scholarly journals PERENCANAAN WAKTU PROYEK PEMBANGUNAN GEDUNG KAMPUS I UKI TORAJA DENGAN PRIMAVERA PROJECT PLANNER

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-325
Author(s):  
Parea Russan Rangan
Keyword(s):  
Network Planning ◽  
Time Schedule ◽  
Early Start ◽  
Project Planner ◽  
Late Start

Penjadwalan untuk proyek diawali dengan identifikasi aktivitas dan perhitungan volume pekerjaan berdasarkan data primer dan sekunder. Langkah berikutnya adalah melakukan perhitungan durasi berdasarkan koefisien Standar Nasional Indonesia Tentang Analisa Biaya Pekerjaan Konstruksi. Pengolahan data dengan program Primavera Project Planer versi 3.0 yang mempermudah proses monitoring dan controlling serta mempercepat proses updating selama pelaksanaan dilapangan. Output hasil perencanaan adalah berupa tampilan grafis Barchart & Time schedule yang memperlihatkan aktivitas pekerjaan dalam diagram batang. Schedule Report, yang terdiri dari early start-early finish, late start-late finish. Jaringan Kerja (Network planning) memperlihatkan hubungan saling ketergantungan antar aktivitas pekerjaan yang dihubungkan oleh anak panah dalam kurun waktu kerja yang diprediksikan secara otomatis dengan lebih jelas berikut jalur kritis untuk dimonitor sehingga tidak terjadi keterlambatan. Dengan bantuan program komputer diperoleh hasil waktu pelaksanaan pekerjaan selama 1005 hari dengan penggunaan tenaga kerja sesuai yang tersedia di lapangan.

scholarly journals Effect of Four Approaches to Oral Feeding Progression on Clinical Outcomes in Preterm Infants

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita H. Pickler ◽  
Barbara A. Reyna ◽  
Paul A. Wetzel ◽  
Mary Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Oral Feeding ◽  
Early Start ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Postmenstrual Age ◽  
Infant Neurodevelopment ◽  
Rapid Transition ◽  
Late Start ◽  
Length Of Hospitalization

Background. The purpose of this study of preterm infants was to test the effect of four approaches to the time of transition from gavage to full oral feedings, time to discharge, and weight gain during the transition.Methods. A randomized experimental design was used with four intervention groups: early start (32 weeks’ postmenstrual age)/slow progressing experience (gradually increasing oral feedings offered per day); early start/maximum experience (oral feedings offered at every feeding opportunity); late start (34 weeks’ postmenstrual age)/slow progressing experience; and late start/maximum experience.Results. The analysis included 86 preterm infants. Once oral feedings were initiated, infants in the late start/maximum experience group achieved full oral feeding and were discharged to home significantly sooner than infants in either early start group. Although not significantly different, these infants also achieved these outcomes sooner than infants in the late start/slow progressing experience group. There were no differences in weight gain across groups.Conclusions. Results suggest starting oral feedings later in preterm infants may result in more rapid transition to full oral feedings and discharge although not at early postnatal ages. Provision of a more consistent approach to oral feeding may support infant neurodevelopment and reduce length of hospitalization.

scholarly journals Modeling the effect of enzyme replacement therapy on life-threatening complications in patients with Fabry disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
V. I. Ignatyeva ◽  
S. V. Moiseev ◽  
N. M. Bulanov ◽  
E. A. Karovajkina ◽  
A S. Moiseev
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Replacement Therapy ◽  
Fabry Disease ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Early Start ◽  
Enzyme Replacement ◽  
Congenital Deficiency ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Late Start ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Lysosome Storage Disease

Fabry disease (FD) is a severe lysosome storage disease caused by congenital deficiency of the enzyme α-galactosidase A and characterized by the risk of renal failure combined with cardiovascular and CNS complications. According to the currently available information, the early start of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) leads to a significant improvement in patient’s condition.The aim of the studyis to assess whether the timely ERT prevents severe FD complications and to calculate the number of prevented cases as depending on the time of ERT start.Materials and methods. The proposed model is based on the published results on patients with FD, receiving agalsidase alpha as ERT (no data for agalsidase beta was found). The expected number of cases with life-threatening complications was calculated for different starting timepoints and durations of the ERT.Results. In patients with FD, continuous ERT during five years reduces the number of serious cardiovascular and renal complications by 25%. An early start of ERT makes it possible to additionally (as compared with a late start) prevent the complications in more than 20% of cases.Conclusion. The early initiation of RPT in patients with FD can significantly reduce the occurrence of severe lifethreatening complications, increase the patients’ survival and improve their quality of life. 

