Music Therapy and Mindfulness: Treating Women with Addiction in a Therapeutic Community

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Stephanie Miller
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Developmentally Appropriate ◽  
Developing Brain ◽  
Neural Organization ◽  
Right Hemisphere Damage ◽  
Functional Consequences ◽  
Neurological Insult

Studies examining song functioning in childhood are of particular importance when devising developmentally appropriate evidence-based Music Therapy (MT) interventions during recovery from brain injury. In comparison to adult studies where neural organization may be well defined, the neural organization of song in the developing brain has been comparatively under-researched. This includes functional consequences following neurological insult. This case study documents a 5 year-old female with typically developing language and verbal memory that suffered a severe traumatic brain injury. Despite extensive right hemisphere damage, her recognition and memory of previously well-learned (familiar) songs was preserved. New learning and retention of unfamiliar songs with lyrics was also observed and was not predicted based on adult models of melodic learning. Findings suggest that the song system in childhood is a neurologically significant, robust system not easily disrupted following extensive brain injury, and caution against assuming adult models of music organisation in the developing brain.  Keywords: music therapy, mindfulness, substance use, recovery                      multilingual abstract | mmd.iammonline.com 

Preservation of Singing Functioning in a 5 Year-Old Following Severe Right-Sided Traumatic Brain Injury: Insights into the Neurological Resilience of Song from Pediatric Music Therapy

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Ellen C. Gentle ◽  
Melinda Barker ◽  
Janeen Bower
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Developmentally Appropriate ◽  
Developing Brain ◽  
Neural Organization ◽  
Functional Consequences ◽  
Neurological Insult

Studies examining song functioning in childhood are of particular importance when devising developmentally appropriate evidence-based Music Therapy (MT) interventions during recovery from brain injury. In comparison to adult studies where neural organization may be well defined, the neural organization of song in the developing brain has been under-researched. This includes functional consequences following neurological insult. This case study documents a 5 year-old female with typically developing language and verbal memory that suffered a severe traumatic brain injury. Despite extensive right hemisphere damage, her recognition and memory of previously well-learned (familiar) songs was preserved. New learning and retention of unfamiliar songs with lyrics was also observed and was not predicted based on adult models of melodic learning. Findings suggest that the song system in childhood is a neurologically significant, robust system not easily disrupted following extensive brain injury, and caution against assuming adult models of music organisation in the developing brain.

scholarly journals A Preliminary DTI Tractography Study of Developmental Neuroplasticity 5–15 Years After Early Childhood Traumatic Brain Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth A. Wilde ◽  
Ilirjana Hyseni ◽  
Hannah M. Lindsey ◽  
Jessica Faber ◽  
James M. McHenry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Developmental Plasticity ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Perforant Pathway ◽  
Dti Tractography

Plasticity is often implicated as a reparative mechanism when addressing structural and functional brain development in young children following traumatic brain injury (TBI); however, conventional imaging methods may not capture the complexities of post-trauma development. The present study examined the cingulum bundles and perforant pathways using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in 21 children and adolescents (ages 10–18 years) 5–15 years after sustaining early childhood TBI in comparison with 19 demographically-matched typically-developing children. Verbal memory and executive functioning were also evaluated and analyzed in relation to DTI metrics. Beyond the expected direction of quantitative DTI metrics in the TBI group, we also found qualitative differences in the streamline density of both pathways generated from DTI tractography in over half of those with early TBI. These children exhibited hypertrophic cingulum bundles relative to the comparison group, and the number of tract streamlines negatively correlated with age at injury, particularly in the late-developing anterior regions of the cingulum; however, streamline density did not relate to executive functioning. Although streamline density of the perforant pathway was not related to age at injury, streamline density of the left perforant pathway was significantly and positively related to verbal memory scores in those with TBI, and a moderate effect size was found in the right hemisphere. DTI tractography may provide insight into developmental plasticity in children post-injury. While traditional DTI metrics demonstrate expected relations to cognitive performance in group-based analyses, altered growth is reflected in the white matter structures themselves in some children several years post-injury. Whether this plasticity is adaptive or maladaptive, and whether the alterations are structure-specific, warrants further investigation.

