scholarly journals Pneumoperitoneum in the Newborn: Is Surgical Intervention Always Indicated?

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul Gupta ◽  
Shyam Bihari Sharma ◽  
Priyanka Golash ◽  
Ritesh Yadav ◽  
Dhawal Gandhi
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Emergency Laparotomy ◽  
Hollow Viscus ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Surgical Emergency ◽  
Normal Neonate

Pneumoperitoneum in the neonate generally is an acute surgical emergency, which has grave implications, and immediate surgical intervention is needed to ensure survival. The most common cause is a perforated hollow viscus. However, there are causes that cannot be attributed to this etiology, constituting what has been called non-surgical, asymptomatic, benign, misleading, spontaneous or idiopathic pneumoperitoneum. Knowledge of this entity and its likely aetiological factors should improve awareness and possibly reduce the imperative to perform an unnecessary emergency laparotomy on an otherwise normal neonate with an unexplained pneumoperitoneum.

scholarly journals Pneumothorax Causing Pneumoperitoneum: Role of Surgical Intervention

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Fernanda Duarte ◽  
Jessica Wentling ◽  
Humayun Anjum ◽  
Joseph Varon ◽  
Salim Surani
Keyword(s):  
Diaphragmatic Hernia ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Exploratory Laparotomy ◽  
Diaphragmatic Defect ◽  
Hollow Viscus ◽  
Common Cause

The most common cause of a pneumoperitoneum is a perforation of a hollow viscus and the treatment is an exploratory laparotomy; nevertheless, not all pneumoperitoneums are due to a perforation and not all of them need surgical intervention. We hereby present a case of pneumoperitoneum due to a diaphragmatic defect, which allowed air from a pneumothorax to escape through the diaphragmatic hernia into the abdominal cavity.

scholarly journals A case report: spontaneous postpartum rupture of unscarred uterus

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 3420
Author(s):  
Swati Singh ◽  
Ravinder Ahlawat
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Emergency Laparotomy ◽  
Full Thickness ◽  
Uterine Incision ◽  
History Of ◽  
Rupture Of Uterus ◽  
Specific Symptoms

Rupture of uterus is characterized by a breach in the wall of the uterus involving its full thickness. An unscarred uterus rupture is uncommon. It has non-specific symptoms and presentation differs according to site and time of rupture. Authors report an unusual case of spontaneous rupture of unscarred uterus. A 32-year-old, pregnant woman, developed postpartum bleeding with no history of prior uterine incision. She was diagnosed as a case of rupture of uterus and emergency laparotomy was done. Early diagnosis and immediate surgical intervention may significantly improve the prognosis. Differential diagnosis of uterine rupture should always be kept in mind in all patients with or without risk factors.

scholarly journals Tension pneumoperitoneum: innovative decompression of this general surgical emergency

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Alun E. Jones ◽  
Dean Godfrey ◽  
Guy F. Nash
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Emergency Laparotomy ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Surgical Emergency ◽  
Tension Pneumoperitoneum ◽  
Needle Decompression

We describe the novel use of a cannula in decompressing a large tension pneumoperitoneum secondary to perforated sigmoid diverticulum, in which the patient did not subsequently require an emergency laparotomy. Needle decompression was successfully used as part of a conservative regimen, thus avoiding potentially high-risk surgery.

Pseudoaneurysm of subclavian artery – atypical presentation

1998 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 1095-1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Gupta ◽  
P. C. Gupta ◽  
Raman Abrol ◽  
S. B. S. Mann
Keyword(s):  
Subclavian Artery ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Atypical Presentation ◽  
Surgical Emergency

AbstractWe present a rare case of pseudoaneurysm of right subclavian artery who presented with supraclavicular mass. Injury of the subclavian artery causing pseudoaneurysm is a serious surgical emergency and a surgical intervention is indicated.

scholarly journals Reversal of Degenerative Changes in Cervical Spine Following Bipolar Release in a Neglected Case of Congenital Muscular Torticollis: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-92
Author(s):  
Nima Derakhshan ◽  
◽  
Arefe Rahimikhorrami ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Degenerative Changes ◽  
Congenital Muscular Torticollis ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Good Cosmetic ◽  
Physical Therapies ◽  
Spine Degeneration ◽  
Muscular Torticollis

Background & Importance: Congenital Muscular Torticollis (CMT) is a common cause of torticollis in children. Despite the easy diagnosis, rare cases may be neglected and untreated during the management of the patients, which can not only impose cosmetic problems for them but also affect the cervical spine with accelerated degeneration. Most patients with CMT can be managed non-surgically with medical and physical therapies but surgery is indicated in some cases when non-surgical attempts are unsuccessful. Case Presentation: Herein, we are reporting a 16-year-old female with neglected CMT, and neck pain secondary to severe degenerative changes. We believe that neglected and untreated CMT cases may present with accelerated spine degeneration and surgical intervention should be considered promptly to reverse this process. Conclusion: Surgical intervention not only produces good cosmetic results but also reverses the degeneration process and protects the patient from disabling deformities later in life.

scholarly journals Uncommon etiology of a common presentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 585
Author(s):  
Akila Venkatkrishnan ◽  
Suresh Chelliah ◽  
Meganathan Pachamuthu ◽  
Sathia Dev Jayabalan
Keyword(s):  
Bowel Obstruction ◽  
Severity Score ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Documented Case ◽  
Common Presentation

Intussusception is the most common cause of bowel obstruction in infants. The authors present a rare case of intussusception in a SARS-CoV-2 positive infant, and a severity score of 5 on HRCT. This is the first documented case of survival in SARS-CoV-2 patient where intussusception was the primary manifestation, which required surgical intervention.  