scholarly journals Effect of Timing of Dialysis Commencement on Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Planned Initiation of Peritoneal Dialysis in the Ideal Trial

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 595-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Johnson ◽  
Muh Geot Wong ◽  
Bruce A. Cooper ◽  
Pauline Branley ◽  
Liliana Bulfone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Residual Renal Function ◽  
Early Initiation ◽  
Dialysis Initiation ◽  
Early Start ◽  
Initiation Of Dialysis ◽  
Late Initiation ◽  
Late Start ◽  
The Ideal

♦ BackgroundSince the mid-1990s, early dialysis initiation has dramatically increased in many countries. The Initiating Dialysis Early and Late (IDEAL) study demonstrated that, compared with late initiation, planned early initiation of dialysis was associated with comparable clinical outcomes and increased health care costs. Because residual renal function is a key determinant of outcome and is better preserved with peritoneal dialysis (PD), the present pre-specified subgroup analysis of the IDEAL trial examined the effects of early- compared with late-start dialysis on clinical outcomes in patients whose planned therapy at the time of randomization was PD.♦ MethodsAdults with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 10 – 15 mL/min/1.73 m2who planned to be treated with PD were randomly allocated to commence dialysis at an eGFR of 10 – 14 mL/min/1.73 m2(early start) or 5 – 7 mL/min/1.73 m2(late start). The primary outcome was all-cause mortality.♦ ResultsOf the 828 IDEAL trial participants, 466 (56%) planned to commence PD and were randomized to early start ( n = 233) or late start ( n = 233). The median times from randomization to dialysis initiation were, respectively, 2.03 months [interquartile range (IQR):1.67 – 2.30 months] and 7.83 months (IQR: 5.83 – 8.83 months). Death occurred in 102 early-start patients and 96 late-start patients [hazard ratio: 1.04; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.79 – 1.37]. No differences in composite cardiovascular events, composite infectious deaths, or dialysis-associated complications were observed between the groups. Peritonitis rates were 0.73 episodes (95% CI: 0.65 – 0.82 episodes) per patient–year in the early-start group and 0.69 episodes (95% CI: 0.61 – 0.78 episodes) per patient–year in the late-start group (incidence rate ratio: 1.19; 95% CI: 0.86 – 1.65; p = 0.29). The proportion of patients planning to commence PD who actually initiated dialysis with PD was higher in the early-start group (80% vs 70%, p = 0.01).♦ ConclusionEarly initiation of dialysis in patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease who planned to be treated with PD was associated with clinical outcomes comparable to those seen with late dialysis initiation. Compared with early-start patients, late-start patients who had chosen PD as their planned dialysis modality were less likely to commence on PD.

scholarly journals Analisis Penjadwalan Pembangunan Intake Bendungan Karalloe Paket II Kabupaten Gowa dengan Metode PERT

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-98
Author(s):  
Gita Wulandari Silo ◽  
Josefine E Latupeirissa ◽  
Ari Kusuma
Keyword(s):  
Network Planning ◽  
Time Schedule

Perencanaan waktu yang baik sangat dibutuhkan dalam penjadwalan proyek agar dapat dipastikan bahwa perencanaan proyek yang ditetapkan dapat tercapai dengan kesalahan paling kecil namun dengan hasil maksimal dengan mendayagunakan apa yang ada. Sebab itu, periode menjadi salah satu hal penting selain biaya untuk menyelesaikan suatu proyek. Jaringan kerja atau Network Planning adalah suatu cara manajemen dalam perencanaan serta pengendalian suatu proyek, yang menyajiakn jangka waktu pekerjaan suatu aktivitas dan waktu proyek serta menunjukkan keterkaitan masing-masing pekerjaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan modeI PERT (Evaluasi Program dan Teknik Pengulasan). ModeI PERT adaIah cara yang mempunyai tujuan untuk memprediksi berapa Iama sebuah proyek serta menghitung perkiraan kemungkinan waktu yang digunakan. DaIam menghitung besar te (time expectted) dari modeI PERT, membutuhkan informasi a (kejadian optimistic), b (kejadian pesimistik), m (kejadian yang sangat memugkinkan ada). Penelitian dilapangan berguna untuk menghasilkan time schedule. Dengan durasi perhitungan cara PERT, didapatkan durasi pembangunan Bendungan Karalloe Paket II Kabupaten Gowa menggunakan cara PERT. Dari Time Schedule kontraktor didapatkan waktu membangun bendungan sekitar 120 minggu. Pada perhitungan metode PERT didapatkan durasi paling cepat dapat diselesaikan selama 88 Minggu, paling lambat diselesaikan selama 151 Minggu dan paling mungkin diselesaikan selama 128 Minggu.

