scholarly journals Leadership Emergence in Post-Genocide Rwanda: The role of Women in Peacebuilding

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-104
Author(s):  
David Mwambari
Keyword(s):  
Women's Leadership ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Female Leaders ◽  
Success Story ◽  
Leadership Emergence ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The Past ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Different Levels

In the last two decades following the 1994 genocide, Rwanda has been praised internationally for its strong leadership and revamped governance structures. This has resulted in rapid economic development, restorative justice, homegrown peacebuilding approaches, the tackling of corruption, and restoring security in a country that some analysts had prematurely depicted a hopeless case in state failure. In particular, promotion of women’s rights has become a cornerstone of the Rwandan success story, but few scholars have examined the women who participated in this process and their positive contribution in rebuilding their communities. This article focuses on the role a small group of female leaders at different levels of society played in creating and fostering peacebuilding initiatives over the past two decades. It relies on secondary sources and the author’s observations of several processes in the Rwandan society for more than a decade. It focuses on constructive steps taken in Rwandan society to promote women’s leadership, which sets it apart from many other post-conflict countries while being aware of legitimate critiques of post-genocide Rwandan conditions.

Factors that Impede or Facilitate Post-Conflict Justice Mechanisms?

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawn L. Rothe ◽  
Scott Maggard
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Empirical Testing ◽  
Power Politics ◽  
The Past ◽  
Post Conflict

This article provides an overview of post-conflict justice (PCJ) as well as a detailed analysis of factors that impede or facilitate the implementation of mechanisms to address the atrocities of a conflict. Grounded in an extensive new dataset, developed over the past three years, covering all conflicts in Africa between 1946 and 2009, we extend previous research by including empirical testing of previously untested assumptions and variables impacting PCJ, most notably, the role of power, politics, economics, and geo-strategic interests at the state and international political levels as well as combining previously tested variables amongst and between each other. Further, the aspects of PCJ, including conflicts where mechanisms were not deployed are included in the analysis along with those coded as symbolic in nature. We conclude by discussing the pragmatic issues associated with testing the concept of realpolitik and policy implications based on our analysis.

scholarly journals The Role of Heritage and Authenticity in the Value Creation of Fashion Brand

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Boccardi ◽  
Cristiano Ciappei ◽  
Lamberto Zollo ◽  
Maria Carmen Laudano
Keyword(s):  
Marketing Research ◽  
Fashion Industry ◽  
Consumer Experience ◽  
Brand Authenticity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Fashion Brand ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Brand Heritage

<p>This paper builds on traditional and recent marketing research concerning the constituents of brand authenticity, particularly investigating consumers’ experience in the context of fashion industry. Specifically, we attempt to unpack the dimensions underlying the concept of brand authenticity by, first, correlating the role of heritage and ‘mythopoesis’ – the creation of a myth through repetitive narrative –  and, second, by applying our proposed theoretical framework to four Italian luxury fashion brands, namely Gucci, Salvatore Ferragamo, Lous Vuitton, and Stefano Ricci. Thanks to the positioning of such fashion brands according to different levels of heritage and authenticity, it emerges how mythopoesis allow brand marketers to transfer brand heritage from past to both present and future. In this way, the risk of brand fixation in the celebration of the past may be overcome. Managerial implications are finally discussed, showing how marketers may foster or hinder brand authenticity, and how such an aspect affects consumer experience and attitude toward the brand.</p>

De (on) Verklaarbaarheid Van Fossilisatie

1998 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 101-109
Author(s):  
Elisabeth van der Linden
Keyword(s):  
Learning Process ◽  
Past Tense ◽  
Advanced Learners ◽  
Syntactic Structures ◽  
The Past ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Past Tenses ◽  
Different Levels

In the literature about fossilization, several definitions have been given and several explanations have been suggested for this phenomenon. I see fossilization as a long-time stagnation in the T2 learning process, leading to errors based on transfer. Fossilization is caused by sociolinguistic, pyscholinguistic and purely linguistic factors. In this paper I concentrate on the acquisition of syntactic structures and on the role of input and instruction in that process. I argue that, although in the acquisition of some syntactic structures, UG plays an important role, this does not account for the whole learning process: learners have not only to reset parameters when acquiring T2 but have to proceduralize knowledge based on the surface structure of sentences. In the case of the use of past tenses in French, many of the Dutch advanced learners of three different levels of proficiency do not acquire native-like intuitions about the use of these tenses, although input as well as instruction are thorough on this point. I suggest that the past tense system is not UG-dependent and that the instruction does not allow proceduralization of the knowledge.

