Patient’s perspective and awareness of materials used in dentistry

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sajid ◽  
Asfia Saeed ◽  
Yousaf Athar ◽  
Sohrab Khan ◽  
Usman Anwer Bhatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Materials ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Evidence Based Dentistry

Abstract Objective: To assess patients’ knowledge and attitude towards different dental materials used in private and public dental facilities in an urban setting. Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Islamabad Dental and Medical College, Islamabad, Pakistan, from February to July 2019, and comprised individuals at private dental clinics and teaching hospitals. Data was collected using a pre-validated structured questionnaire that recorded socio-demographic information as well as patients’ perception on evidence-based dentistry using visual analogue, trust on the dentist, quality of materials and the source of information. Data was analysed using SPSS 21. Results: Of the 269 participants, 151(56.1%) were females with a mean age of 33.87±12.63 years, and 118(43.9%) were males with a mean age of 33.28±13.71 years. Overall, 208(77.3%) respondents were in favour of using materials with long-term scientific data; 201(74.7%) recognised a difference in quality of materials used at private clinics and teaching hospitals; 128(63.7%) believed that poor quality materials were used in teaching hospitals; 229(85%) trusted their dentists for using high-quality materials; and 108(40%) identified dentists as the source of information. There was a significant relationship between patient’s education level and realising the importance of using dental materials supported by scientific evidence (p?0.01). Conclusion: Majority of subjects believed that poor quality materials were used in teaching hospitals compared to private dental facilities. Key Words: Patient-centred care, Evidence-based dentistry, Continuous...

scholarly journals Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine for Hypertension

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Wang ◽  
Xingjiang Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Tai Chi ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Primary Endpoints ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Public Health Challenge

Hypertension is an important worldwide public -health challenge with high mortality and disability. Due to the limitations and concerns with current available hypertension treatments, many hypertensive patients, especially in Asia, have turned to Chinese medicine (CM). Although hypertension is not a CM term, physicians who practice CM in China attempt to treat the disease using CM principles. A variety of approaches for treating hypertension have been taken in CM. For seeking the best evidence of CM in making decisions for hypertensive patients, a number of clinical studies have been conducted in China, which has paved the evidence-based way. After literature searching and analyzing, it appeared that CM was effective for hypertension in clinical use, such as Chinese herbal medicine, acupuncture, moxibustion, cupping, qigong, and Tai Chi. However, due to the poor quality of primary studies, clinical evidence is still weak. The potential benefits and safety of CM for hypertension still need to be confirmed in the future with well-designed RCTs of more persuasive primary endpoints and high-quality SRs. Evidence-based Chinese medicine for hypertension still has a long way to go.

scholarly journals Methods for evaluating the quality of information on health websites: Systematic Review (2001-2014)

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 994-1056
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Paolucci ◽  
André Pereira Neto
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Quality Of Information ◽  
Information Updating

The Internet is a major source of health information, but the poor quality of the information has been criticized for decades. We looked at methods for assessing the quality of health information, updating the findings of the first systematic review from 2002. We searched 9 Health Sciences, Information Sciences, and multidisciplinary databases for studies. We identified 7,718 studies and included 299. Annual publications increased from 9 (2001) to 53 (2013), with 89% from developed countries. We identified 20 areas of knowledge. Six tools have been used worldwide, but 43% of the studies did not use any of them. The methodological framework of criteria from the first review has been the same. The authors were the evaluators in 80% of the studies. This field of evaluation is expanding. No instrument simultaneously covers the evaluation criteria. There is still a need for a methodology involving experts and users and evidence-based indicators of accuracy.

