scholarly journals Cluster Technology as a basis for the competitive development of industries in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (29) ◽  
pp. 265-275
Author(s):  
Viktoriya V. Prokhorova ◽  
Elena I. Artemova ◽  
Marina B. Miroshnichenko ◽  
Avanesova Rita Rafaelovna
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Cluster Approach ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Multiplier Effects

In the context of globalization (Acuña, 2011) and the pressure of sanction on the national economy of the Russian Federation, the problem of the provision of competitiveness of industrial companies stands out. Economic policy in the national economy, oriented more towards the raw material component, has ceased to correspond to the modern requirements of society. In relation to this provision, new state priorities appeared, focused on improving scientific and technological development, innovation and modernization of the industrial complex, etc., which, in turn, requires the development of new mechanisms and appropriate instruments for the regulation of economic relations in the industrial sector, and the implementation of government support for the industry. However, it must be recognized that federal and regional sustainable development programs and industrial management mechanisms used in modern realities are not effective enough because they generally aim at the isolated solution of local problems. It is indisputable and obvious to all that it is impossible to reach the level of global competition without the progressive and competitive development of the main industries. One of the most constructive solutions to this problem is the cluster approach. Our country has some experience and achievements. So in 2012, employees of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation developed a group-oriented program, the implementation of which involves twenty-five industrial groups. Cluster technologies allow the creation of synergistic and multiplier effects, which, in the end, is a boost for the development of economic growth. But despite all the preferences of the cluster approach, national cluster technologies were unable to implement their advantages, indicating the continued stagnation of industrial production. In this way, the purpose of this research is to study the possibilities of effective use of cluster technologies in the Russian industrial field.

ANALYSIS OF SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENTS IN THE FIELD OF FUNCTIONAL BEVERAGES FOR SPORTS NUTRITION BASED ON PATENT DATABASES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.О. ЕВСЮКОВА
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Sports Nutrition ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Physical Culture ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Production Volume ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Functional Beverages ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Stability

Согласно данным проекта Стратегии развития физической культуры и спорта в Российской Федерации до 2030 года, в 2008–2019 гг. численность систематически занимающегося физической культурой и спортом населения выросла в 2,5 раза. Это обусловливает необходимость создания инновационных продуктов для людей занимающихся спортом. Для определения перспектив создания продуктов специального назначения, в частности функциональных напитков для спортивного питания, проведен анализ патентов в этой области. Объектом анализа были 59 патентов, опубликованных с 1995 г. по май 2020 г. и занесенных в отечественную – ФИПС и международные – EAPATIS, USPTO, EPO, CISPATANT базы данных. Проанализированы следующие подклассы изобретений по актуализированной версии МПК: A23C, A23D, A23F, A23G, A23J, A23K, A23L, A61K, A61P, C12G. Результаты исследований представлены на рисунках в виде диаграмм. Установлено, что производство функциональных напитков для спортивного питания активно развивается. Российская Федерация имеет преимущество по количеству зарегистрированных патентов в этой области, но по объему производства продукции уступает зарубежным странам. Поскольку продукция агропромышленного комплекса России вполне удовлетворяет требованиям потребителей к натуральности сырьевого состава продукта, для обеспечения стабильности внутреннего рынка перспективно развитие отечественного производства функциональных напитков для спортивного питания. According to the draft strategy for the development of physical culture and sports in the Russian Federation until 2030, in 2008–2019, the number of people systematically engaged in physical culture and sports increased by 2,5 times. This makes it necessary to create innovative products for people involved in sports. To determine the prospects for creating special-purpose products, in particular functional beverages for sports nutrition, an analysis of patents in this area was conducted. 59 patents published from 1995 to may 2020 and included in the national – FIPS and international – EAPATIS, USPTO, EPO, CISPATANT databases were the object of analysis. Subclasses of inventions according to the updated version of the IPC A23C, A23D, A23F, A23G, A23J, A23K, A23L, A61K, A61P and C12G are analyzed. The results of the research are presented in figures in the form of diagrams. It is established that the production of functional beverages for sports nutrition is actively developing. The Russian Federation has an advantage in the number of registered patents in this area, but in terms of production volume it is inferior to foreign countries. Since the products of the Russian agro-industrial complex fully meet the requirements of consumers for the naturalness of the raw material composition of the product, the development of domestic production of functional beverages for sports nutrition is promising to ensure the stability of the domestic market.

