scholarly journals THE NOTION OF FAMILY IN IGBO AFRICAN SOCIETY: A PHILOSOPHICAL APPRAISAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Ignatius Nnaemeka Onwuatuegwu
Keyword(s):  
General Assumption ◽  
African Society ◽  
Specific Interest ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Academic Publications ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
Distinguishing Features

Purpose:This study is meant to appraise philosophically the notion of family in Igbo African society. The study will also show the distinguishing features between the Igbo African society and the western societies in relation to the notion of family. This paper will attempt to discuss the notion of family in the Igbo-African society with a particular interest in analyzing the components that make the family in the Igbo-African society stand out.Methodology:The applicable methodology in any study is determined largely by the objectives or purposes which the study is meant to achieve. For the purpose of this study, the applicable methodology will be a form of review of relative literatures, peer reviewed journals and internet sources which treated the concepts and issues relating the subject matters to be appraised by this study.Findings: The study finds that family is the smallest unit of society. The study also found that the concept of family is part and parcel of man, and it is as old as man himself. Furthermore, the study observed that there is a general assumption that the overall dispositions of conducts and characters in any given society can be traced to the conducts and characters at the family level. The study also found that the notion of family in the Igbo African society is distinct in several features and factors when compared to the one in the western cultures.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Although several authors have devoted the time and scholarly efforts in researching about the concept of family; there are dearths of scholarly researched literatures which narrows the concept to the Igbo African society. It implies that there are few or no academic publications where the notion of family is philosophically appraised with specific interest to its features, and factors in the Igbo African society. It is on this note that this study comes in to fill the voidness by making a philosophical appraisal of the notion of family in the Igbo African society

scholarly journals Pierrot, Arlequín y nosotros, los espectadores. A propósito de Funny Games (Michael Haneke, 1997)

2020 ◽  
pp. 255-269
Author(s):  
Pablo Ferrando-García
Keyword(s):  
Daily Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Moral Dimension ◽  
Modes Of Representation ◽  
The Family ◽  
P 16 ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Ultimate Objective ◽  
The One ◽  
Pedagogical Function

We present an analysis of the filmic representation of Funny Games to highlight its playful structure as a game of games. Through a series of narrative efforts, a double operation is carried out, aimed at a specular relationship with the viewer. On the one hand, Michael Haneke’s film offers a series of expressive mechanisms that are aimed at shifting the objective gaze to subjective in order to transfer the perception of the subject presented to the viewer. On the other, it presents a brutal clash between the registers of comedy and tragedy through the young psychopaths, Peter and Paul, who emerge as contemporary clowns, in the figures of Pierrot and Harlequin, whose negative resonances lead to the incarnation of absolute EVil. In turn, the family are the victims, and this is presented as the prototype of the family institution while Peter and Paul are mere archetypes. In this way, the cinematographic screen is turned into a device for interrogating its modes of representation and, in turn, offers a solid moral dimension. The ultimate objective of the Hanekian story is to cover it with “a pedagogical function: to familiarize the cinema, to bring it closer to a daily life so that it speaks from you to you to the experience –to the conscience– of the viewer” (Font, 2002, p. 16). Resumen Nuestra propuesta trata de desarrollar un análisis de la representación fílmica con el propósito de poner de relieve la estructura lúdica de Funny Games como juego de juegos. A través de toda una serie de gestiones narrativas se efectúa una doble operación dirigidas a una relación especular con el espectador. Por un lado, la película de Michael Haneke ofrece una serie de mecanismos expresivos que van encaminados al desplazamiento de la mirada objetiva en subjetiva con el fin de trasladar la percepción del sujeto de la enunciación al narratario/espectador. Por otro, presenta un brutal choque entre el registro de la comedia con la tragedia a través de los jóvenes psicópatas, Peter y Paul, que se erigen en los payasos contemporáneos, en las figuras de Pierrot y Arlequín, cuyas resonancias negativas conducen a la encarnación del Mal absoluto. A su vez, George y Anne Schöber son las víctimas y estos son expuestos como el prototipo de la institución familiar mientras Peter y Paul son meros arquetipos narrativos. De este modo, la pantalla cinematográfica se convierte en un dispositivo de interrogación sobre sus modos de representación y, a su vez, ofrece una sólida dimensión moral. El objetivo último del relato hanekiano es revestirlo de “una función pedagógica: familiarizar el cine, acercarlo a una cotidianidad para que hable de tú a tú a la experiencia –a la conciencia– del espectador” (Font, 2002: 16).