The Relationship Between Evidence-Based Practices and Emergency Department Managers’ Perceptions on Quality of Care for Self-Harm Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-292
Author(s):  
Amaya H. Diana ◽  
Mark Olfson ◽  
Sara Wiesel Cullen ◽  
Steven C. Marcus
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Health Staff ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Mental Health Staff ◽  
Evidence Based Practices ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Self Harm

OBJECTIVE: To understand the extent to which implementation of evidence-based practices affects emergency department (ED) nurse managers’ perceptions of quality of care provided to deliberate self-harm patients. METHODS: ED nursing leadership from a nationally representative sample of 513 hospitals completed a survey on the ED management of deliberate self-harm patients, including the quality of care for deliberate self-harm patients on a 1 to 5 point Likert-type scale. Unadjusted and adjusted analyses, controlling for relevant hospital characteristics, examined associations between the provision of evidence-based practices and quality of care. RESULTS: The overall mean quality rating was 3.09. Adjusted quality ratings were higher for EDs that routinely engaged in discharge planning (β = 0.488) and safety planning (β = 0.736) processes. Ratings were also higher for hospitals with higher levels of mental health staff (β = 0.368) and for teaching hospitals (β = 0.319). CONCLUSION: Preliminary findings suggest a national institutional readiness for further implementation of evidence-based practices for deliberate self-harm patients.

scholarly journals Contemporary Approach to the Porosity of Dental Materials and Methods of Its Measurement

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 8903
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Sarna-Boś ◽  
Kamil Skic ◽  
Jarosław Sobieszczański ◽  
Patrycja Boguta ◽  
Renata Chałas
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
The Body ◽  
Void Space ◽  
Measurement Signal ◽  
Thermal And Electrical Properties ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Contemporary Approach

Porosity is an important parameter for characterizing the microstructure of solids that corresponds to the volume of the void space, which may contain fluid or air, over the total volume of the material. Many materials of natural and technically manufactured origin have a large number of voids in their internal structure, relatively small in size, compared to the characteristic dimensions of the body itself. Thus, porosity is an important feature of industrial materials, but also of biological ones. The porous structure affects a number of material properties, such as sorption capacity, as well as mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties. Porosity of materials is an important factor in research on biomaterials. The most popular materials used to rebuild damaged tooth tissues are composites and ceramics, whilst titanium alloys are used in the production of implants that replace the tooth root. Research indicates that the most comprehensive approach to examining such materials should involve an analysis using several complementary methods covering the widest possible range of pore sizes. In addition to the constantly observed increase in the resolution capabilities of devices, the development of computational models and algorithms improving the quality of the measurement signal remains a big challenge.

scholarly journals Welfare and biosecurity standards for dairy cow and pig farms: Cattle and swine rearing conditions

2009 ◽  
Vol 63 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 369-379
Author(s):  
Slavca Hristov ◽  
Branislav Stankovic ◽  
Tihomir Petrujkic
Keyword(s):  
Essential Elements ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Swine Farms ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Microclimate Conditions ◽  
Stable Surfaces

In this paper the essential elements concerning cattle and swine rearing and growing conditions were given in order to establish welfare and biosecurity standards. These elements were formed according to detailed annual investigations on 11 cattle and 5 swine farms and include relevant spatial, microclimate and hygienic conditions. In order to establish welfare standards, certain spatial conditions have higher importance, such as correct construction and maintenance of beds, pens and yards, and type and quality of materials used to build beds and walls. It is necessary to enable movement of animals in stables and yards as basic physiological and ethologic needs, according to latest scientific data. Also, optimal temperature, relative humidity and air velocity insuring have to be considered, as well as quality ventilation in order to establish and preserve optimal microclimate conditions. Also, it must be pointed out that hygiene maintenance of stable surfaces and animal bodies on a regular bases is essential. Basic principles and criteria for welfare level assessment are given in this paper. According to results obtained in previous investigations, special attention is given to possibilities to correct rearing and growing conditions in cattle and swine farms in our country. .

scholarly journals Evaluating the quality of educational materials about schizophrenia

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 96-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Currie ◽  
P. Di Mambro ◽  
A. Joice ◽  
R. Mcglip ◽  
M. O'Neill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Educational Materials ◽  
Educational Package ◽  
Rating Instrument ◽  
Materials Used

Aims and MethodTo identify and evaluate the reliability and quality of educational materials provided to individuals with schizophrenia and their carers. Materials used by mental health professionals working in community and in-patient settings were collated. Two independent raters used the ‘Discern’ questionnaire to assess the publications.ResultsFifteen documents were identified, but only 11 were suitable for evaluation. Interrater reliability of ratings using the Discern tool was highly significant. No educational package scored maximum marks, but four scored in the good quality range. About a fifth of the materials in widespread use were assessed as of poor quality.Clinical ImplicationsThe use of a rating instrument to assess the quality of educational publications appears to be a reliable and acceptable way to identify the strengths and weaknesses of widely available materials. Staff can use these data to assess the quality of their preferred materials against other publications and make an informed selection.