scholarly journals STUDY IN PAEDIATRIC AGE GROUP UNDERGOING EMERGENCY LAPAROTOMY : OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Akash KR. Gupta ◽  
Manoj KR Das ◽  
Marshal D Kerketta
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Acute Abdomen ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Acute Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Emergency Laparotomy ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Colonic Atresia ◽  
Paediatric Age ◽  
Perforation Peritonitis

INTRODUCTION: Acute abdomen can be defined as “syndrome included by wide variety of pathological conditions that require emergent medical or more often surgical management.” Acute abdomen is caused due to gastrointestinal diseases such as intestinal obstruction and perforation peritonitis. AIM: The aim of our study was to observe the common cause in paediatric age group undergoing emergency laprotomy in our institutions. MATERIAL AND METHODS:This prospective study included 77children aged below or equal to 15years, underwent emergency laprotomy for acute intestinal conditions between January 2019 to December 2019 in RIMS,RANCHI. We excluded neonates ,patients of jejunoileal colonic atresia and stenosis, anorectal malformation(ARM), congenital pouch colon, neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC), hirschprung’s disease, gastrointestinal tumor. RESULTS: Total of 77 laprotomies were performed in emergency in children below or equal to 15 years age,59(76.62% ) were boys and 18(23.37% )were girls with male:female ratio of 3.2:1. 36(46.75%) cases were done for acute intestinal obstruction and 41(53.24%) cases were done for perforation peritonitis.20(25.97%)emergency laprotomy was performed in the age group 1-5 years and 57(74.02% ) were performed in the age group 5-15 years. Causes in order of frequency for intestinal obstruction were intussusceptions, post operative band/adhesion, abdominal tb obstruction, meckel’s diverticulum and worm obstruction. Causes in order of frequency for perforation peritonitis were typhoid, abdominal tb, appendicular perforation and abdominal trauma. CONCLUSION: In our study maximum emergency laprotomy was performed in male patients with male:female ratio of 3.2:1. Perforation peritonitis was more common than acute intestinal obstruction. 5-15 year age group were more commonly affected. Typhoid ileal perforation was the most common cause for emergency laprotomy followed by intussusception.

scholarly journals Mechanical Duodenal Perforation Due to Complications of Pancreatic Pseudocysts

Reports ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Jayan George ◽  
Chrysoula Fysaraki ◽  
Heather J. Harris ◽  
Krishnamurthy Ravi ◽  
Timothy J. White
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Pancreatic Pseudocysts ◽  
Duodenal Perforation ◽  
Gallstone Pancreatitis ◽  
Hollow Viscus ◽  
Emergency Surgical Intervention

Pancreatic pseudocysts are a known complication of pancreatitis. There are a multitude of complications which have been described in relation to pancreatic pseudocysts. Perforation of a gastrointestinal hollow viscus is rare but has previously been reported. We report a case of a 72-year-old female with the development of three pancreatic pseudocysts four weeks post gallstone pancreatitis. The patient deteriorated and was found to have a duodenal perforation due to compression forces from the underlying pseudocysts. The patient required emergency surgical intervention and recovered fully following hospital admission.

scholarly journals Multiple VHL-related hemangioblastomas and holocord syrinx: identifying the causative lesion. Illustrative case

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Armin Mortazavi ◽  
Diana Nwokoye ◽  
David T. Asuzu ◽  
Gretchen Scott ◽  
Panagiotis Mastorakos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Illustrative Case ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Von Hippel Lindau ◽  
Treatment Plans ◽  
Vhl Disease ◽  
Common Manifestation

BACKGROUND Brainstem and spinal cord hemangioblastomas are a common manifestation of von Hippel–Lindau (VHL) disease. Cysts and associated syringes are the most common cause of significant morbidity in these patients. Surgical treatment of symptomatic hemangioblastomas are often complicated by the presence of multiple potential lesions, leading to cyst and syrinx formation. OBSERVATIONS The authors present a case of a patient with multiple VHL-related hemangioblastomas who presented with syringobulbia and holocord syrinx. Resection of two cyst wall hemangioblastomas and one cervical hemangioblastoma only transiently improved syringobulbia. Eventual resolution of syringobulbia and collapse of the holocord syrinx only occurred following removal of a large lower thoracic hemangioblastoma. LESSONS Surgical management of hemangioblastomas and associated cysts in patients with VHL should only target lesions most likely contributing to neurological deficits as excess surgical intervention risks treatment-related morbidity. The authors illustrate how anatomical and pathophysiological considerations as well as patient symptoms are key to identifying target lesions for resection and developing deliberate treatment plans.

A rare case of acute abdomen: spontaneous rupture of degenerated fibroid

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. e238010
Author(s):  
Nidhi Goswami ◽  
Aderemi Alalade
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Acute Abdomen ◽  
Spontaneous Rupture ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Fluid Collection ◽  
Emergency Laparotomy ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Large Uterus

A 29-year-old nulliparous woman presented with an acute abdomen. She had a large uterus with multiple fibroids and was on the waiting list for elective surgery. An urgent CT scan demonstrated an extensive intraperitoneal fluid collection suspicious for fibroid rupture. She required an emergency laparotomy which identified a rupture of the largest degenerative fibroid. There was 2 Litres of pus in the peritoneal cavity. This case was a rare presentation of spontaneous fibroid rupture due to degeneration and necrosis, and acute abdomen from peritoneal irritation. Imaging was vital in making the diagnosis, and urgent surgical intervention was essential to reduce morbidity and mortality.

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