scholarly journals Education of Parents of Epilepsy Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5 (293)) ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
Tatjana Dudarevič ◽  
Zyta Kuzborska
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Sick Child ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
General Information ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Nursing Training

Epilepsy is a many-sided disease that manifests itself as seizures of various kinds and origin, which can start at any age, often in childhood. The nursing, training and treatment of a sick child have serious implications for the whole family. The most significant factor becomes the ability of a nurse to impart existing professional knowledge to a patient and his or her family and to teach about disease control measures. More informed patients and their families feel more in control of their illness than less informed patients and their relatives. People with epilepsy and the general public lack general information about the condition, knowledge about care and how to deliver it, and access to services. Educating loved ones is a key tool in disease control and prevention.The research was conducted in October and November of 2019 in one of the city hospitals in Vilnius. The analysis of questionnaire data before the training revealed that parents whose children suffer from epilepsy have lack of information about the disease. The questionnaire data after the training showed that parents acquired more knowledge and the results improved. The majority of parents whose children suffer from epilepsy is well informed about the disease. However, they have a lack of knowledge in relation to the factors provoking epileptic seizures. Besides, they are not aware when it is necessary to call the ambulance and when to use first aid medicines. The parents are interested in innovations related to epilepsy, treatment and care of a sick child. All the parents have a need to gain knowledge about the disease. The comparison of parents’ awareness of the disease before and after the training showed that parents had learnt to provide aid correctly during seizures. The training was effective.

scholarly journals THU0642-HPR EVOLUTION OF THE PERCEPTIONS OF RA PATIENTS AFTER EDUCATION PATIENT SESSION TEACHING METHOTREXATE SELF-INJECTION A PROSPECTIVE PILOT STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 566.1-566
Author(s):  
S. Afilal ◽  
H. Rkain ◽  
B. Berchane ◽  
J. Moulay Berkchi ◽  
S. Fellous ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Patient Education ◽  
Median Duration ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Education Session ◽  
Prospective Pilot Study ◽  
Mean Delay ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Before And After

Background:Methotrexate is a gold standard for treatment of RA. In our context, RA patients prefer to be injected by paramedics rather than self-injecting. This can be explained by patients’ bad perceptions of self-injection or lack of information. Appropriate self-injection education can therefore be an important element in overcoming these obstacles and improving disease self-management.Objectives:Compare the RA patients’ perceptions on methotrexate self-injection before and after a patient education session.Methods:Prospective pilot study that included 27 consecutive patients (81.5% female, mean age 44.4 years, illiteracy rate 40.7%) with RA (median duration of progression of 4 years, mean delay in referral for specialist of 6 months, median duration of methotrexate use of 1 year). The patients benefited from an individual patient education session to learn how to self-inject with methotrexate subcutaneously. The patient education session was supervised by a nurse and a rheumatologist with a control a week later. Perceptions of the reluctance to self-inject and the difficulties encountered by patients were assessed before the patient education session, after the 1st and 2nd self-injection of methotrexate using a 10 mm visual analog scale. Patients also reported their level of satisfaction (10 mm VAS) after the 1st and 2nd self-injection.Results:The mean duration of patient education session is 13 min.Table I compares the evolution of the degrees of reluctance to self-injection, the difficulties encountered, and the satisfaction experienced by the patients.Table 1.Evolution of RA patients’ perceptions on the methotrexate self-injection. (N = 27)BeforeAfter the 1stself-injectionAfter the 2end self-injectionpVAS reluctance (0-10mm)6,5 ± 3,62,2 ± 2,91,0 ± 2,3<0,0001VAS difficulty (0-10mm)7,5 ± 2,62,5 ± 2,71,0 ± 1,9<0,0001VAS satisfaction (0-10mm)-8,9 ± 1,89,5 ± 1,50,002Conclusion:This study suggests the effectiveness of a methotrexate self-injection patient education session in RA patients. It also highlights the value of patient education in rheumatologic care. A large-scale study is necessary to better interpret and complete these preliminary results from this pilot study.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Reduction in mobility and COVID-19 transmission

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Nouvellet ◽  
Sangeeta Bhatia ◽  
Anne Cori ◽  
Kylie E. C. Ainslie ◽  
Marc Baguelin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Mobility Data ◽  
Strict Control ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Proxy Measure ◽  
Lower Transmission ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractIn response to the COVID-19 pandemic, countries have sought to control SARS-CoV-2 transmission by restricting population movement through social distancing interventions, thus reducing the number of contacts. Mobility data represent an important proxy measure of social distancing, and here, we characterise the relationship between transmission and mobility for 52 countries around the world. Transmission significantly decreased with the initial reduction in mobility in 73% of the countries analysed, but we found evidence of decoupling of transmission and mobility following the relaxation of strict control measures for 80% of countries. For the majority of countries, mobility explained a substantial proportion of the variation in transmissibility (median adjusted R-squared: 48%, interquartile range - IQR - across countries [27–77%]). Where a change in the relationship occurred, predictive ability decreased after the relaxation; from a median adjusted R-squared of 74% (IQR across countries [49–91%]) pre-relaxation, to a median adjusted R-squared of 30% (IQR across countries [12–48%]) post-relaxation. In countries with a clear relationship between mobility and transmission both before and after strict control measures were relaxed, mobility was associated with lower transmission rates after control measures were relaxed indicating that the beneficial effects of ongoing social distancing behaviours were substantial.