scholarly journals Effects of a Translational Community-Based Multimodal Exercise Program on Quality of Life and the Influence of Start Delay on Physical Function and Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Pilot Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Paul Foley ◽  
Scott Michael Hasson ◽  
Eydie Kendall
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Early Start ◽  
Late Start ◽  
Oncologic Treatment

The purpose of this investigation was 2-fold: (1) to investigate the effects of a translational 12-week community-based multimodal exercise program on quality of life (QoL) in breast cancer survivors (BCS) and (2) to examine the influence of a start delay on physical function and QoL in BCS. Fifty-two female BCS completed a 12-week program consisting of 90-minute supervised exercise sessions at a frequency of 2 supervised sessions per week. Exercise sessions consisted of three 30-minute components: (1) aerobic conditioning, (2) resistance exercise training, and (3) balance and flexibility training. Significant ( P < .05) improvements in QoL were identified post-program completion. Cohort stratification comparison between the early start (<1 year since completion of oncologic treatment) and late start (>1 year since completion of oncologic treatment) revealed no significant ( P > .05) differences between the early start and late start groups on improvements in physical function. Regarding the influence of start delay on QoL, the early start group showed significant ( P < .05) improvement in emotional well-being. No other significant differences in improvement in QoL were detected between the early start and late start groups. Regardless of start delay, meaningful improvements in physical function and QoL were found after completing the community-based multimodal exercise program. Early participation in community-based exercise programming may benefit BCS’ emotional well-being compared to later participation.

The Initiating Dialysis Early and Late (Ideal) Study: Study Rationale and Design

2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Bruce A. Cooper ◽  
Pauline Branley ◽  
Liliana Bulfone ◽  
John F. Collins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Early Start ◽  
Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Ideal Study ◽  
Late Start ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Ideal

Objectives The primary objective of the IDEAL study is to determine whether the timing of dialysis initiation has an effect on survival in subjects with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The secondary objectives are to determine the impact of “early start” versus “late start” dialysis on nutritional and cardiac morbidity, quality of life, and economic cost. Design Prospective multicenter randomized controlled trial. Patients are randomized to commence dialysis at a glomerular filtration rate (by Cockcroft–Gault) of either 10 – 14 mL/minute/1.73 m2 (“early start”) or 5 – 7 mL/min/1.73 m2 (“late start”), with stratification for dialysis modality (hemodialysis vs peritoneal dialysis), study center, and the presence or not of diabetes mellitus. Setting Dialysis units throughout Australia and New Zealand. Patients Patients with ESRD commencing chronic dialysis therapy. Outcome Measures Three years from randomization, all-cause mortality, morbidity, and economic impact; structural and functional cardiac status, nutritional state, and quality of life will be assessed. Results To date, 388 patients of a minimum 800 patients have been entered and randomized into the study. Current recruitment rates suggest sufficient patients will be enrolled by December 2004 and follow-up completed by December 2007. Conclusions The IDEAL study will provide evidence for the optimal time to commence dialysis.

Nutritional State Correlates with Renal Function at the Start of Dialysis

2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce A. Cooper ◽  
Alireza Aslani ◽  
Murielle Ryan ◽  
Lloyd S. Ibels ◽  
Carol A. Pollock
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Creatinine Clearance ◽  
Demographic Variable ◽  
Nutritional State ◽  
Tertiary Referral Hospital ◽  
Early Start ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Late Start

← Objective To determine the effect of renal function at the commencement of dialysis on nutritional state. ← Design Retrospective cohort study. ← Setting University tertiary referral hospital. ← Patients Patients with end-stage renal disease commencing renal replacement therapy over 8.5 years. ← Main Outcome Measures Total body nitrogen assessment using in vivo neutron activation analysis, expressed as nitrogen index (NI = observed total body nitrogen/predicted total body nitrogen); serum albumin measurement and creatinine clearance estimation, using the Cockcroft– Gault equation, at the start of dialysis. “Early” start group = creatinine clearance > 10 mL/minute ( n = 26). “Late” start group = creatinine clearance ≤ 10 mL/min ( n = 108). ← Results Mean NI was significantly lower [95% confidence interval (CI) 6% – 30%, p < 0.0001] in the late start group (NI = 88%) compared to the early start group (NI = 106%). The late start group also had a significantly lower (95% CI 0.06 – 0.47 g/dL, p = 0.02) mean serum albumin level (3.66 g/dL) compared to that of the early start group (3.93 g/dL)A. positive independent correlation existed between renal function and total body nitrogen ( r2 = 0.21, p < 0.0001). No other clinical or demographic variable at the start of dialysis was found to predict nutritional state. ← Conclusions Patients that start dialysis with low levels of renal function are likely to be significantly malnourished. Whether this translates into a survival advantage requires prospective study.

