scholarly journals THE LATENT CONTENT MODEL OF ECONOMIC GROWTH

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Ntogwa Ng’habi Bundala
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Economic Variables ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
Linear Modelling ◽  
Latent Content

Purpose: This paper aimed to establish a latent content (LC) model of economic growth that integrates both economic and non-economic variables. Methodology: The study used a cross-sectional survey research design. The checklist questionnaires were used to collect primary data. The sample size of the study was 2011 individuals, randomly sampled from Mwanza and Kagera regions in Tanzania. Cronbach’Alpha and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to test reliability and validity of questionnaires respectively. The study used both linear and non-linear modelling data analytics methods to examine assumptions of the LC model of economic growth.  Clearly, the study used automatic linear modelling, stochastic structural-factor frontier analysis, and structural equation modelling to test the linearity assumption of the LC model. Moreover, the probit model and neural network analysis were used to examine the non- linearity assumption of the LC model. Findings: The study evidenced that the LC model was significantly determined by capital, psychological well-being (PWB), and labour. However, the labour was found significant negatively impacts economic growth. The subjective well-being (SWB) indicators were found insignificantly impacting the economic growth, however they have indirect impacts. Furthermore, the study confirmed that non-economic variables had less probabilistic power than economic variables. The paper concluded that an optimal economic growth (GDP) was direct related to capital, psychological wellbeing and inversely proportional to labour. However, the effectiveness of capital and labour were due to mediation effects of subjective well-being and psychological well-being respectively. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The LC model of economic growth introduces a modern theory of economic growth, that its adoption will affect the traditional economic theories, practices and policy settings. The model was found empirically valid, hence, the paper recommended the adoption of the LC model in pre-and post micro and macro-economic policy and strategy designs/planning. The adoption of the model will increase the probability of an individual of getting a high economic growth (output) as well as the strengthening of psychosocial resources. However, this study suggested further study by using longitudinal data to attest the LC model as the current study only limited on the cross-sectional data.  

scholarly journals Cyberbullying and Psychological Well-being in Young Adolescence: The Potential Protective Mediation Effects of Social Support from Family, Friends, and Teachers

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Hellfeldt ◽  
Laura López-Romero ◽  
Henrik Andershed
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
Victim Group

In the current study, we tested the relations between cyberbullying roles and several psychological well-being outcomes, as well as the potential mediation effect of perceived social support from family, friends, and teachers in school. This was investigated in a cross-sectional sample of 1707 young adolescents (47.5% girls, aged 10–13 years, self-reporting via a web questionnaire) attending community and private schools in a mid-sized municipality in Sweden. We concluded from our results that the Cyberbully-victim group has the highest levels of depressive symptoms, and the lowest of subjective well-being and family support. We also observed higher levels of anxiety symptoms in both the Cyber-victims and the Cyberbully-victims. Moreover, we conclude that some types of social support seem protective in the way that it mediates the relationship between cyberbullying and psychological well-being. More specifically, perceived social support from family and from teachers reduce the probability of depressive and anxiety symptoms, and higher levels of social support from the family increase the probability of higher levels of subjective well-being among youths being a victim of cyberbullying (i.e., cyber-victim) and being both a perpetrator and a victim of cyber bullying (i.e., cyberbully-victim). Potential implications for prevention strategies are discussed.

scholarly journals Well-Being in Alpine Space: How Subjective Determinants Affect Urban and Rural Areas. A Case Study Analysis in South Tyrol, Italy

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
Federica Vigano ◽  
Enzo Grossi ◽  
Giorgio Tavano Blessi
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Autonomous Province ◽  
The Individual

<p><em>The paper analyzes urban-rural difference on the individual psychological well-being of residents living in the Autonomous Province of Alto Adige, region on the border between Italy and Austria. Data comes from a cross-sectional survey undertaken in 2010 on a statistical representative sample, based on the PGWBI, an instrument specifically used to measure individual subjective well-being. The study examines the influence of socio-demographic factors, as well as cultural determinants, on the PGWBI. Urban inhabitants were found to perceive higher level of psychological well-being compared to rural ones, while the determinants affecting individual subjective had a greater impact on the rural one.</em></p>

scholarly journals Hidden Demographics Barriers of the Economic Growth: A Psychometric Approach