THE MODERN GREEK FAMILY: AXIOLOGICAL CONTRADICTIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Anna A. Toropova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Family Policy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Family Issues ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Family And Marriage ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
The One

Family issues and the topic of social family policy in Greece is the subject of researches by a number of Greek sociologists (V. Filias (Β. Φίλιας), G.-S. Prevelakis (Γ.-Σ. Πρεβελάκης), H. Simeonidou (Χ. Συμεωνίδου), G. Georgas (Γ. Γεωργάς), L. Musuru (Λ. Μουσούρου), L. Maratu-Aliprandi (Λ. Μαράτου-Αλιπράντη). It seems interesting and useful to consider the situation in Greece from the point of view of its ambivalent nature: traditional values and patriarchal order, on the one hand, and adherence to liberal European sentiments, on the other. In the modern world, there is a "reformatting of ideas about the essence of family and marriage" [Noskova A. V., 2017: 123], which leads, in particular, to the rejection of having children, to increasingly frequent divorces "for no reason", to irresponsibility in awareness roles in the family, to the vulnerability of socialization, to the infantilism of adults, to avoidance of awareness of problems of various kinds, to egocentrism. Modern Greece is not an exception. The growing number of single-parent families in cities, low birth rates, divorces, loneliness, depression are characteristic features of many families. This allows us to speak about the “crisis of the Greek family” [Γεωργάς, 2010]. This research may be of interest to specialists dealing with the topic of the family, and significantly supplement the existing research in the domestic sociological field.

Krąg rodziców i dzieci uprawnionych do posiadania karty dużej rodziny a konstytucyjna zasada równości wobec prawa

2015 ◽  
pp. 137-153
Author(s):  
Filip Dziedzic
Keyword(s):  
Large Family ◽  
Time Limit ◽  
The Other ◽  
Constitutional Principle ◽  
Legal Situation ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Large Families ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right

The subject of the article is the justification of the thesis that the differentiation of the legal situation of parents on the basis of the Act on the Large Family Card, who have established a family with at least three children violates the constitutional principle of equality before the law. On the one hand some parents are entitled to use the card without any time limit, and on the other hand there is a group of parents who also have large families, but are totally deprived of the right. According to the author of the article, the diversity does not represent any constitutionally protected value and the discrimination occurs due to the unlimited duration of the right to own the Card by eligible parents. The result of the above, as well as the fourth (another) child’s right to the Card depending on holding the Card by the parent, is discriminatory for the children born as the fourth (next) child in the family. The article is also an attempt to answer the question which way would be the best to remove the above-mentioned discrimination thus making it most coherent with the objective and content of the analyzed regulation.

scholarly journals Plant-Distribution from the Standpoint of an Idealist

1919 ◽  
Vol 44 (299) ◽  
pp. 439-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. B. Guppy
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Treatment ◽  
Plant Distribution ◽  
The North ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Types ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The One ◽  
The Tropics

SUMMARY From a consideration of the problems of plant-distribution, the writer is led to regard the history of the Angiosperms as resolving itself into two principal eras:— The era that witnessed the rise of the great families, a period of relatively uniform conditions.The era that witnessed the differentiation of these family types in response to the differentiation of the climatic and other conditions. It is argued that conclusions drawn from the prevailing influences now in operation could only be applied to the differentiation of the ancient family types–that is to say, to the second era in plant-history. It is not possible, so it is held, to apply a theory based on the present to an age of other things, other ways, and other conditions. Only the hypothesis that finds its guide to the past in the abnormalities of the present can be of service to us in the interpretation of times so different. The subject is introduced by a reference to two papers, contributed to the ‘Journal of the Linnean Society,’ which have an important bearing on the subject, the one by Bentham on the Compositæ, the other by Huxley on the Gentians. Then follows a statement of the differentiation hypothesis which involves the differentiation of primitive world-ranging types in response to the progressive differentiation of their originally uniform conditions. Allusion is then made to the dilemma into which all theorists fall when they come to handle the larger groups, the very persistence of which in our own age depends on the stability of their essential characters. If stable now, why so unstable then? We are thus forced to the conclusion that in the distant era that witnessed the deployment of the Angiosperms instability prevailed. It was an age of mutations, free and unchecked, and an age of uniformity of conditions, the mutability decreasing and the modifications becoming more and more fixed with progressive differentiation of conditions, an explanation suggested by a perusal of the accounts by Dr. Willis of his prolonged investigation on the Podostemaceæ. The distribution of families is then treated statistically; and it is shown that whilst they largely ignore the cleavage of the land into two great masses diverging from the north, they respond in a marked degree to the differentiation of the climatic zones. Behind their disregard for the present arrangement of continents and oceans lies the story of the first era, and behind their ready response to climatic differentiation lies the story of the second era. In the circumstance that the response made to the bi-cleavage of the land-mass is absent or small with the larger groups and becomes greater and greater as we go down the differentiating scale until it attains its maximum in the species, is recognised the contrast of conditions between the pre-differentiation era and the era when differentiation reigned supreme. It is held that there is a method here disclosed that could only arise by the family differentiating into the tribes, the tribe into the genera, and the genus into the species, since the opposite method of commencing with the species would produce chaos. The paper ends with the application of the statistical treatment to the larger groups behind the families, and it is shown that whilst the Dicotyledons display a much greater tendency to detachment from the tropics than the Monocotyledons, the Sympetalæ stand foremost in this respect amongst all the groups of the Dicotyledons. It may be added that there is a large amount of material in the ten tables which from considerations of space could not be discussed. These data have therefore to tell their own story

scholarly journals LE Test Du Dessin De Famille (Symbolisation par un animal des tendances interdites)