Budget tools for supporting the agro-industrial complex in China

2020 ◽  
pp. 94-101
Author(s):  
Larisa A. Aguzarova ◽  
Inna I. Dzudtsova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
State Level ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
State Support ◽  
Modern Development ◽  
The Russian Federation

The agro-industrial complex is one of the most important sectors in the economy of any country, and the Russian Federation is no exception. The modern development of the state’s economy largely depends on the level of development of the agro-industrial sector and the efficiency of management activities of its management. For more than 25 years, Russia has been in the process of reforming and transforming the agricultural sector. The level of agricultural development remains quite ambiguous. Stimulating the agricultural sector at the state level is a priority for advanced countries in economic policy, because agriculture is the most important branch of the national economy, which actively involves a diverse set of measures for state support (subsidies, benefits, trade protection, etc.). The existing system of state regulation and support of agriculture in China is based on standard methods used in most countries of the world. The article is devoted to the study of the mechanisms of state support for the agro-industrial complex in China, because it is important to study which structure and organization of agricultural production contributes to the most intensive and balanced development. It is necessary to realize that it is not possible to improve the efficiency of the agro-industrial complex in the short term, so long-term forecasts and programs should be developed. This is especially important in today’s volatile economy. Possible methods of stimulating domestic agricultural producers based on the experience of the country under consideration are considered. As a result of the analysis, positive and negative factors of influence of certain measures for state support of agriculture in General on the country’s economy were identified. The article discusses the main methods of state support for agriculture used in the PRC and the possibility of their application in the Russian Federation. This article is intended for those who work in the field of Finance of the agro-industrial complex.

ПРИРОДНО-КЛИМАТИЧЕСКИЕ ФАКТОРЫ В ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИИ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ ПРОДОВОЛЬСТВЕННОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ

2019 ◽  
pp. 64-77
Author(s):  
О.В. Чередниченко ◽  
O.A. Cherednichenko ◽  
Н.А. Довготько ◽  
N.A. Dovgot’ko ◽  
Н.Н. Яшалова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Effective Functioning ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
The Russian Federation

The agro-industrial complex is one of the important sectors of the national economy, as it forms in addition to the labor and settlement potential of rural territories, the food security of the country. Natural and climatic factors play a leading role in the effective functioning of the industry. In the article the characteristic of such factors is given, the ecological and climatic problems most strongly influencing agriculture of the Russian Federation are designated.

scholarly journals Domestic engineering as a factor of scientific and technological development of the Russian economy

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-25
Author(s):  
V. N. Borisov ◽  
O. V. Pochukaevа
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Mechanical Engineering ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Quantitative Estimates ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Engineering Industries

Purpose:study of the impact of innovation and technological development of engineering industries on the effectiveness of the impact of engineering factors on the growth and development of the economy.Methods: in conducting the study, the methods and tools developed by the authors based on the scientific base and the mathematical apparatus used in economic and statistical research were used.Results: the following tasks were solved: analysis of the efficiency of the functioning of the engineering industries in terms of contribution to the formation of gross value added, import substitution and export of products; analysis of the development of engineering production and its impact on the economy of the regions of the Russian Federation. Quantitative estimates of the effectiveness of the structural and dynamic indicators of the functioning of engineering industries have been obtained. This made it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of the machinebuilding factor impact on the growth and development of the economy of the regions of the Russian Federation.Conclusions and Relevance: a special place of engineering in the structure of the economy determines the energy of its positive impact on the development of the entire industrial complex of the Russian Federation. The increase in the share of GVA, the growth of exports and import substitution indicates a positive shift in engineering towards the growth of competitiveness. Modernization of as a system of measures aimed at expanding the production base at a new technological level using the groundwork of domestic science and attracting advanced technologies is a necessary condition for involving other manufacturing industries and the entire real economy in the process of innovation and technological reequipment. It has been established that in regions with a higher level of production diversification, the influence of the mechanical-engineering factor is increasing, which contributes to an increase in the efficiency of the processing industries. The relevance of our research is due to the need to obtain quantitative estimates of the effectiveness of the functioning of the regions under the influence of a combination of factors of innovation and technological development of mechanical engineering. 