2022 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-51
Author(s):  
Ntogwa N. Bundala
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Weighted Least Squares ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Gaussian Mixture ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Employment Policy ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

This paper examined the hidden demographic barriers of economic growth. The study used a cross-sectional survey researches design. The primary data were collected by using a psychometric scale from 211 individuals who were randomly sampled from the Mwanza and Kagera regions in Tanzania. The data were linearly analysed by the weighted least squares (WLS) and Analysis weighted- automatic linear modelling (AW-ALM), and non-linearly analysed by Gaussian mixture model (GMM) and neural network analysis (NNA). The study found that the main hidden demographic barrier to economic growth is the negative subjective well-being of an individual’s current age and education level. Moreover, the GMM revealed that there is no significant data or regional clusters or classes in the study population. Furthermore, NNA evidenced the most effective predictor of economic growth is age, followed by education. The study concluded that the most hidden demographic factors that hinder economic growth are negative perceptions of an individual on his/her current age and level of education, not the age maturity, and education level. Operationally or practically, the paper implicates several socio-economical policies, mostly the national aging policy (NAP), the National Education and Training policy (NETP), the National Employment Policy (NEP), and regulations /laws on national social security funds schemes at national, regional and global levels. Therefore, the paper recommended that government and other education stakeholders increase the policy commitment on the mathematics, science, and technology subjects to be compulsory for primary and secondary schools, and the extension of the retirement age from 60 years (voluntary) to 65 years (compulsory)

scholarly journals Well-Being and Satisfaction of Nurses in Slovenian Hospitals: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 180-188
Author(s):  
Mateja Lorber ◽  
Sonja Treven ◽  
Damijan Mumel
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nursing Service ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Individual Variables

AbstractIntroductionWell-being is one of the most important factors in whether nurses decide to remain in the nursing profession. This study aims to examine well-being and satisfaction among nurses working in Slovenian hospitals and to identify the related demographic factors.MethodsThis descriptive cross-sectional study uses standardised instruments. The sample included 640 nurses working in Slovenian hospitals. The difference between individual variables were analysed using the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests.ResultsNurses self-assessed their satisfaction and well-being as moderate. Forty-seven per cent of nurses were satisfied with their job, 49% assessed their psychological well-being as good, 52% were often exposed to stress at the workplace and 30% were always exposed to stress at the workplace. Levels of job satisfaction (p=0.031), psychological well-being (p=0.029) and subjective well-being (p=0.014) were found to differ significantly according to level of education, while levels of job satisfaction (p=0.005), life satisfaction (p<0.001), psychological well-being (p<0.001) and subjective well-being (p<0.001) were also found to differ according to years of nursing service and from hospital to hospital (p<0.001).ConclusionsThe key finding of the study is that nurses are moderately satisfied with their work and life and that they display moderate levels of psychological and subjective well-being. Hospitals can be successful and achieve the goals of the organisation if their employees are satisfied with work and enjoy good levels of well-being. Hospital management have to recognise the importance of ensuring that nurses and other employees are satisfied and healthy.