1964 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 417-430
Author(s):  
Louis Corman
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One

The application of psychoanalytic rules to the family drawing permits an interpretation in depth which leads to the understanding of conflicts in the child's mind. In this work, the author has limited himself more particularly to the study of the projection of forbidden tendencies to an animal symbol, as this projection enables the subject to gratify 'by proxy' his instincts without feelings of anguish or without being punished. This is surely a theory and it will be necessary, in each case, to check it by means of an extensive clinical and projective analysis. It was possible, however, to support this theory with several arguments. The first is that the familiar animal which is supposed to assume the forbidden tendency is emphasized by the place it occupies, the care with which it is drawn and the comment describing its action. Sometimes even, it has human features which indicate its intimate collusion with the subject. Secondly, in such a case, the subject himself is absent from the drawing; he has not depicted himself. One is led to wonder under what other person's features he appears and when the super-added animal is set out, it may be assumed that it is representing the subject in the drawing. The third argument is inferred from identification. It is quite obvious that, when the subject claims to be identified with the animal, no doubt is possible. However, more often than not, as we have seen, the child evades the question, and when he is invited to identify himself, he is either the father or he is someone absent. This is quite understandable, as we have seen that the person assuming the forbidden action is also the one who will have to accept punishment. Therefore, in one case, the adder is chased away; in other cases, the aggressor animal is killed. In all those cases, it will be necessary to establish identification in an indirect manner, outside of the statements of the child. Identification will be based in the first place on the signs of emphasis given to the animal shown, as we have said; secondly, on the convergence of indices which are brought out by the other tests or psychodramas, as has been illustrated in those observations.

REVISION OF THE CHIGGER-LIKE LARVAE OF THE GENERA NEOTROMBIDIUM LEONARDI AND MONUNGUIS WHARTON, WITH A REDEFINITION OF THE SUBFAMILY NEOTROMBIDIINAE FEIDER IN THE TROMBIDIIDAE (ACARINA: PROSTIGMATA)

1971 ◽  
Vol 103 (11) ◽  
pp. 1557-1590 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. Lindquist ◽  
P. H. Vercammen-Grandjean
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Caribbean Area ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
The One

AbstractThe trombidiid subfamily Neotrombidiinae Feider is re-established and redefined, based primarily on larval characters but also on adult characters. It is closely related to the trombidiid Trombellinae on the one hand and to the Leeuwenhoekidae on the other. It consists of two genera, namely Monunguis Wharton, which is monobasic and known only from the larva, and Neotrombidium Leonardi, with 13 described species of which 7 are known from the larva and 8 from the adult (the larva and adult of 2 species are correlated by rearings).The history of the family-level placement of this group, and the controversy over whether or not to recognize two genera, are reviewed. The characters that justify the separate recognition of Monunguis and Neotrombidium are enumerated.The larva of each of the following species of Neotrombidiinae is described, illustrated and keyed: Monunguis streblida Wharton from the Caribbean area, Neotrombidium barringunense Hirst from Australia, N. tricuspidum Borland from North America, N. tenuipes (Womersley) from Malaya, N. samsinaki (Daniel) new combination from central Europe, N. anuroporum new species from Central America, N. bengalense new species from India, and N. tenebrione new species from eastern North America. Six other species of this group, known only from the adult, are listed separately but are not treated taxonomically here.The larvae of Neotrombidiinae parasitize adult insects: those of Monunguis are hyperparasites on streblid flies whereas those of Neotrombidium are ectoparasites of cerambycid, clerid, elaterid, and tenebrionid beetles that pass part of their life history under the bark of trees.In the Microtrombidiinae, Camerotrombidium Thor is noted as the valid replacement name for the preoccupied Ottonia Kramer.

scholarly journals Emakumeak eta bortxa euskal baladetan: emakumezkoen literatura-tradizio bat

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Cristina González Artetxe
Keyword(s):  
Oral Literature ◽  
The Family ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One