Priority Directions of Development of Science, Technologies and Technics in Interests of Defence and State Security

2020 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
Sergey I. Dovguchits ◽  
◽  
Sergey S. Golubev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Defense Industry ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Military Industrial Complex ◽  
State Security ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

The paper presents the results of determining the priority directions of development of science, technologies and technics in interests of defence and state security, based on open sources of information, methods and tools of forecasting of development of science, equipment and technologies used in the formation of promising scientific and technological directions of development of military-industrial complex (defense industry). The authors analyze documents that determine the priorities of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation, show the criteria for selecting a list of strategic priority areas for the development of science, technology and technology, and consider the methodology for substantiating promising areas of scientific and technological development of the defense industry. The paper shows that scientific and technical forecasting is an integral part of the formation of policy in the field of defense and security of the state. They are formed in close connection with critical technologies approved by the President of the Russian Federation. The authors reveal in detail the key trends in the development of science, technology and engineering that ensure the formation of the scientific and technological Foundation for the creation of promising samples of VVST.

scholarly journals Scientific and technical development of Russia’s high-tech companies in the context of introducing the conception “Industry 4.0” and the digital economy development

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 01020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arutyun Khachaturyan ◽  
Svetlana Ponomareva
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Technical Development ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Military Industrial Complex ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

The research paper focuses on a complex study of scientific and technological development of high-tech companies of the Russian Federation in the context of introducing the conception “INDUSTRY 4.0”, which involves six main phases: 1) Computerisation; 2) Connectivity; 3) Visibility; 4) Transparency; 5) Predictive capacity; 6) Adaptability. The article describes external factors – with the help of such marketing tool as the STEP-analysis – that have an impact on scientific and technological development of Russia’s high-tech companies in the context of introducing the digital economy and conception “INDUSTRY 4.0.” The authors of the research paper present the scheme for cooperation components of scientific and technological development of industrial enterprises in the Russian Federation which includes such important aspects as the forming process a progressive technological base; development methods of objective assessment for the technical development prospects; using of artificial intelligence and neural network; making more efficient use of industrial enterprises; searching for new energy sources and their using; accelerate biotechnologies; research on the new breakthrough technologies; application of achievements in science and technology; development of new design solutions; development of aerospace industry in the military-industrial complex; development of new kinds of materials and their using in the production process and others. The authors present data indicating the number of organizations which perform research and developments. The authors’ research perspectives present practical aspects of scientific and technical development of military-industrial complex as a whole and aerospace industry of the Russian Federation in general.

scholarly journals Analysis of problems in implementing and evaluating the effectiveness of scientific and technical programs of the full innovation cycle

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
Natalia O. Vasetskaya ◽  
Alexander V. Fedotov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Technical Programs ◽  
Innovation Cycle ◽  
Implementation Stages ◽  
The Russian Federation

The subject of the research is complex scientific and technical programs (CSTP) of the full innovation cycle. The goal is to analyze the problems of implementation and evaluation of the effectiveness of the CSTP and develop proposals for adjusting the mechanisms for their implementation based on content analysis and comparative analysis methods. The article considers the main CSTP, which is one of the key mechanisms for implementing the Strategy of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation. The analysis of the readiness levels of technologies at each stage of the innovation cycle as a key evaluation criterion that characterizes the compliance of a particular technology with the level of its maturity from the idea to mass production (full innovation cycle). There are three groups of problems that make it difficult to implement the CSTP: organizational, motivational, and financial-distributive. Among the organizational problems, there are problems related to the imperfection of regulatory legal acts, in particular, the lack of the concept of CSTP in the Budget code of the Russian Federation, and lack of mechanisms for implementing CSTP at the level of interaction between management entities development and implementation of the CSTP. The analysis of motivational problems considers criteria for evaluating applications in competitive selection and target indicators of project performance for some scientific areas of the CSTP implementation - agro-industrial complex, digital platforms and software products, priority electronic components and radio-electronic equipment, etc. There was analyzed their focus on obtaining a macroeconomic result and compliance with the goals of the CSTP. It is shown financial and distribution problems of CSTP implementation is that the distribution mechanisms of funds for the implementation stages of the CSTP are not based on the success criteria that characterize achievement of the maximum macroeconomic effect of CSTP as a whole. The ideology of sequential transformation of the results of different stages of scientific activity, which are stages of the full innovation cycle, and the assessment of the macroeconomic efficiency of the CSTP, proposed earlier in the authors' works, is not fully applied in the management of programs of the full innovation cycle. To solve the considered problems of implementing the CSTP, there were proposed ways to improve the criteria for evaluating programs at the application stage and indicators for evaluating the effectiveness of the CSTP, taking into account the main goal of the CSTP to obtain macroeconomic results.