scholarly journals Regulatory framework in Pakistan: situation analysis of medicine quality and future recommendations

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huma Rasheed ◽  
Ludwig Hoellein ◽  
Khalid Saeed Bukhari ◽  
Ulrike Holzgrabe
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
World Health ◽  
Falsified Medicines ◽  
Medicine Quality

Abstract Background Quality issues in pharmaceuticals are identified as a huge global and public health problem, especially with reference to low- and middle-income countries like Pakistan. The 2011 “Fake Drug Crisis” acted as a driving force to reform the regulatory structures of the country and for establishing the autonomous “Drug Regulatory Authority of Pakistan”. Despite the fact that Pakistan possesses a huge pharmaceutical industry, there is a severe dearth of published literature and scientific evidence for the country regarding medicine quality and the prevalence of counterfeit and low-quality products, respectively. Aims and objectives This narrative review covers relevant features of the regulatory framework for pharmaceuticals in Pakistan, its national pharmaceutical industry, as well as a compilation and analysis of published literature for documentation of the country’s situation regarding the overall quality of medicines. Methods Available data including scientific publications on the quality of pharmaceuticals in peer reviewed journals, research reports, notifications, and alerts issued by the World Health Organization and other agencies were accessed and compiled. Post graduate dissertations were used to represent unpublished research data and drug safety alerts issued from the local Pakistan authority were analysed to assess the type and number of quality failures reported for pharmaceuticals. Results It could be clearly shown that there is negligible scientific data available on the issue of medicine quality in Pakistan. The anticipated number of 40–50% of poor-quality drugs in Pakistan cannot be defended by data available from the literature. Accessible technologies and strategies used in recent years at global level, especially in developing countries, were also reviewed and recommendations are devised for Pakistan to combat the fight against poor-quality medicines. Conclusion The case reports, investigations, and general data listed for Pakistan suggest the need of strengthening regulatory systems for premises and GMP inspections, analytical laboratories, as well as an overall capacity building in the field of unravelling and controlling substandard and falsified medicines. It is proposed that well-planned and properly funded studies need to be carried out for collecting critical statistics regarding the prevalence of substandard and falsified medicines in Pakistan.

Misophonia: An Evidence-Based Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 685-690
Author(s):  
C. S. Vanaja ◽  
Miriam Soni Abigail
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Case History ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Management Option ◽  
Pure Tone Audiogram

Purpose Misophonia is a sound tolerance disorder condition in certain sounds that trigger intense emotional or physiological responses. While some persons may experience misophonia, a few patients suffer from misophonia. However, there is a dearth of literature on audiological assessment and management of persons with misophonia. The purpose of this report is to discuss the assessment of misophonia and highlight the management option that helped a patient with misophonia. Method A case study of a 26-year-old woman with the complaint of decreased tolerance to specific sounds affecting quality of life is reported. Audiological assessment differentiated misophonia from hyperacusis. Management included retraining counseling as well as desensitization and habituation therapy based on the principles described by P. J. Jastreboff and Jastreboff (2014). A misophonia questionnaire was administered at regular intervals to monitor the effectiveness of therapy. Results A detailed case history and audiological evaluations including pure-tone audiogram and Johnson Hyperacusis Index revealed the presence of misophonia. The patient benefitted from intervention, and the scores of the misophonia questionnaire indicated a decrease in the severity of the problem. Conclusions It is important to differentially diagnose misophonia and hyperacusis in persons with sound tolerance disorders. Retraining counseling as well as desensitization and habituation therapy can help patients who suffer from misophonia.

Coaching Teachers to Enhance the Implementation Quality of Evidence-Based Programs

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly D. Becker ◽  
Dana Darney ◽  
Celene Domitrovich ◽  
Catherine Bradshaw ◽  
Nicholas S. Ialongo
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Based ◽  
Implementation Quality ◽  
Quality Of Evidence ◽  
Evidence Based Programs
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