scholarly journals Evaluating the effectiveness of measures to control the novel coronavirus disease 2019 in Jilin Province, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinglong Zhao ◽  
Yao Wang ◽  
Meng Yang ◽  
Meina Li ◽  
Zeyu Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Asymptomatic Infection ◽  
Jilin Province ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
First Case ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Based on differences in populations and prevention and control measures, the spread of new coronary pneumonia in different countries and regions also differs. This study aimed to calculate the transmissibility of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and to evaluate the effectiveness of measures to control the disease in Jilin Province, China. Methods The data of reported COVID-19 cases were collected, including imported and local cases from Jilin Province as of March 14, 2019. A Susceptible–Exposed–Infectious–Asymptomatic–Recovered/Removed (SEIAR) model was developed to fit the data, and the effective reproduction number (Reff) was calculated at different stages in the province. Finally, the effectiveness of the measures was assessed. Results A total of 97 COVID-19 infections were reported in Jilin Province, among which 45 were imported infections (including one asymptomatic infection) and 52 were local infections (including three asymptomatic infections). The model fit the reported data well (R2 = 0.593, P < 0.001). The Reff of COVID-19 before and after February 1, 2020 was 1.64 and 0.05, respectively. Without the intervention taken on February 1, 2020, the predicted cases would have reached a peak of 177,011 on October 22, 2020 (284 days from the first case). The projected number of cases until the end of the outbreak (on October 9, 2021) would have been 17,129,367, with a total attack rate of 63.66%. Based on the comparison between the predicted incidence of the model and the actual incidence, the comprehensive intervention measures implemented in Jilin Province on February 1 reduced the incidence of cases by 99.99%. Therefore, according to the current measures and implementation efforts, Jilin Province can achieve good control of the virus’s spread. Conclusions COVID-19 has a moderate transmissibility in Jilin Province, China. The interventions implemented in the province had proven effective; increasing social distancing and a rapid response by the prevention and control system will help control the spread of the disease.

scholarly journals Resilience and vulnerability of maternity services in Zimbabwe: a comparative analysis of the effect of Covid-19 and lockdown control measures on maternal and perinatal outcomes, a single-centre cross-sectional study at Mpilo Central Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Shakespeare ◽  
Handsome Dube ◽  
Sikhangezile Moyo ◽  
Solwayo Ngwenya
Keyword(s):  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Central Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternity Services ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mpilo Central Hospital

Abstract Background On the 27th of March 2020 the Zimbabwean government declared the Covid-19 pandemic a ‘national disaster’. Travel restrictions and emergency regulations have had significant impacts on maternity services, including resource stock-outs, and closure of antenatal clinics during the lockdown period. Estimates of the indirect impact of Covid-19 on maternal and perinatal mortality was expected it to be considerable, but little data was yet available. This study aimed to examine the impact of Covid-19 and lockdown control measures on non-Covid outcomes in a government tertiary level maternity unit in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, by comparing maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality before, and after the lockdown was implemented. Methods This was a retrospective, observational study, using a cross-sectional design to compare routine monthly maternal and perinatal statistics three months before and after Covid-19 emergency measures were implemented at Mpilo Central Hospital. Results Between January-March and April-June 2020, the mean monthly deliveries reduced from 747.3 (SD ± 61.3) in the first quarter of 2020 to 681.0 (SD ± 17.6) during lockdown, but this was not statistically significant, p = 0.20. The Caesarean section rates fell from a mean of 29.8% (SD ± 1.7) versus 28.0% (SD ± 1.7), which was also not statistically significant, p = 0.18. During lockdown, the percentage of women delivering at Mpilo Central Hospital who were booked at the hospital fell from a mean of 41.6% (SD ± 1.1) to 35.8% (SD ± 4.3) which was statistically significant, p = 0.03. There was no significant change, however, in maternal mortality or severe maternal morbidity (such as post-partum haemorrhage (PPH), uterine rupture, and severe preeclampsia/eclampsia), stillbirth rate or special care baby unit admission. There was an increase in the mean total number of early neonatal deaths (ENND) (mean 18.7 (SD ± 2.9) versus 24.0 (SD ± 4.6), but this was not statistically significant, p = 0.32. Conclusions Overall, maternity services at Mpilo showed resilience during the lockdown period, with no significant change in maternal and perinatal adverse outcomes, with the same number of man-hours worked before and during the lockdown Maternal and perinatal outcomes should continue to be monitored to assess the impact of Covid-19 and the lockdown measures as the pandemic in Zimbabwe unfolds. Further studies would be beneficial to explore women’s experiences and understand how bookings and deliveries at local clinics changed during this time.