scholarly journals ON DEVELOPING TECHNOLOGY OF PRODUCTS OF THE FUNCTIONAL ORIENTATION PRODUCED FROM AQUACULTURE OBJECTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 94-100
Author(s):  
Marina Sergeevna Moiseenko ◽  
Marfuga Dyusembaevna Mukatova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Technical Documentation ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article is focused on the strategy of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation, which envisages the transition to a highly productive and environmentally friendly aquatic economy. The Concept of the fisheries development in the Russian Federation for the period up to 2020 defines the main objectives of the integrated state policy towards long-term development. The Concept formulates the goals, tasks, directions and ways of ensuring the interests of Russia in the field of efficient use of aquatic biological resources. According to the data of the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries of the Astrakhan Oblast, in 2018 there are about two hundred fish-water areas for the production of aquaculture facilities in the region. Carp species (including Romanian carp and common pond carp) occupy a leading place in aquaculture; their annual production in the Astrakhan region in recent years is over 50%. African catfish (Clarias) Clarias gariepinus is another promising aquaculture facility. In terms of the established chemical composition and functional and technological properties of the raw materials, in order to increase the stability during storage, to increase power intensity of the product made from this raw material and to expand the assortment by creating curative and/or prophylactic food products, the appointed aquaculture objects should be directed to manufacturing multi-component products functional purpose. Commissioning the technology of multicomponent functional products from the muscle tissue of aquaculture objects is an important direction, which allows using complex resource-saving technologies of balanced polycomponent food products of diabetic, dietary and gerodietetic purposes that meet the requirements of the existing technical documentation.

scholarly journals Consolidated Budgets of the Subjects of the Russian Federation in the First Half of 2021: is the Crisis Ended?

Federalism ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-120
Author(s):  
L V. Lykova
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
High Growth ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
Federal Subsidies ◽  
The Russian Federation

In the first half of 2021, positive trends in the economy led to a pronounced increase in revenues of the consolidated budgets of RF subjects. Corporate income tax and personal income tax receipts increased most significantly. In most subjects of the Russian Federation, this year’s revenue growth has compensated for last year’s drop, but in a number of regions whose economies have a raw material orientation, the 2019 pre-crisis year indicators have not yet been exceeded. The total amount of the federal transfers remained practically at the level of 2020. At the same time, the structure of this aid has changed significantly. Unconditional grants receipts have decreased and subsidy receipts have increased significantly. The growth of expenditures of sub-federal budgets lags behind the dynamics of revenues, ensuring a pronounced budget surplus. The main areas of spending remain social policy, education and the national economy. Federal subsidies account for a significant portion of the increase in spending on social policy. The high growth rate of expenditures on the national economy is largely ensured by one subject of the Russian Federation Moscow. Health care spending, which grew ahead of schedule in 2020, has declined this year, but remained above precrisis 2019 levels. While in general all subjects of the Russian Federation executed their consolidated budgets in the first half of the year with a surplus, in a number of regions there is a budget deficit. In several regions, the surplus values turned out to be very significant due to the growth of income, which was not predicted.

scholarly journals THE ARKHANGELSK REGION AS AN ESSENTIAL PART OF THE RUSSIAN NORTH AND THE WESTERN GATE OF THE NORTHERN SEA ROUT

Federalism ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 37-51
Author(s):  
N. S. Stepanov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Added Value ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
North West ◽  
Arkhangelsk Region ◽  
The North ◽  
The Russian Federation

The Arkhangelsk region is one of 11 regions of the Russian Federation within the North-West Federal District (NWFD), which unites two economic regions — the North and North-West. Today it represents the largest region of the whole European part of Russia. The article discusses the changing role of the Archangelsk lands in the historical context and their ability to develop in the modern, sometimes not always simple conditions of globalization of the world economy, where international cooperation comes to the fore, based mainly in this particular case on the export of natural resources, which are rich territory. At this time, the economic activity of the Arkhangelsk region is characterized by the predominant raw material component. Based on this, the most important strategic goal is the reorientation of the regional economy to the production of products of deeper processing and to a certain extent with high added value. This refers to the processing industry. The author pays great attention to the problems of small business in local conditions and focuses on such leading segments of the entire industrial complex as the forest industry and shipbuilding. Due to its geographical position, which is favorable from many points of view, the port city of Arkhangelsk itself is considered as a base for the development of the Arctic territories of the Russian Federation and the further effective use of the Northern Sea Route (NSR). Sincere concern to the creator of the article is caused by the environmental problems of the Arkhangelsk region and measures taken to protect the environment.

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