scholarly journals The Relationship of School Start Times, Sleep Duration and Mental Health among a Representative Sample of High School Students in Colorado, 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5708
Author(s):  
Lucas M. Neuroth ◽  
Ming Ma ◽  
Ashley Brooks-Russell ◽  
Motao Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
School Students ◽  
Start Time ◽  
Early Start ◽  
Student Mental Health ◽  
School Start Times ◽  
Late Start

This cross-sectional study utilized responses from 46,537 students enrolled in grades 9 through 12 in 166 high schools across the state of Colorado via the 2019 Healthy Kids Colorado Survey to: (1) quantify the association between high school start times and student sleep duration and (2) investigate the associations between school start times and student mental health. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were used to investigate associations between school start times and self-reported demographic, sleep, and mental health factors. Survey-weighted multivariate regression modeling was used to investigate associations between school start times, sleep duration, and mental health. Schools with late start times (≥8:30 a.m.) saw 32.2% (95% Confidence Interval: 29.5–35.0) of students sleeping 8 h or more relative to 23.2% (22.0–24.4) in schools with very early start times (<8:00 a.m.). For every 15 min later school start time, students’ sleep duration was 4.6 (3.4–5.9) min longer. Students attending schools with very early start times had 1.10 (0.95–1.27) times the odds of attempting suicide compared to those attending schools with later start times, while students at schools with early starts (8:00–8:29 a.m.) were associated with 1.11 (0.98–1.27) times the odds. Schools with later school start times had a statistically significantly higher proportion of students sleeping 8+ hours. Schools with start times before 8:30 a.m. had 10–11% higher odds of students attempting suicide compared to schools with late start times, though these differences were not statistically significant. Student mental health should continue to be investigated when assessing the potential impacts of delayed school start times.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENGENDALIAN WAKTU DAN BIAYA PADA PROYEK PENINGKATAN JALAN DENGAN METODE CPM DAN PERT

Heuristic ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Nyoman Lokajaya
Keyword(s):  
Network Planning ◽  
Time Schedule

Tujuan dari studi ini adalah (1) Mendapatkan rencana waktu penyelesaian  pelaksanaan proyek, (2) Mendapatkan durasi optimal pelaksanaan proyek, (3) Mendapatkan total biaya pelakasanaan proyek. Setelah dilakukan analisis, didapatkan bahwa (1) Rencana waktu penyelesaian  pelaksanaan proyek 275 hari, (2) Waktu penyelesaian proyek sesuai rekayasa ulang Netwok Planning dengan metode CPM dan PERT, didapatkan waktu penyelesaian proyek 252 hari, dengan percepatan waktu terhadap Time Schedule original sebesar 23 hari,  (3) Hasil rekayasa ulang terhadap Network Planning dengan metode PERT  dihasilkan durasi optimal berdasarkan durasi (te) 252 hari, dengan rincian biaya upah tenaga percepatan  Rp 51.262.500,00, Penghematan gaji karyawan dan biaya operasional sebesar Rp 50.715.000,00 sehingga selisih biaya percepatan 23 hari dan penghematannya sebesar Rp 547.500. Biaya total berdasarkan waktu optimal dari 275 hari sebesar Rp 24.972.450.794,11 menjadi 252 hari sebesar Rp 24.972.450.794,11 + Rp 547.500,00 = Rp 24.972.998.294,11 

scholarly journals Optimization Method of Intersection Signal Coordinated Control Based on Vehicle Actuated Model

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Chen Zhao-Meng ◽  
Liu Xiao-ming ◽  
Wu Wen-Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Coordinated Control ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Early Start ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Bandwidth Optimization ◽  
Real Time Traffic ◽  
Late Start

Traditional timing green wave control with predetermined cycle, split, and offset cannot adapt for dynamic real-time traffic flow. This paper proposes a coordinated control method for variable cycle time green wave bandwidth optimization integrated with traffic-actuated control. In the coordinated control, green split is optimized in real time by the measured presence of arriving and/or standing vehicles in each intersection and simultaneously green waves along arterials are guaranteed. Specifically, the dynamic bound of green wave is firstly determined, and then green early-start and green late-start algorithms are presented respectively to accommodate the fluctuations in vehicle arrival rates in each phase. Numerical examples show that the proposed method improves green time, expands green wave bandwidth, and reduces queuing.

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