scholarly journals STMO-07 Adverse events related to the glioblastoma surgery and their perioperative management in our hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. ii10-ii10
Author(s):  
Hideki Kashiwagi ◽  
Shinji Kawabata ◽  
Seigo Kimura ◽  
Ryokichi Yagi ◽  
Naokado Ikeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Perioperative Management ◽  
Perioperative Complications ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Residual Tumor ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Tumor Localization ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Background: The standard treatment for glioblastoma is surgical resection following chemoradiation therapy. The rate of removal or the amount of residual tumor has some impact on the prognosis of patients with glioblastoma, but the highly invasive nature of this tumor makes complete removal limited to the contrast-enhanced lesions difficult due to its localization. Furthermore, when postoperative seizures and venous thrombosis are included in surgery-related complications, these perioperative adverse events can cause delays in the initiation of chemoradiotherapy and delay the return to work and home, such as prolonged hospitalization and rehabilitation time. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the perioperative status of the recent 50 consecutive cases with histologically confirmed as glioblastoma at our hospital, the patient background, tumor localization, and perioperative treatment, and so on. Results: The major perioperative complications were ischemic or hemorrhagic complications, epileptic seizures, venous thrombosis, and pneumonia; CTCAE grade 2 or higher, grade 3 or higher, and grade 4 occurred in about 40%, 20%, and 10%, respectively, with some patients having multiple complications. Discussion: Although there was a tendency for ischemic changes around the cavity of the resection as the resection rate increased, most cases were asymptomatic and it seemed to be acceptable if residual brain function could be preserved. Residual tumors tended to show hemorrhagic changes and epileptic seizures because this is thought to be that the tumor was deliberately left in place to preserve function, based on the localization of the tumor. Postoperative FDP levels were useful in predicting the development of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary artery thromboembolism. Conclusion: Because glioblastoma has short survival time and patient PS before and after surgery varies greatly depending on tumor localization, it is important to consider risk-benefit strategies for each case and to establish a scheme for a seamless transition from perioperative management to the introduction of postoperative therapy and maintenance therapy.

scholarly journals COVID-19 in South Korea: Proper timing for Easing Mask mandates after COVID-19 Vaccination

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yun-Jung Kang
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Proper Timing ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
And Control

Abstract As of 25 July 2021, the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency reported 1,422 new COVID-19 cases, 188,848 total cases, and 2.073 total deaths (1.10% fatality rates). Since the first SARS-CoV-2 case was reported, efforts to find a treatment and vaccine against COVID-19 have been widespread. Four vaccines are on the WHO’s emergency use listing and are approved of their usage; BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, AZD1222, and Ad26.COV2.S. Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 need at least 14 days to achieve effectiveness. Thus, people should abide by prevention and control measures, including wearing masks, washing hands, and social distancing. However, a lot of new cases were reported after vaccinations, as many people did not follow the prevention control measures before the end of the 14 days period. There is no doubt we need to break free from mask mandates. But let us not decide the timing in haste. Even if the mask mandates are eased, they should be changed depending on the number of reported cases, vaccinations, as well as prevention and control measures on how circumstances are changing under the influence of mutant coronavirus.

scholarly journals Toward a Country-Based Prediction Model of COVID-19 Infections and Deaths Between Disease Apex and End: Evidence From Countries With Contained Numbers of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianshu Gu ◽  
Lishi Wang ◽  
Ning Xie ◽  
Xia Meng ◽  
Zhijun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Data ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Actual Number ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Us ◽  
Multiple Regression Models ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Using Data ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Relationship

The complexity of COVID-19 and variations in control measures and containment efforts in different countries have caused difficulties in the prediction and modeling of the COVID-19 pandemic. We attempted to predict the scale of the latter half of the pandemic based on real data using the ratio between the early and latter halves from countries where the pandemic is largely over. We collected daily pandemic data from China, South Korea, and Switzerland and subtracted the ratio of pandemic days before and after the disease apex day of COVID-19. We obtained the ratio of pandemic data and created multiple regression models for the relationship between before and after the apex day. We then tested our models using data from the first wave of the disease from 14 countries in Europe and the US. We then tested the models using data from these countries from the entire pandemic up to March 30, 2021. Results indicate that the actual number of cases from these countries during the first wave mostly fall in the predicted ranges of liniar regression, excepting Spain and Russia. Similarly, the actual deaths in these countries mostly fall into the range of predicted data. Using the accumulated data up to the day of apex and total accumulated data up to March 30, 2021, the data of case numbers in these countries are falling into the range of predicted data, except for data from Brazil. The actual number of deaths in all the countries are at or below the predicted data. In conclusion, a linear regression model built with real data from countries or regions from early pandemics can predict pandemic scales of the countries where the pandemics occur late. Such a prediction with a high degree of accuracy provides valuable information for governments and the public.

