scholarly journals Mathematical Modeling of Heavy Metal Percolation in Lube-Oil Contaminated Soil: A Case Study of Epe Automobile Mechanic Village

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
O. Duduyemi ◽  
◽  
A.A. Moronkola ◽  
K.A. Adedeji
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Numerical Technique ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Governing Equations ◽  
Soil Columns ◽  
Transport And Transformation ◽  
Indiscriminate Disposal

Indiscriminate disposal of automobile lube-oil especially around mechanic workshops was evident by the inability of plants to grow in some batches of the operation environment. The relevance of certain heavy metals and their bio-toxic effect on man and the mechanisms of their biochemical activities were investigated. A mathematical model for the transport and transformation of solute contaminant through two cases of soil columns characteristics of clay and sandy from surface to the ground water was developed and the governing equations solved numerically by orthogonal numerical technique and simulated with computer algorithm. The result shows that at a depth of 20meter from the soil surface, the concentration decreases from about 0.075 kg/m3, while it decreased to about 0.01kg/m3. At a depth of about 90 meters from the surface, the concentration of lead remained the same at about 0.01 kg/m3. The major finding in the present study indicates that as time increases, the concentration of the lead increases. Also the higher the porosity of the soil the higher the concentration with time and as the depth increases, the concentration decreases. The analysis can help predict when the water table may become contaminated with leached heavy metals

Learn to Integrate Mathematical Models in Human Performance Modeling

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 776-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiqi Zhang ◽  
Changxu Wu
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Performance Modeling ◽  
Model Integration ◽  
Braking Performance ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Warning Response

The current paper provided a tutorial of the integration of mathematical models in human performance modeling. It introduced the unique features of mathematical modeling in human performance, and the steps in mathematical model integration, including how the literature of models was reviewed, how a research gap was identified, and how a mathematical model was developed and integrated based on existing models, and how a model was validated via an experimental study. A case study was presented by following each step to illustrate the integration of several existing models to derive a new model of drivers’ braking performance in warning response with its integration with the existing mathematical models of driver speed control in normal situations and the model of humans’ warning response time. This is the first tutorial work that provided a detailed explanation of the steps in mathematical model integration with a case study in human performance modeling. It could be used as guidance for human factors professionals to learn the mathematical modeling approaches and will benefit the field of human performance modeling.

The Emergence of Biomathematics and the Case of Population Dynamics A Revival of Mechanical Reductionism and Darwinism

1993 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 469-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio Israel
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Population Genetics ◽  
Mathematical Biology ◽  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Mathematical Theory ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Recent Trends

The ArgumentThe development of modern mathematical biology took place in the 1920s in three main directions: population dynamics, population genetics, and mathematical theory of epidemics. This paper focuses on the first trend which is considered the most significant. Modern mathematical theory of population dynamics is characterized by three aspects (the first two being in a somewhat critical relationship): the emergence of the mathematical modeling approach, the attempt at establishing it in a reductionist-mechanist conceptual framework, and the revival of Darwinism. The first section is devoted to the analysis of the concept of mathematical model and the second one presents an example of a mathematical model (Van der Pol's model of heartbeat) which is a good prototype of that concept. In section 3 the main trends of mathematization of biology and the cultural and scientific contexts in which they found their development are discussed. Sections 4 and 5 are devoted to the contributions of V. Volterra and A. J. Lotka, to the analysis of the differences of their scientific conceptions, and to a discussion of a case study: the priority dispute concerning the discovery of the Volterra-Lotka equations. The historical analysis developed in this paper is also intended to detect the roots of some recent trends of mathematization of biology.

scholarly journals The Art and Science of Modeling Decision-Making Under Severe Uncertainty

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moshe Sniedovich
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Case Analysis ◽  
Worst Case Analysis ◽  
Art And Science ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Severe Uncertainty ◽  
The Mathematical Model

For obvious reasons, models for decision-making under severe uncertainty are austere. Simply put, there is precious little to work with under these conditions. This fact highlights the great importance of utilizing in such cases the ingredients of the mathematical model to the fullest extent, which in turn brings under the spotlight the art of mathematical modeling. In this discussion we examine some of the subtle considerations that are called for in the mathematical modeling of decision-making under severe uncertainty in general, and worst-case analysis in particular. As a case study we discuss the lessons learnt on this front from the Info-Gap experience.

scholarly journals Managing urban wastewater to fight the pandemic of COVID-19 effectively

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-151
Author(s):  
Abdol Aziz Shahraki ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Future Trend ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Urban Wastewater ◽  
Statistical Procedures ◽  
The Future

The paper reveals the role of wastewaters in the spread of Coronavirus in cities and focuses on the need for collection, treatment, and management of wastewaters. While the focus of the fight against COVID-19 is on the production of vaccines, drugs and treatments, this article emphasizes the cleanliness of the environment with wastewater management. This paper is a novel work, since it presents a multi-side research concerning fighting against coronavirus through wastewater collection and treatment. Studies show that coronavirus exists in urban wastewaters and spread the COVID-19 everywhere. Coronavirus is attacking people globally and shrinking the economy. The question addressed by this paper is; will communities overcome the coronavirus without well-collected and treated wastewaters? The methods to achieve the goals are theoretical surveys, case study strategy, mathematical modeling, statistical procedures, forecasting the future, and discussions. A mathematical model will be built to calculate the number of deaths caused by the coronavirus with the help of registered statistics and predict the future trend of the disease pandemic in Iran. Since Coronavirus has been seen in wastewaters, results of this research demonstrate the need for carefully collected and treated wastewaters to overcome the coronavirus. This paper gives suitable techniques to treat wastewater as stabilization ponds, bacterial reactors, and anaerobic ponds. Concluding, this paper suggests indicators to select a wastewater treatment technique in every city, and its outcome will assist the global community in fighting the coronavirus more successfully.

