scholarly journals TAX REVENUE PERFORMANCE IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA COUNTRIES: ARE THERE EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FOR MACROECONOMIC VARIABLES?

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (Special) ◽  
pp. 69-81
Author(s):  
Nosakhare Arodoye ◽  
Dickson Oriakhi ◽  
Milton Iyoha
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Method Of Moments ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
Macroeconomic Variables ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Ssa Countries

This study, examines the dynamic effects of macroeconomic factors on the overall tax revenue performance of thirty-three (33) Sub-Saharan African countries for eighteen years that range from 2000-2017 employing the system generalized method of moments methodology. This study provides empirical evidence for the dynamic and significant effects of macroeconomic variables on tax revenue performance in SSA countries. Arising from our empirical findings, the study recommends that, on the average, governments of SSA countries should establish the necessary macroeconomic preconditions for the effective and efficient administration of the countries’ tax systems to further boost her taxable capacity and fiscal surpluses.

Effects of Unemployment on Crime in selected Sub-Sahara African countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
pp. 2061-2171
Author(s):  
Timbi Sézard ◽  
Ayang Eric ◽  
Toumpiguim Missa Daniel
Keyword(s):  
Method Of Moments ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Empirical Model ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Continent ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Ssa Countries

The objective of this study is to assess the effect of unemployment on crime in Sub-Saharan Africa. The main contribution of this study is in the enrichment of the literature on this phenomenon which is common throughout the African continent. The study covers 40 SSA countries and is based on the two-stage Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) inspired by the empirical model of Raphael and Winter-Ebmer (2001) between 1990 and 2018. Youth unemployment rate is found to have a positive and significant effect on the rate of murder in SSA countries.

scholarly journals Linkage between alcohol consumption and economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa: Linear effect, threshold effect, or both?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigue Tchoffo ◽  
Guivis Nkemgha
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Threshold Effect ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Sub Saharan

This paper contributes to the literature on the relationship between alcohol consumption and economic growth. Despite growing attention on the topic, existing studies have demonstrated the existence of a threshold beyond which alcohol consumption leads to disease, negatively influences professions such as driving and leads to death. However, the threshold literature has not yet explored the nonlinear relationship between alcohol consumption and economic growth. The per capita alcohol consumption expenditure is used to capture the alcohol variable. The empirical evidence is based on the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) and System Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) with a 32 sub-Saharan African countries dataset over the period 2000-2016. The empirical evidence indicates that alcohol consumption fosters economic growth in sub-Saharan African countries. Moreover, the results show that an alcohol consumption threshold exists below which greater alcohol consumption has beneficial effects on economic growth and above which the alcohol consumption has a perverse effect on economic growth. This result materializes the existence of an inverted U-shape (Laffer Curve of alcohol). Therefore, Sub-Saharan African countries must control the level of alcohol consumption of their citizens in order not only to protect them against alcohol diseases but also to ensure sustainable growth.

scholarly journals Remittances, ICT and doing business in Sub-Saharan Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simplice Asongu ◽  
Nicholas Biekpe ◽  
Vanessa Tchamyou
Keyword(s):  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Time To Build ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Ssa Countries

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine how linkages between information and communication technology (ICT) and remittances affect the doing of business. Design/methodology/approach The focus is on a panel of 49 Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries for the period 2000–2012. The empirical evidence is based on the generalized method of moments. Findings While the authors establish some appealing results in terms of net negative effects on constraints to the doing of business (i.e. time to start a business and time to pay taxes), some positive net effects are also apparent (i.e. number of start-up procedures, time to build a warehouse and time to register a property). The authors also establish ICT penetration thresholds at which the unconditional effect of remittances can be changed from positive to negative, notably: for the number of start-up procedures, an internet level of 9.00 penetration per 100 people is required, while for the time to build a warehouse, a mobile phone penetration level of 32.33 penetration per 100 people is essential. Practical and theoretical implications are discussed. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to assess linkages between ICT, remittances and doing business in SSA.

scholarly journals Deconstructing the Impact of Entrepreneurship on Income Inequality in Sub-Saharan Africa Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-284
Author(s):  
Jimoh S. Ogede
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The study examines the impacts of entrepreneurship on income inequality in a panel of 29 Sub-Saharan African countries spanning from 2004 to 2020. The paper employs a dynamic heterogeneous panel approach to differentiate between long-run and short-run impacts of entrepreneurship on income inequality. The findings establish a robust and direct nexus between entrepreneurial activities and income disparity. The results of the two entrepreneurial indicators are stable. Besides, the coefficient of the human capital is positive in the regression and statistically significant at a 5 percent significance level. The proxies for macroeconomic factors exhibit diverse signs and impact, which suggest a policy stimulus aimed at refining macroeconomic situations and also ignite prospects for households to increase their incomes.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF HUMAN CAPITAL ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN SOME SUB SAHARA AFRICAN COUNTRIES (SSA)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
AISHA AHMAD SAJOH
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Data Base ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Table Data ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: This research looked into debate on the possible impact of human capital on economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and considers two alternative measures of human capital: health and education. Methodology: The research used a dynamic model based on the system generalized method of moments (SGMM) and analysed a balanced panel data covering 35 countries from 1986–2018. The research used Microsoft excel to record all the data gotten from the world indicator data base from world bank, penn world table data base and CANA database. The analysis was presented in a tabular form. Findings: This study found that human capital has an overall positive and statistically significant impact on economic growth in the SSA region, although, democracy has a negative and statistically significant impact on economic growth in the region. This finding shows the importance of both measures of human capital and aligns with the argument in the literature that neither education nor health is a perfect substitute for the other as a measure of human capital. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy:Generally, the finding emphasised that both education and health measures of human capital are important, and that policymakers must consider the level of economic development while formulating policies that can enhance the impact of human capital on economic growth in the Sub-Saharan Africa region.