The Perceived Role of Psychology in the Initial Training of Christian Ministers of Religion in the United Kingdom

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie J. Francis ◽  
Mandy Robbins
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Initial Training ◽  
Ministry Training ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Detailed Questionnaire

A detailed questionnaire was mailed to all institutions involved in the initial training of Christian ministers of religion within the United Kingdom. The 95 completed replies represent an 85% response rate. The data suggest that, although few full-time ministry educators possess a recognized qualification in psychology, the climate is generally favorable to psychology within programs of initial ministry training. The data also distinguish between four different levels on which psychology may contribute to such programs: areas given high priority in initial ministry training and in which psychology is already perceived as making an important contribution; areas given middle ranking priority and in which psychology is perceived as making an important contribution; areas to which psychology is seen as making a very positive contribution but which are perceived as being of little importance in initial ministry training; and areas given high priority but in which psychology is perceived as having little to offer. Suggestions are offered for the promotion of psychology on these different levels.

scholarly journals Kepemimpinan Perempuan Dalam Pendidikan Islam

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-462
Author(s):  
Siti Kafidhoh
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Style ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Women's Leadership ◽  
Female Leadership ◽  
Female Leaders ◽  
Social Entrepreneurs ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Dominant Female ◽  
Continuous Progress

Women's Leadership in Islamic Education (Study on Role of Umi Waheeda in Managing Al-Ashriyyah Nurul Iman Islamic Boarding School Parung Bogor). This research found that the most dominant female leadership style shown by Umi Waheeda in managing Pesantren Nurul Iman is the Melati Style, with the main characteristic of simple, polite and wise leadership in all its members. This is also reinforced by the nature of leadership shown by Umi Waheeda with the nature of the mother and iron maden. Umi Waheeda shows maternal traits in directing employees, and has always been a strong and visionary women leader.Another interesting thing found in this study, in the perspective of Umi Waheeda employees, it shows the uniqueness of being a leader so that it becomes a characteristic of female leaders who distinguishes from other leaders including: 1) Umi Waheeda as a strong leader woman, 2) productive leader, by developing various social entrepreneurs; 3) Independent Free Education Initiators, in the sense that without relying on donations from other institutions; 4) The Trusty Leader, by establishing a non-profit institution to provide thousands of orphans and underprivileged people in terms of education, health, and free residence with istiqomah; 5) A progressive leader, provides periodic and continuous progress for the Al-Ashriyyah pesantren Nurul Iman.

scholarly journals Innovation through tradition in design-intensive family firms

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 823-839
Author(s):  
Stefano Magistretti ◽  
Claudio Dell’Era ◽  
Federico Frattini ◽  
Antonio Messeni Petruzzelli
Keyword(s):  
Family Firms ◽  
Success Factor ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The Past ◽  
Critical Success ◽  
Italian Design ◽  
Family Based ◽  
Use Of Knowledge

Purpose Several studies show that identity is a critical success factor in design-intensive industries, leading managers and executives to identify solutions that enable firms to simultaneously innovate while preserving their link with the past. Accordingly, scholars have recently revealed the role of the so-called innovation through tradition strategy. Thus, the purpose of this study/paper is to understand how design intensive firms may exploit knowledge pertaining to the past. Design/methodology/approach The research contributes to this line of inquiry by conducting a longitudinal analysis of two leading Italian design-intensive firms, B&B Italia and Cassina S.p.A. Specifically, through almost 30 h of interviews with 11 key informants and the analysis of various secondary sources, a unique database of over 900 products covering the period of 1960-2016 was developed. Findings The findings reveal that both firms leverage knowledge from the past mainly to preserve firm identity, as indicated by the two indicators used to capture the use of knowledge pertaining to the past (i.e., design tradition intensity and design tradition depth). In addition, the study shows that the values of these indicators significantly increase when ownership control shifts from family-based to fund-based. Originality/value The paper looks at design artifacts as a source of knowledge, exploring how they can support firms in reinforcing their identity. The original contribution to the design through traditional literature is in unveiling the product signs dimension of this particular innovation strategy.

