scholarly journals MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF WATER QUALITY WITH A DIFFERENT CHEMICAL STATE; NUTRIENTS AND ARID ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS, SIWA OASIS, EGYPT

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-36
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Mohamed ◽  
Mohamed Abou-Kota ◽  
Shimaa Ganzou ◽  
Abdellatif Abdellatif
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Drainage Water ◽  
Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation

Purpose: A comprehensive monitoring and evaluation study was conducted on wells, water table and drainage water for water quality index. The study aimed to achieve a sustainable integrated management for water and soil at the study area. Methodology: Assessment and evaluation of water samples were: Evaluate the physic- chemical properties; Discuss the Hydro chemical coefficient; Assessment of the appropriate use of water quality such as permeability index (PI) and Kelly's indicator (KI); Water quality identification and assessment through calculate of WQI;  It was conducted various assessments of the elements within the water, such as the contamination factor (CFi); geo-accumulation index (Igeo) and the potential ecological risk index (RI).   Findings: The results shown that the dominance of Na+ cation and Cl- anions due to the influence of marine sediments on water elements which resulted in increased the mention  ions in drainage water> water table> wells. TDS values of wells, water tables and drainage water were no detected, 2374 to 9088 and 3641.6 to 13952mg L-1, respectively and RSC values of water samples were not significant. KI indicated that the well water is safe for drinking and the water table and drainage water are not acceptable for drinking. PI indicated that the suitability of water to be used in agriculture. WQI confirmed that the water is highly appropriated for Olive's tree and Palms cultivation. CFi indicated that the wells gave low to moderate contamination of Mn, Cu and B while, the Fe, Zn and Si concentrations were low. A very high degree of contamination by Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu and B were observed in water tables; however Si concentration was low to considerable degree. Generally, drainage water gave a very high degree of contamination with Mn, Cu, and B, whereas the concentration of Fe, Zn and Si were low, moderate and considerable degree. Analytical modeling proved that the Igeo values for Mn, Zn, Cu and Si were assigned to Class 0 for water sources at study area. RI indicated the wells and water table samples (exception of Cu was moderate to high) were slightly risk as well as the RI of drainage water samples was low risk. Contribution to theory, practice and policy: The results provided the relationships between the water resources assessment and water quality management, and to ensure their environmental reflections such as (contamination factor (CFi); geo-accumulation index (Igeo); the potential ecological risk (RI)), with the safe use of water based on its properties. Keywords: Hydro chemical coefficient; permeability index (PI); Kelly's indicator (KI); water quality index (WQI); contamination factor (CFi); geo-accumulation index (Igeo); the potential ecological risk (RI).

scholarly journals Assessment of metals contamination and ecological risk in ait Ammar abandoned iron mine soil, Morocco

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Nouri ◽  
Abd El Majid Haddioui
Keyword(s):  
Enrichment Factor ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Iron Mine ◽  
Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation

Abstract The present study is an attempt to assess the pollution intensity and corresponding ecological risk of phosphorus and metals including Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, Pb and Fe using various indices like geo-accumulation index, enrichment factor, pollution and ecological risk index. In all, 20 surface soil samples were collected from the Ait Ammar iron mine of Oued Zem city, province of Khouribga, in central Morocco. The concentrations of heavy metals in soil samples were used to assess their potential ecological risks. According to the results of potential ecological risk index (RI), pollution index (PI), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), enrichment factor (EF), potential contamination index (Cp), contaminant factor (Cf) and degree of contamination (Cd), based on the averages, considerable pollution of metals in soils of study area was observed. The consequence of the correlation matrix and principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that Fe, Cu, Zn, Cr and P mainly originated from natural sources and Cd and Pb are mostly derived from anthropogenic sources. The results showed that these metals in soil were ranked by severity of ecological risk as Pb > Cd > Cu > Cr > Zn, based on their single-element indexes. In view of the potential ecological risk (RI), soils from all soil samples showed a potential ecological risk. These results will provide basic information for the improvement of soil environment management and heavy metal pollution prevention in Ait Ammar.

scholarly journals Assessment of pollution and sources of heavy metals in the sediments of the Shitalakhya river, Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalimur Rahman ◽  
Saurav Barua ◽  
Fahim Ahammad ◽  
Md. Akramul Alam
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
River Sediments ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation

The Shitalakya River, located near Dhaka City of Bangladesh, supplies water to the city dwellers and hence it is essential to determine pollu-tion condition, ecological risk and sources of heavy metals in the river sediments. Sediment works as the sink and source of heavy metals in the riverine ecosystem. The samples collected from the ten sites of the Shitalakhya River were investigated in the study. Average concentra-tion of different heavy metals in the sediments are Cu>Zn>Ni>Pb>Cr>Cd. Geo-accumulation index reveals moderately pollute Cu concen-tration, unpolluted to moderately pollute Ni concentration and unpolluted for the rest of the heavy metals. The order of geo-accumulation index are Cu>Ni>Pb>Cd>Zn>Cr. Overall, the heavy metals render low potential ecological risk and the order of potential ecological risk index are Cd>Cu>Ni>Pb>Cr>Zn. Though the concentration of Cd is low in sediment, it poses higher ecological risk. Positive matrix factor-ization (PMF) identifies two sources of pollution, S1 and S2. Where, S1 consists with Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn; which come from industrial wastewater. S2 consists with Cr, Cd, Pb, Zn; which originate from natural sources. The outcomes of the study provide as a reference to plan, control and manage heavy metal pollution and protect the water source of the Shitalakhya River.    

scholarly journals Contamination Level, Ecological Risk, and Source Identification of Heavy Metals in the Hyporheic Zone of the Weihe River, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Irfan Ahamad ◽  
Jinxi Song ◽  
Haotian Sun ◽  
Xinxin Wang ◽  
Muhammad Sajid Mehmood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Enrichment Factor ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Accumulation Index ◽  
Weihe River ◽  
Geo Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation

The sediment pollution caused by different metals has attracted a great deal of attention because of the toxicity, persistence, and bio-accumulation. This study focuses on heavy metals in the hyporheic sediment of the Weihe River, China. Contamination levels of metals were examined by using “geo-accumulation index, enrichment factor, and contamination factor” while ecological risk of metals were determined by “potential ecological risk and risk index”. The pollutant accumulation of metals ranked as follows: “manganese (Mn)   >   chromium (Cr)   >   zinc (Zn)   > copper (Cu)   >   nickel (Ni)   >   arsenic (As)   >   lead (Pb)”. The geo-accumulation index identified arsenic as class 1 (uncontaminated to moderate contamination), whereas Cu, Cr, Ni, Zn, Pb, and Mn were classified as class 0 (uncontaminated). According to the enrichment factor, arsenic originated through anthropogenic activities and Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb were mainly controlled by natural sources. The contamination factor elucidated that sediments were moderately polluted by (As, Cr, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Pb), whereas Ni slightly contaminated the sediments of the Weihe River. All metals posed a low ecological risk in the study area. The risk index revealed that contribution of arsenic (53.43 %) was higher than half of the total risk.

scholarly journals Ecological Risk Assessment of Cadmium in Karst Lake Sediments Based on Daphnia pulex Ecotoxicology

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 650
Author(s):  
Faustino Dinis ◽  
Hongyan Liu ◽  
Qingdong Liu ◽  
Xuewen Wang ◽  
Meng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Daphnia Pulex ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation

The background value of cadmium (Cd) in soil and water sediments in the karst area is 0.31 mg kg−1, with a typical high background of cadmium geochemistry. It is well-known that Cd is classified as a highly toxic metal. Therefore, at the Yelang reservoir in Guizhou province, eco-toxicological tests were carried out using Daphnia pulex. The Geo-Accumulation Index and Potential Ecological Risk Index were used to assess the environmental risk of Cd in sediments. The Cd contents in the sediments of Yelang reservoir ranged from 2.51 to 5.23 mg kg−1, while the LC50 values of the acute toxicity test of Daphnia pulex and Cd at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h were 1.17, 0.50, 0.24, and 0.12 mg L−1, respectively, giving a Safe Concentration threshold of Cd of 1.20 × 10−3 mg L−1 in the water body. Based on curve fitting the solid–liquid two-phase distribution model of cadmium in Yelang reservoir was Y = 7.59 × 10−9 × X2.58 (R2 = 0.9995). The safety threshold sediment Cd concentration was 103 mg kg−1, and was much higher than the Cd content in the sediment of the Yelang reservoir. The Geo-Accumulation Index (Igeo 2.432–3.491) results show that the sediments had reached medium-strong or strong risk levels. The Potential Ecological Risk Index (Eri 242.8–505.9) reached a very high or extremely high-risk level. However, due to high concentrations of Ca2+ and Mg2+, and the pH being in the neutral–alkaline range of water body in karst areas, the Daphnia ecotoxicology evaluation method showed slight ecological risk, quite different from other assessment results, thus this method could be considered to use in such areas.