scholarly journals Mathematical Modeling for Launch Vessel Operators at Internal Waterways Transportation in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
Tanzila Yeasmin Nilu ◽  
Hashnayne Ahmed ◽  
Shek Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Stochastic Optimization ◽  
Transportation System ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Stochastic Parameters ◽  
Trade Sector ◽  
Numerical Case Study ◽  
Over Time

Launch based water vessel transportation has been growing in Bangladesh as an easier and cheaper transportation system. The shipping liners are introducing more launches in different routes as the growing demands of passengers in spite of having much difficulties with respect to uncertainty. However, this trade sector is facing imbalance in terms of profits in several service categories but they have to fight with uncertainties, a common issue faced by the liner operators. In this paper, we develop a mathematical model for the launch vessel operators to compare the profit considering different scenarios which give a broad idea about meeting the customer's demand over time, and maximize their profit by considering different stochastic parameters. It is necessary to make decision about building launches as per demand categories, and also to maximize the profit. We show how scenario-based stochastic optimization could be applied in this perspective and discuss some solving techniques with modification as required. Finally, we conduct a numerical case study to evaluate the value of the stochastic scenario-based model over some uncertain issues according to the model. GUB JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, Vol 6(1), Dec 2019 P 46-53

Application of the method of mathematical modeling for forecasting channel deformations at the underwater crossing of the main pipeline

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 599-609
Author(s):  
Valery А. Gruzdev ◽  
◽  
Georgy V. Mosolov ◽  
Ekaterina A. Sabayda ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Roughness Coefficient ◽  
Computational Domain ◽  
Channel Deformations ◽  
Geological Surveys ◽  
Kuban River ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Protective Structures

In order to determine the possibility of using the method of mathematical modeling for making long-term forecasts of channel deformations of trunk line underwater crossing (TLUC) through water obstacles, a methodology for performing and analyzing the results of mathematical modeling of channel deformations in the TLUC zone across the Kuban River is considered. Within the framework of the work, the following tasks were solved: 1) the format and composition of the initial data necessary for mathematical modeling were determined; 2) the procedure for assigning the boundaries of the computational domain of the model was considered, the computational domain was broken down into the computational grid, the zoning of the computational domain was performed by the value of the roughness coefficient; 3) the analysis of the results of modeling the water flow was carried out without taking the bottom deformations into account, as well as modeling the bottom deformations, the specifics of the verification and calibration calculations were determined to build a reliable mathematical model; 4) considered the possibility of using the method of mathematical modeling to check the stability of the bottom in the area of TLUC in the presence of man-made dumping or protective structure. It has been established that modeling the flow hydraulics and structure of currents, making short-term forecasts of local high-altitude reshaping of the bottom, determining the tendencies of erosion and accumulation of sediments upstream and downstream of protective structures are applicable for predicting channel deformations in the zone of the TLUC. In all these cases, it is mandatory to have materials from engineering-hydro-meteorological and engineering-geological surveys in an amount sufficient to compile a reliable mathematical model.

Modelling and Simulation of NO2 Dispersion Phenomenon in Atmosphere by Analytical-Experimental Methods

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Delia Perju ◽  
Harieta Pirlea ◽  
Gabriela-Alina Brusturean ◽  
Dana Silaghi-Perju ◽  
Sorin Marinescu
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Modeling And Simulation ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Real Situation ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
The Mathematical Model

The European laws and recently the Romanian ones impose more and more strict norms to the large nitrogen dioxide polluters. They are obligated to continuously improve the installations and products so that they limit and reduce the nitrogen dioxide pollution, because it has negative effects on the human health and environment. In this paper are presented these researches made within a case study for the Timi�oara municipality, regarding the modeling and simulation of the nitrogen dioxide dispersion phenomenon coming from various sources in atmosphere with the help of analytical-experimental methods. The mathematical model resulting from these researches is accurately enough to describe the real situation. This was confirmed by comparing the results obtained based on the model with real experimental values.

On the displacements of the contours of the optic-electronic space images. Mathematical modeling of displacement

2017 ◽  
Vol 992 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.G. Voronin
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Space Images ◽  
Electronic Imaging ◽  
Measuring Accuracy ◽  
Physical Laws

The article opens a cycle of three consecutive publications dedicated to the phenomenon of the displacement of the same points in overlapping scans obtained adjacent CCD matrices with opto-electronic imagery. This phenomenon was noticed by other authors, but the proposed explanation for the origin of displacements and the resulting estimates are insufficient, and developed their solutions seem controversial from the point of view of recovery of the measuring accuracy of opticalelectronic space images, determined by the physical laws of their formation. In the first article the mathematical modeling of the expected displacements based on the design features of a scanning opto-electronic imaging equipment. It is shown that actual bias cannot be forecast, because they include additional terms, which may be gross, systematic and random values. The proposed algorithm for computing the most probable values of the additional displacement and ways to address some of the systematic components of these displacements in a mathematical model of optical-electronic remote sensing.

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