The political engagement of women in post-conflict Kosovo

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 127-149
Author(s):  
Paulina Szeląg
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Female Presidents ◽  
Female Politicians ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Political Scene ◽  
Central Level

The Republic of Kosovo was created several years after the breakup of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Its problems were visible during Josip Broz Tito’s presidency. Over the last ten years Kosovo has had two female presidents. The question is, what is the position of women on the Kosovan political scene? This phenomenon is particularly significant from the point of view of the post-conflict reconstruction of the state. The aim of this article is to analyse the evolution of the role of Kosovo Albanian women in the politics of Kosovo at the central level. For this reason, the article includes women involved in the armed conflict in Kosovo, especially in the activities of the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA, alb. Ushtria Çlirimtare e Kosovës, UÇK). The author also presents the role of women in the Kosovan political arena since 1999, with particular emphasis on changes that took place after the declaration of independence of Kosovo. Furthermore, the author examines the profiles of selected female politicians. The article is based on an analysis of primary and secondary sources, the comparative and historical method, and an analysis of statistical data.

Politicising dark tourism sites: evidence from Cyprus

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Farmaki ◽  
Katerina Antoniou
Keyword(s):  
Peace Building ◽  
Dark Tourism ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
The Past ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
National Museums ◽  
Heritage Interpretation ◽  
Advance Knowledge

Purpose This paper aims to extend understanding on how the tourist experience at dark heritage sites is directed and consequently influences the narratives of cultural heritage. By discussing the way dark heritage sites are projected by suppliers, the paper anticipates to advance knowledge on the nexus between dark tourism and heritage and to offer insights into the management of dissonant heritage sites. Design/methodology/approach The cases of two opposing national museums in the divided island of Cyprus are presented and discussed in an attempt to illustrate how dissonant heritage interpretation in a post-conflict context is often the product of political direction, commemorating the past and to a great extent influencing the future of a society. Findings National struggle museums represent dark heritage sites, which evoke emotions pertinent to ethnic identity reinforcement. Evidently, the management of such sites is in opposition to peace-building efforts taking place in a post-conflict context. The paper concludes that visitation to dark heritage sites is culturally driven rather than death-related and suggests that efforts consolidate to target specific segments of visitors, if the reconciliation potential of dark tourism is to be unleashed. Originality/value Insofar, minimal attention has been paid on the conditions of the supply of dark heritage sites and the role of suppliers in influencing culture-based issues including collective memory and national identity. This paper addresses this gap in literature and advances understanding on the developmental elements defining dark heritage tourism, by identifying and discussing trajectories between dark tourism and politics.

A Tale of Two Cities: ‘Authentic’ Tourism in Belfast

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeleine Leonard
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Situation ◽  
Political Prisoners ◽  
Tour Guides ◽  
The Past ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
The City

The purpose of this paper is to consider the role of tour guides in presenting ‘authentic’ versions of the conflict and post-conflict situation in Belfast. The paper is based on how post-conflict Belfast and relationships between Catholics and Protestants are presented by tour operators to tourists visiting the city. The paper is based on eight tours undertaken in 2008 involving twelve tour guides. The paper compares and contrasts the discourses produced by former paramilitary combatants who are now employed as tour guides by Coiste (an organisation that focuses on supporting former political prisoners) with ‘neutral’ tour guides who provide ‘official’ Belfast City Sightseeing tours. Each claim to be giving an ‘authentic’ account of the past and present and the paper will explore the various dimensions of ‘biased authenticity’1 presented.

scholarly journals Transcendent Site: The Resurrection of Denniston

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Roger Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Design ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Site Condition ◽  
The West ◽  
Site Analysis ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ghost Town ◽  
History Of

<p>This thesis is a design-led investigation into how the proposed ‘Escarpment Mine Project’ could commemorate the history of the Denniston Plateau while at the same time, moving into the 21st century. The isolated ghost town, Denniston, is used as a means for building upon historic innovation, creating new opportunities for architecture. The resurrected township is based upon three design themes: resisting Dystopia, a call for eccentric creation, and repurposing the past. Each theme emerged as a response to macro and micro site analysis. The project investigates the fate of our cities in the future, and questions the role of architectural design in this setting. Inspired by Ecotopias, the new township is completely self-sufficient, and sustainable economic opportunities are created in anticipation of the inevitable decline of the ‘Escarpment Mine’. The project pushes the boundaries, constraints and perceptions of architectural fantasy. The resurrected township goes beyond accepted building norms, establishing itself as a township rich in identity and imaginative spirit.  The proposal repurposes the past to create an evolutionary architecture specific to Denniston. The new township adds another layer of history to the currently stalled site condition. The development enables future generations to experience the history of site through its architectural evolution. The Denniston township is a positive contribution to the West Coast. The new township mediates with the past towards future ideals, manifesting itself in imaginative, unconventional architecture</p>

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