author(s):  
Kwok Wai Mui ◽  
Ling Tim Wong ◽  
Manoj Kumar Satheesan ◽  
Anjana Balachandran
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Hybrid Simulation ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Building Energy Efficiency

In Hong Kong, buildings consume 90% of the electricity generated and over 60% of the city’s carbon emissions are attributable to generating power for buildings. In 2018, Hong Kong residential sector consumed 41,965 TJ (26%) of total electricity generated, with private housing accounting for 52% and public housing taking in 26%, making them the two major contributors of greenhouse gas emissions. Furthermore, air conditioning was the major source consuming 38% of the electricity generated for the residential building segment. Strategizing building energy efficiency measures to reduce the cooling energy consumption of the residential building sector can thus have far-reaching benefits. This study proposes a hybrid simulation strategy that integrates artificial intelligence techniques with a building energy simulation tool (EnergyPlus™) to predict the annual cooling energy consumption of residential buildings in Hong Kong. The proposed method predicts long-term thermal energy demand (annual cooling energy consumption) based on short-term (hourly) simulated data. The hybrid simulation model can analyze the impacts of building materials, construction solutions, and indoor–outdoor temperature variations on the cooling energy consumed in apartments. The results indicate that using low thermal conductivity building materials for windows and external walls can reduce the annual cooling energy consumption by 8.19%, and decreasing the window-to-wall ratio from 80% to 40% can give annual cooling energy savings of up to 18%. Moreover, significant net annual cooling energy savings of 13.65% can be achieved by changing the indoor set-point temperature from 24 °C to 26 °C. The proposed model will serve as a reference for building energy efficiency practitioners to identify key relationships between building physical characteristics and operational strategies to minimize cooling energy demand at a minimal time in comparison to traditional energy estimation methods.

Contribution to the Study of the Energy Needs for a Building in the City of Errachidia Influence of Orientation and Local Materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 820 ◽  
pp. 18-28
Author(s):  
Lamya Lairgi ◽  
Abdelmajid Daya ◽  
Rabie Elotmani ◽  
Mohammed Touzani
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
Surplus Energy ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
The City ◽  
Local Materials

Given the share of buildings in energy demand, improving the energy efficiency of buildings in Morocco is an important source of energy savings. In order to finally get surplus energy balance buildings to maintain a stable indoor temperature, this work investigated the influence of orientation and local building materials with and without insulation on energy needs of a building in the city of Errachidia using the ECOTECT ANALYSIS 2011 software dedicated to the Thermal Simulation of Buildings.

scholarly journals Multi-Country Analysis on Energy Savings in Buildings by Means of a Micro-Solar Organic Rankine Cycle System: A Simulation Study

Environments ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessia Arteconi ◽  
Luca Del Zotto ◽  
Roberto Tascioni ◽  
Khamid Mahkamov ◽  
Chris Underwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Operational Cost ◽  
The North

In this paper, the smart management of buildings energy use by means of an innovative renewable micro-cogeneration system is investigated. The system consists of a concentrated linear Fresnel reflectors solar field coupled with a phase change material thermal energy storage tank and a 2 kWe/18 kWth organic Rankine cycle (ORC) system. The microsolar ORC was designed to supply both electricity and thermal energy demand to residential dwellings to reduce their primary energy use. In this analysis, the achievable energy and operational cost savings through the proposed plant with respect to traditional technologies (i.e., condensing boilers and electricity grid) were assessed by means of simulations. The influence of the climate and latitude of the installation was taken into account to assess the performance and the potential of such system across Europe and specifically in Spain, Italy, France, Germany, U.K., and Sweden. Results show that the proposed plant can satisfy about 80% of the overall energy demand of a 100 m2 dwelling in southern Europe, while the energy demand coverage drops to 34% in the worst scenario in northern Europe. The corresponding operational cost savings amount to 87% for a dwelling in the south and at 33% for one in the north.

scholarly journals Can We Regulate Our Way to Energy Efficiency? Product Standards as Climate Policy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noah M. Sachs
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Information Disclosure ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Political Support ◽  
Carbon Taxes ◽  
Regulatory Approach

In this Article, I demonstrate that the regulatory strategy for energy efficiency is working. Although information disclosure, financial incentives, and other softer alternatives to regulation play a vital role in reducing energy demand, these should be viewed as complements to efficiency regulation, rather than replacements. The regulatory approach has led to substantial cost and energy savings in the past, it has enjoyed bipartisan political support, and it targets products and behaviors that are difficult to address through other policy tools. Given the politics of climate change in the United States, which make federal carbon taxes or a cap-and-trade system infeasible, the regulatory option should be expanded, not abandoned.