Alternative brain organization after prenatal cerebral injury: Convergent fMRI and cognitive data

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 604-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOAN STILES ◽  
PAMELA MOSES ◽  
KATHERINE ROE ◽  
NATACHA A. AKSHOOMOFF ◽  
DORIS TRAUNER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Cerebral Injury ◽  
Behavioral Data ◽  
Brain Organization ◽  
Functional Sites ◽  
Neural Organization ◽  
Focal Brain Injury ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Activation Data

The current study presents both longitudinal behavioral data and functional activation data documenting the effects of early focal brain injury on the development of spatial analytic processing in two children, one with prenatal left hemisphere (LH) injury and one with right hemisphere (RH) injury. A substantial body of evidence has shown that adults and children with early, lateralized brain injury show evidence of spatial analytic deficits. LH injury compromises the ability to encode the parts of a spatial pattern, while RH injury impairs pattern integration. The two children described in this report show patterns of deficit consistent with the site of their injury. In the current study, their longitudinal behavioral data spanning the age range from preschool to adolescence are presented in conjunction with data from a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study of spatial processing. The activation results provide evidence that alternative profiles of neural organization can arise following early focal brain injury, and document where in the brain spatial functions are carried out when regions that normally mediate them are damaged. In addition, the coupling of the activation with the behavioral data allows us to go beyond the simple mapping of functional sites, to ask questions about how those sites may have come to mediate the spatial functions. (JINS, 2003, 9, 604–622.)

Post-stroke acute elation shortly followed by pathologic jealousy - is there a common anatomic substrate?

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 374-374
Author(s):  
B. Coutinho ◽  
J. Pinho ◽  
Á. Machado
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Homonymous Hemianopsia ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Cortical Infarction ◽  
Right Hemisphere Damage

Both mania and psychotic symptoms are well known to result from vascular brain injury, but their pathophysiology remains largely unknown.A 69-year-old man with diabetes and hypertension was seen for sudden behaviour disturbance: euphoric, talkative and uninhibited, he continuously shouted he trusted in Medicine, called the doctor the “King of Medicine”, and repeatedly said “I love doctors, I love nurses, I love Hospitals”. He was overcompliant during neurologic exploration, clearly amused with it. Left sensitive hemi-inattention and left homonymous hemianópsia could also be found. MRI showed an acute right temporo-parieto-insular cortical infarction. The following day he was euthymic and embarrassed for what happened. When visited that afternoon by his wife, she noticed he was strangely suspicious, continuously surveilling all her moves. He progressively worsened, believing she was having affairs with several men. This delusion persisted for the following months, even on risperidone 1 mg/day, culminating in Christmas Eve, when the patient shocked his family saying that his wife was having an affair with one of their sons. At this time, risperidone was discontinued and replaced by quetiapine 200 mg/day, resulting in rapid fading of all symptoms.Both post-stroke mania and psychotic symptoms have been consistently associated with right hemisphere damage, but, to our knowledge, were not previously reported after the same injury. We believe our patient provides evidence that the same anatomic dysfunction, in this case a temporoparietal infarct, can cause both psychiatric phenomena.

Verbal comprehension deficits after right hemisphere damage

1980 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel B. Hier ◽  
Joni Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Sentence Comprehension ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Vocabulary Test ◽  
Verbal Comprehension ◽  
Visuospatial Deficits ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Right Hemisphere Damage ◽  
The Right ◽  
Grammatical Sentence

ABSTRACTWe have compared the verbal comprehension abilities of 34 right hemisphere damaged patients to 16 hospitalized control subjects of comparable age and educational attainment. The right hemisphere damaged patients performed as well as the control subjects on a vocabulary test, but were impaired in their ability to interpret proverbs and comprehend logico-grammatical sentences. Impairment on the proverbs test was the result of a decrease in the number of abstract interpretations, whereas impairment on the logico-grammatical sentence comprehension test was related to difficultes in grasping spatial and passive relationships. These comprehension impairments tended to correlate with visuospatial deficits and hemianopia, but not with the degree of hemiparesis or the presence of sensory extinction. Patients with anterior right hemisphere damage performed better on the logico-grammatical sentence conprehension test than patients with posterior damage. A variety of factors probably contribute to these verbal deficits including impaired intellect, inattention, an inability to grasp spatial relationships, and difficulties in manipulating the inner schemata of language.

Unwanted reflex-like saccades in visual extinction patients

1999 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 683-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Fanini ◽  
Carlo Alberto Marzi
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Reaction Time Task ◽  
Time Task ◽  
Right Hemisphere Damage ◽  
Visual Extinction ◽  
Manual Reaction Time

We studied patients with left visual extinction following right hemisphere damage in a simple manual reaction time task using brief visual stimuli. With unilateral lateralized stimuli the patients showed a high proportion of unwanted, reflex-like saccades to either side of stimulation. In contrast, with bilateral stimuli there was an overall decrease in the proportion of unwanted saccades, and the vast majority of them were directed toward the ipsilesional side. The implications of these results for the Findlay & Walker model are discussed.

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