Economic drivers of dwelling satisfaction

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn Frank ◽  
Takao Enkawa
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mediated Effects ◽  
Aggregate Income

PurposeSociologists are discussing whether or not economic growth enhances subjective well‐being. To complement their research from a housing perspective, the purpose of this paper is to investigate whether aggregate income enhances dwelling satisfaction over time. While cross‐sectional studies have only examined the direct influence of income on dwelling satisfaction, this paper suggests that there are additional influences mediated by other social indicators.Design/methodology/approachBased on data from Germany, correlation and regression analyses examine the impacts of aggregate income and other social indicators on dwelling satisfaction. Path analysis is used to test for the existence of mediated relationships.FindingsThe paper finds that aggregate income positively influences dwelling satisfaction. Environmental satisfaction, customer satisfaction and satisfaction with family relations also positively impact dwelling satisfaction and mediate influences of aggregate income. The mediated effects are stronger than the direct effect of aggregate income on dwelling satisfaction.Research limitations/implicationsThe longitudinal availability of aggregate customer satisfaction data is still limited. Future research on dwelling satisfaction is encouraged to account for customer satisfaction and to reexamine the analyses of this study with future data.Practical implicationsStimulating economic growth is a good strategy to improve dwelling satisfaction. Policies improving the environment, family support and shopping opportunities are also effective.Originality/valueThis paper is original in that it examines the impacts of economic growth and customer satisfaction on dwelling satisfaction. While the extant literature has only analysed direct effects of income on dwelling satisfaction, this study also accounts for mediated effects.

Conflict Avoidance in Old Age

GeroPsych ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lia Oberhauser ◽  
Andreas B. Neubauer ◽  
Eva-Marie Kessler
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Conflict Avoidance ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Lifespan ◽  
Set Up

Abstract. Conflict avoidance increases across the adult lifespan. This cross-sectional study looks at conflict avoidance as part of a mechanism to regulate belongingness needs ( Sheldon, 2011 ). We assumed that older adults perceive more threats to their belongingness when they contemplate their future, and that they preventively react with avoidance coping. We set up a model predicting conflict avoidance that included perceptions of future nonbelonging, termed anticipated loneliness, and other predictors including sociodemographics, indicators of subjective well-being and perceived social support (N = 331, aged 40–87). Anticipated loneliness predicted conflict avoidance above all other predictors and partially mediated the age-association of conflict avoidance. Results suggest that belongingness regulation accounts may deepen our understanding of conflict avoidance in the second half of life.

The Unique Contribution of Positive Orientation to Optimal Functioning

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Alessandri ◽  
Gian Vittorio Caprara ◽  
John Tisak
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Critical Component ◽  
Positive Orientation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Common Mode ◽  
Optimal Functioning

Literature documents that the judgments people hold about themselves, their life, and their future are important ingredients of their psychological functioning and well-being, and are commonly related to each other. In this paper, results from a large cross-sectional sample (N = 1,331, 48% males) are presented attesting to the hypothesis that evaluations about oneself, one’s life, and one’s future rest on a common mode of viewing experiences named “Positive Orientation.” These results corroborate the utility of the new construct as a critical component of individuals’ well functioning.

scholarly journals Individual differences and changes in lifestyle behaviours predict decreased subjective well-being during COVID-19 restrictions in an Australian sample

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Brindal ◽  
Jillian C Ryan ◽  
Naomi Kakoschke ◽  
Sinead Golley ◽  
Ian T Zajac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Australian Sample

Abstract Background Due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, social distancing practices were introduced to curb infection rates in many countries. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of these restrictions on behaviours and well-being and whether individual differences predict changes in well-being. Methods Australian adults participated in a cross-sectional, online survey during May 2020. The survey captured demographic information; health behaviours; personality traits; life satisfaction and COVID-19-related attitudes, financial concerns, perceived risks and impacts. Results In total, 3745 (86.8% of 4313) participants completed all items. Participants were mostly female (85.7%) and 56.4 years (standard deviation [SD] = 12.6) on average. Over 95.0% of the sample indicated they had been social distancing or isolating. Health behaviours and well-being had generally worsened, with social connections being the most negatively affected. Life satisfaction was significantly lower since restrictions. For changes in life satisfaction, extroversion was a risk factor and openness to experience was a protective factor. Conclusions Overall, well-being was negatively impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and associated social distancing particularly in this sample containing mainly older women. In future, it will be crucial to understand why and who may be differentially affected, to encourage behaviours that are protective of well-being.

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