Artikulu honen helburua euskal ahozko literaturan bortxarekin erlazionatzen den eta gordean egon den emakume tradizio bat dagoen ebaztea da. Horretarako, bost balada aztertu dira: Andre Emili, Frantziako Anderea, Urrutiako Anderea, Neska ontziratua eta Atharratze Jauregian. Balada hauek bai formalki bai kontzeptualki aztertu dira; horretarako, baladen subjektua eta aktanteak aztertu dira, baita egitura ere; era berean, bortxa, familiaren rola eta maitasunaren irudiari erreparatzen zaio. Formen eta ideien arteko elkarreragina eta antolaketa ikertu dira, luzez ezagun suertatu zaigun eta oraindik ulertzen den errealitate baten arteko loturak nola egokitzen diren ulertzen saiatuz. The aim of this article is to elucidate whether it exists and has been concealed a female tradition that relates to violence in Basque oral literature. Five ballads are analyzed: Andre Emili, Frantziako Anderea, Urrutiako Anderea, Neska ontziratua and Atharratze Jauregian. These ballads will be examinated both formally and conceptually, evaluating the subject and actants of the ballads, their structure, violence, the role of the family and the image of love. The interaction and organization between forms and ideas have been investigated, trying to understand how the connections between a reality that has been known by us for a long time and the one that is still understood are adapted.

scholarly journals Development of Online Materials in the Subject Course Analysis and Data Utilization on the NFPPB Training Center

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-29
Author(s):  
Armen Ma'ruf ◽  
Nurdin Ibrahim ◽  
Zulfiati Syahrial
Keyword(s):  
Reference Model ◽  
Summative Evaluation ◽  
Course Development ◽  
Training Center ◽  
Data Utilization ◽  
Web Based ◽  
The Family ◽  
Evaluation Stage ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One

This research is research and development (R&D). The purpose of this research is to develop online material for the Analysis and Data Utilization Subject Course in the NFPPB Training Center. The study was conducted at the NFPPB with the aim of participants of the Family Planning Village Operationalization Technical Training. The research method refers to the Allan Jolliffe development model. The results of the development of online material for Analysis and Data Utilization can be accessed at URL http://www.annangguru.com/elearning. Online material developed using Moodle application software with moove model. The product development procedure is carried out according to the reference model of the Allan Jolliffe development. The step-by-step review process is carried out by material experts, media experts, and instructional design experts. To the target of the study conducted the one-on-one test, small group test, and field test. Evaluation is carried out until the summative evaluation stage by calculating the N-Gain Score. The results of the summative evaluation stated that the online material for the analysis and data utilization was effective in improving the learning outcomes of trainees in the NFPPB Training Center.Keywords: Web-Based Course, Development Studies, Online Materials

Gwao Bin Kilimo: The Administrators' Reaction

1988 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
Andrew Lyall
Keyword(s):  
Customary Law ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
African Society ◽  
Law System ◽  
Sharp Focus ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
Insight Into

The case of Gwao bin Kilimo v. Kisunda bin Ifuti decided by the colonial courts of the then Tanganyika has always held a certain fascination for those interested in the process of law under colonial rule. This is for a variety of reasons. The case seems to put into sharp focus the conflict between the imposed common law system and the indigenous customary law. This in turn stimulates questions as to the social values that lay, and probably still lie, behind the two systems and the extent to which those values reflect actual differences between the societies in which they developed. Since the conflict arose in a colonial context, the case also raises the question of the rôle of law in such a society and therefore, to some extent, the rôle of law in relation to ideology and political economy in this and in other contexts also. What is less well known is that the case was the subject of comment by colonial administrative officers at the time, comments which point up many of the issues involved and provide some insight into the different perceptions of African society on the part of administrative officers on the one hand and the judiciary on the other.

scholarly journals Makarenkowskie odczyty o wychowaniu dla rodziców w optyce Foucaultowskiej kategorii urządzania

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Maria Szczepska-Pustkowska ◽  
Longina Strumska-Cylwik ◽  
Małgorzata Lewartowska-Zychowicz
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Soviet Power ◽  
Soviet State ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Collective Mentality ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Homo Sovieticus

The subject of our interest is the rhetoric of Makarenko’s readings/interpretations of upbringing designated for parents. We would like to subject it to consideration in the prospect/perspective of Foucault’s governmentality category, understood as a specific metacategory/joint category connecting the axes of power (the Soviet power), knowledge (political economy), and the subject (homo sovieticus). Applying the governmentality category provides for the possibility of attempting to reconstruct traces of tangle/discursive relations and undiscursive elements of the policy of arranging a family which is a component of a broader policy of the Soviet state aimed at “forging” the new Soviet man. In this context, we will recognize Makarenko’s pedagogy as a kind of conceptualization and implementation of the policy of the Soviet state at the family level, having the goal of shaping a man of collective mentality, completely subordinated to the Soviet state, with standardized and ideologized consciousness.

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