Sustainable energy solutions for thermal load in buildings - Role of heat pumps, solar thermal, and hydrogen-based cogeneration systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Praveen Cheekatamarla ◽  
Vishaldeep Sharma ◽  
Bo Shen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Economic and population growth is leading to increased energy demand across all sectors – buildings, transportation, and industry. Adoption of new energy consumers such as electric vehicles could further increase this growth. Sensible utilization of clean renewable energy resources is necessary to sustain this growth. Thermal needs in a building pose a significant challenge to the energy infrastructure. Supporting the current and future building thermal energy needs to offset the total electric demand while lowering the carbon footprint and enhancing the grid flexibility is presented in this study. Performance assessment of heat pumps, renewable energy, non-fossil fuel-based cogeneration systems, and their hybrid configurations was conducted. The impact of design configuration, coefficient of performance (COP), electric grid's primary energy efficiency on the key attributes of total carbon footprint, life cycle costs, operational energy savings, and site-specific primary energy efficiency are analyzed and discussed in detail.

scholarly journals Additional requirement to the Swedish nearly zero energy requirements

2021 ◽  
Vol 246 ◽  
pp. 14002
Author(s):  
Åsa Wahlström ◽  
Mari-Liis Maripuu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Qualitative Properties ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Additional Requirement ◽  
Starting Point

This study has analysed which options would be appropriate to use as additional requirements to the main requirement of primary energy number in the new Swedish building regulations. The starting point is to ensure that buildings are built with good qualitative properties in terms of the building envelope so that low energy use can be maintained throughout the life of the building despite changes in installation systems or the building’s occupancy. The additional requirements should aim to minimize energy losses, i.e., to ensure that the building's total energy demand is low. The following possible additional requirements have been examined: net energy demand, net energy demand for heating, heat power demand, heat loss rate and average heat transfer coefficient. In order to ensure that the additional requirements will work as desired and to explore possibilities with, and identify the consequences of, the various proposals, calculations have been made for four different categories of buildings: single-family houses, apartment buildings, schools and offices. The results show that the suggested option net energy demand will not contribute to any additional benefits in relation to primary energy number. The other options analysed have both advantages and disadvantages and it is difficult to find a single additional requirement that fulfils all the pre-set demands.

scholarly journals User Perception of High-Performance Schools

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 191-202
Author(s):  
Mohd Najib Mohd Salleh ◽  
Mohd Zin Kandar ◽  
Siti Rasidah Md Sakip
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
High Performance ◽  
User Behavior ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Building Energy Efficiency ◽  
School Building ◽  
User Perception

Energy demand in buildings can reduce by improving energy efficiency. MS1525 has recommended that energy efficiency for Non-Residential Buildings in Malaysia to be not more than 135kWh/m²/year. A school building is a non-residential building and has major social responsibilities. Based on the theory of building energy-efficiency, energy efficiency can be achieved through three main factors: a) design of buildings; b) design of services; and c) user behavior. This study aims to investigate the user perceptions in High-Performance Schools. Keywords: User perception; building energy index; building energy efficiency; school building. eISSN 2514-7528 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI:https://doi.org/10.21834/jabs.v3i10.318  

Evaluation and Assessment of Additive Manufacturing Processes Based on the Least Energy Demand in Application for Sustainable Production

2017 ◽  
Vol 871 ◽  
pp. 153-160
Author(s):  
Sven Kreitlein ◽  
Viktor Gerter ◽  
Nikolaus Urban ◽  
Jörg Franke
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Melting Process ◽  
Relative Energy ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Least Energy

This paper presents the Least Energy Demand as an independent reference value for evaluating energy efficiency of additive manufacturing (AM) processes. Nowadays an essential challenge is represented by a proper evaluation and calculation of the energy efficiency of production processes. The reason for this is the lack of appropriate reference values. A comprehensive comparison of the energy efficiency is not possible without consistent reference values. However, this comparison serves as a first step towards the goal in order to reveal the actual energy savings potential of additive manufacturing procedures and to take actions on this basis. Therefore, the first step is to define the general concept, which is used for the calculation of the Least Energy Demand. Moreover, the unit operation-specific Least Energy Demand EGM is introduced based on unit operations. In conclusion, the importance of EGM as a reference value for evaluating the energy efficiency of production processes, defined in DIN 8580, is explained. Within the scope of an application of the illustrated concept the Least Energy Demand and the Relative Energy Efficiency (REE) are calculated using the example of a selective laser melting process.

“When There Was No Money in It, There Were No Men in It”: Examining Gender Differences in the Evaluation of High Performance Coaches

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
Claire Schaeperkoetter ◽  
Jonathan Mays ◽  
Jordan R. Bass
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Role Congruity Theory ◽  
Sports Teams ◽  
Role Congruity ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Female Coaches

In this Insights paper, we examine the continued decrease in the numbers of female coaches of high-profile sports teams. The decline in number of female coaches of high-profile teams is alarming, especially considering the increase in athletic participation among women. Because of this, it is important to examine possible explanations for this issue as a starting point for action and reform. We first detail several relevant examples of recent hires and firings of high-profile coaches in different countries around the world. Then, we briefly examine the relevant literature on gender representation of those working in sport. Using recent women’s basketball coaching changes in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) as a case in point, we aim to demonstrate that the trend of decreasing numbers of female coaches continues. We believe the specific setting of college coaches represents the moral global issue of gender inequity in regards to high-performance coaching settings. Specifically, we argue that a three-pronged conceptual approach—cultural capital, role congruity theory, and homologous reproduction—can provide insights into the hiring practices of female coaches in comparison with their male coaching counterparts.

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