scholarly journals Clusters of sub-Saharan African countries based on sociobehavioural characteristics and associated HIV incidence

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aziza Merzouki ◽  
Janne Estill ◽  
Erol Orel ◽  
Kali Tal ◽  
Olivia Keiser
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Incidence ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Aggregated Data ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Ssa Countries

AbstractIntroductionHIV incidence varies widely between sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. This variation coincides with a substantial sociobehavioural heterogeneity, which complicates the design of effective interventions. In this study, we investigated how sociobehavioural heterogeneity in sub-Saharan Africa could account for the variance of HIV incidence between countries.MethodsWe analysed aggregated data, at the national-level, from the most recent Demographic and Health Surveys of 29 SSA countries [2010-2017], which included 594’644 persons (183’310 men and 411’334 women). We preselected 48 demographic, socio-economic, behavioural and HIV-related attributes to describe each country. We used Principal Component Analysis to visualize sociobehavioural similarity between countries, and to identify the variables that accounted for most sociobehavioural variance in SSA. We used hierarchical clustering to identify groups of countries with similar sociobehavioural profiles, and we compared the distribution of HIV incidence (estimates from UNAIDS) and sociobehavioural variables within each cluster.ResultsThe most important characteristics, which explained 69% of sociobehavioural variance across SSA among the variables we assessed were: religion; male circumcision; number of sexual partners; literacy; uptake of HIV testing; women’s empowerment; accepting attitude toward people living with HIV/AIDS; rurality; ART coverage; and, knowledge about AIDS. Our model revealed three groups of countries, each with characteristic sociobehavioural profiles. HIV incidence was mostly similar within each cluster and different between clusters (median(IQR); 0.5/1000(0.6/1000), 1.8/1000(1.3/1000) and 5.0/1000(4.2/1000)).

Developing a User-Based Decision-Aid Framework for Water Storage Systems in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Case of Blue Nile Basin in Ethiopia

2015 ◽  
Vol 01 (04) ◽  
pp. 1550012
Author(s):  
Stefanos Xenarios ◽  
Heracles Polatidis ◽  
Matthew McCartney ◽  
Attila Nemes
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Feasibility Studies ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Crop Modeling ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Promethee Ii ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Ssa Countries

The development of water storage schemes in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is considered a major aid for those regions with unequal water distribution, limited accessibility and anticipated climate change impacts. Great attention is given by many SSA countries to set up different water storage schemes that may improve rural and urban development on a national level. The funding for the water storage schemes is often derived from foreign agencies which conduct feasibility studies for the financing of potential investments. Often however, the feasibility studies rely on a single monetary criterion which may not identify the most appropriate water storage in each case. In addition, limited data availability in many SSA countries increases the difficulty of identifying the most suitable storage option. This paper develops a multicriteria framework for the integrated evaluation of water storage strategies in Sub-Saharan African countries. A set of economic, agronomic and opinion-based criteria are assessed through the PROMETHEE II outranking approach. The introduction of crop modeling complements the limited field data available in agronomic criteria and enhances the scientific rigor of the method. Ethiopia is adopted as a representative case of SSA countries where a diverse set of water storage options is currently under construction, often financed by foreign agencies.

scholarly journals Are Resource-Rich Countries More Attractive than Countries with Good Institutions to Foreign Direct Investors in Sub-Saharan Africa?

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Akhtaruzzaman ◽  
Shaohua Yang ◽  
Azizah Omar
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Standard Deviation Increase ◽  
Empirical Estimates ◽  
Resource Endowment ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Panel Fixed Effects ◽  
Ssa Countries

Africa is no longer behind in the race of acquiring global share of foreign direct investment (FDI) compared to other developing regions. This study uses FDI dataset of 27 sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries and examines what drives the recent trend of higher FDI flows to Africa. A variety of empirical techniques (e.g. cross-section OLS, panel fixed effects and dynamic GMM) are employed for identifying main drivers of FDI in African countries. The finding of this research suggests that resource endowment is the main driver attracting FDI to SSA countries. More specifically, empirical estimates suggest that a one-standard deviation increase in resource endowment in the SSA countries is associated with an increase in FDI ranging from 34% to 83%. Empirical result also suggests that between institutions and resource endowment, resource endowment is the most robust determinant of FDI in SSA countries.

scholarly journals Productive Government Expenditure and Economic Performance in sub-Saharan Africa: An Empirical Investigation

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Hammed Adetola Adefeso
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Dynamic Panel Data ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Generalised Method Of Moments ◽  
Productive Government Expenditure

Abstract This study examined the effect of government expenditure on its disaggregated level on economic growth in a sample of 20 sub-Saharan African Countries over the period of 1980-2010 in a dynamic panel data model. The result from Generalised Method of Moments (GMM) revealed an inverse relationship between productive government expenditure and economic growth in sub-Sahara Africa. Also, productive government expenditures were not actually productive most especially when financed by non-distortonary government tax revenue in sub-Saharan African countries. The study concluded that the productive government expenditure and its corresponding source of the mode of financing were counterproductive for economic performance in the African countries.

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