scholarly journals Awareness of COVID-19 Before and After Quarantine Based on Crowdsourced Data From Rabigh City, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional and Comparative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mai Aldhahri ◽  
Rana Alghamdi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
And Control

Background: Infection prevention and control measures are critical for the prevention of the spread of COVID-19.Aim: In this study, we aimed to measure and evaluate the level of awareness and knowledge of the prevention, symptoms, and transmission control of COVID-19 before and after quarantine among the residents of Rabigh city and adjacent villages in Saudi Arabia.Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in two stages: the first stage took place before quarantine and the second stage took place after quarantine. The survey was filled out electronically.Results: A total of 448 participants responded and filled out the questionnaires. Females (73.70%) formed the largest number of participants for both stages. The majority of the participants were &lt;30 years old (50.90%) and had a high education level in various sectors and levels (97.1%). It was noticeable that during the first stage, the participants' awareness of COVID-19 symptoms was not very high: 13.62% did not know about the symptoms. However, by the second stage, awareness about symptoms had increased (9.6%).Conclusion: The residents of Rabigh city and the surrounding villages had good levels of knowledge about COVID-19.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan Tentang Menstruasi Terhadap Kesiapan Psikologis Dalam Menghadapi Menarche Pada Remaja Putri Prapubertas Di SD Gugus V Mengwi

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Gusti Ayu Pramita Aswitami
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Class V ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Face

Background: Menarche is the first menstruation out in young women. Menarche occurs in young women who have entered the puberty phase. Often young women are not ready to face menarche, this is due to a lack of information about menstruation and preparations that must be done in the face of menstruation. With conditions that are not ready, young women often feel anxious and fearful, thus disrupting psychology and hindering daily activities. To prepare young women in the face of menarche, it is necessary to provide information correctly and right before teenage poetry enters puberty, the prepubertal period. This information can be provided through health education. through health education, young women are better prepared and not anxious and afraid when experiencing menarche. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of health education on menstruation on psychological readiness in the face of menarche in prepubertal adolescent girls in SD Gugus V Mengwi. Method: This research is a quasy-experimental study, the design of the research used is the Pre-test and Post-test One Group Design that is looking at the differences before and after the intervention. Samples taken were 79 class V students who had not experienced menarche at the SD Gugus V Mengwi V.The sampling technique is total sampling. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. Statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon Match Pairs Test. Results : this study indicate that there is an influence of health education about menstruation on psychological readiness in the face of menarche in prepubertal girls in the Gwi Cluster V Elementary School. Conclusion: It is suggested to young women to increase their knowledge, awareness, and concern for the health of their reproductive functions, especially in the face of menarche after being given health education about menarche so that good readiness can be achieved when facing menarche.

Further studies on epidemiological factors influencing control of banana bunchy top disease and evaluation of control measures by computer simulation

1987 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 373
Author(s):  
RN Allen
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Control Disease ◽  
Banana Leaves ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Apparently Healthy

The basic infection rate of bunchy top disease in established bananas averaged 0.0342 new infections per infectious plant per day, but varied seasonally with a maximum in summer. The mean distance of spread for the aphid vector was 15.2 m. The latent period was 59.8 days and correlated with the time required for the growth of 3.7 new banana leaves. A microcomputer program was written to simulate spread of banana bunchy top disease in space and time. In the absence of disease control, disease spread from an initial primary infection in July or January to 124 or 153 infected plants, respectively, in one year. When disease control was maintained by removing diseased plants whenever the number of infected plants exceeded a given threshold, the numbers of diseased plants detected each inspection were positively correlated with the infection threshold, but the numbers of inspections required to maintain control increased markedly as the infection threshold was decreased. A practice of removing apparently healthy plants within 5 m of plants detected with bunchy top disease symptoms in five or more leaves was found to locate about 30% of the remaining undetected infected plants when disease was first detected in a plantation. However, its use as a routine control measure was ineffective in reducing the number of inspections required to maintain control or in reducing the risk of disease spreading to adjoining plantations. Removal of apparently healthy plants within 5 m had some bearing on disease control when applied around plants with disease symptoms in two leaves or less, but also caused a significant loss of healthy plants.

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