Distribution and Contamination Status of Heavy Metals in the Surface Sediments along Western Coast of Bali Strait, Banyuwangi

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Defri Yona ◽  
Syarifah Hikmah Julinda Sari ◽  
Anedathama Kretarta ◽  
Citra Ravena Putri Effendy ◽  
Misba Nur Aini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
Sampling Locations ◽  
Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation

This study attempted to analyze the distribution and contamination status of heavy metals (Cu, Fe and Zn) along western coast of Bali Strait in Banyuwangi, East Java. Bali Strait is one of the many straits in Indonesia with high fisheries activities that could potentially contributed to high heavy metal pollution. There were five sampling areas from the north to south: Pantai Watu Dodol, Pantai Kalipuro, Ketapang Port, Pantai Boom and Muncar as the fish landing area. Heavy metal pollution in these locations comes from many different activities such as tourism, fish capture and fish industry and also domestic activities. Contamination factor (CF), geo-accumulation index (Igeo) and enrichment factor (EF) of each heavy metal were calculated to obtain contamination status of the research area. The concentrations of Fe were observed the highest (1.5-129.9 mg/kg) followed by Zn (13.2-23.5 mg/kg) and Cu (2.2-7.8 mg/kg). The distribution of Cu, Fe and Zn showed variability among the sampling locations in which high concentrations of Cu and Zn were higher in Ketapang Port, whereas high concentration of Fe was high in almost all sampling locations. According to the pollution index, contamination factors of Cu, Fe and Zn were low (CF < 1 and Igeo < 1). However, high index of EF (> 50) showed high influence of the anthropogenic activities to the contribution of the metals to the environment. This could also because of the high background value used in the calculation of the index due to the difficulties in finding background value from the sampling areas.Keywords: heavy metals, pollution index, contamination factor, geo-accumulation index, Bali Strait

Distribution and Contamination Evaluation of Lead in the Sediments of Northern Kaohsiung Harbor, Taiwan

2012 ◽  
Vol 178-181 ◽  
pp. 984-987
Author(s):  
Chiu Wen Chen ◽  
Chih Feng Chen ◽  
Cheng Di Dong
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Mouth Region ◽  
Accumulation Index ◽  
Severe Degree ◽  
Geo Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation

The distribution, enrichment, accumulation, and potential ecological risk of lead (Pb) in the surface sediments of northern Kaohsiung Harbor, Taiwan were investigated. Results showed that the Pb concentrations varied from 10.9–73.2 mg/kg with an average of 42.1±19.1 mg/kg. The spatial distribution of Pb reveals that the Pb concentration is relatively high in the river mouth region, and gradually diminishes toward the harbor entrance region. This indicates that upstream industrial and municipal wastewater discharges along the river bank are major sources of Pb pollution. Results from the enrichment factor and geo-accumulation index analyses imply that the sediments collected from the river mouth can be characterized between severe and very severe degree enrichment and between moderately strong and strong to very strong accumulation of Pb, respectively.

A STUDY OF POLLUTION IN SEDIMENTS FROM ANZALI WETLAND WITH GEO-ACCUMULATION INDEX AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 2255-2262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabiollah Mansouri ◽  
Maryam Panahandeh ◽  
Nematollah Khorasani ◽  
Abdolreza Karbassi ◽  
Borhan Riazi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Ecological Risk Assessment ◽  
Anzali Wetland ◽  
Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation

scholarly journals Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution of Water, Sediments and Algae in River Benue at Jimeta-Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 186-195
Author(s):  
A A Tyovenda ◽  
S I Ikpughul ◽  
T Sombo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Enrichment Factor ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Pollution Load Index ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation

Heavy metal pollution of water, sediments and Algae in the upper region of River Benue at Jimeta-Yola, Adamawa state, Nigeria was assessed. The concentrations of the heavy metals (Pb, Hg, Ni, Cu, Cr, Zn, Mn, Fe) in the samples were analyzed using Atomic Adsorption Spectrometer. Pollution parameters such as enrichment factor, contamination factor, pollution load index and geo-accumulation index were evaluated. The result of heavy metal analysis showed that, the concentration (ppm) of the metals in water samples ranged as follows: Pb(0.25-0.50), Hg(0.00-2.00), Ni(0.10-0.31), Cu(0.03-0.13), Cr(0.00-1.33), Zn(0.01-0.04), Mn(0.03-0.06) and Fe(105.15-118.75) respectively. This result when compared with the EPA maximum permissible limits for drinking water showed that, all the metals except Cu and Zn had values above the permissible limits. The evaluation of enrichment factor revealed that, Hg showed extremely high enrichment while Pb showed significant enrichment for Algae, water and sediment samples. The contamination factor showed low contamination for all metals except Hg which showed considerable contamination for sediments, water and Algae samples. The pollution load index for sediments, water and Algae indicated no pollution. The geo-accumulation index of the metals in sediments, water and Algae indicates no or minimal pollution. The samples were enriched with Hg and Pb. These metals are capable of causing various types of cancer, brain and kidney damage among other ailments.

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