scholarly journals effects of Orally Administered Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) on the Metabolic Syndrome of Adult Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3a) ◽  
pp. 27-37
Author(s):  
LN UTUME ◽  
PM Ansha ◽  
TA Gav
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Significant Difference

Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) or glutamate is a commonly used flavour enhancer, naturally found in protein-rich foods; although produced commercially through the fermentation of molasses. MSG is essential in the metabolism of living bodies. The increase in MSG consumption has become a growing concern due to the lack of adequate data on its effects. This study investigates the effects of MSG on weight and blood glucose levels of adult albino rats for an experimental period of eight (8) weeks. Twenty-four (24) albino rats weighing between 48.7 g to 94.6 g were randomly divided into four (4) groups of six (6) rats each: 1 control group and 3 test groups. Test groups were fed and daily doses of MSG dissolved in water (8 g/L, 10 g/L and 15 g/L respectively) were administered orally. The control group were fed on plain water and rat chow (grower’s mash) only. Weekly weights, fasting blood glucose levels of rats were measured, and change in behaviour and exploratory tendencies observed, all through the experimental period. Glycosylated haemoglobin was tested at the end of the experimental period to confirm the weekly blood glucose levels. There was no significant difference in the average weights (P ˃ 0.05). Blood glucose levels maintained a normal range of 4.5 – 5.1 % (good glycemic control) over the experimental period. The study illustrates that Monosodium Glutamate has no adverse effects on weight and blood glucose levels when consumed daily, but not exceeding a 15 g dose. Further research to validate casual inference may be necessary. The consumption of MSG should be in moderation and individuals prone to hypoallergenic reactions should ensure to check product labels for MSG before the consumption of foods. Further research can be carried out using higher doses as well as other metabolic markers in the body to further consolidate empirical data.

scholarly journals Efeito do Tratamento Crônico com Extrato Aquoso de Cinnamomum zeylanicum em Ratos Induzidos à Obesidade e Hiperglicemia/Chronic Treatment Effect of Aqueous Extract of Cinnamomum zeylanicum in Mice Induced to Obesity and Hyperglycemia

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-116
Author(s):  
Flavia Oliveira Vilela dos Reis ◽  
Júlia Gonçalves Tourino ◽  
Gislene Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Chronic Treatment ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cinnamomum Zeylanicum ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Significant Difference

RESUMOIntrodução: Uma dieta escassa em nutrientes, porém com elevado índice de lipídios somando-se a vida sedentária induz a obesidade. A partir disso, a administração do extrato aquoso de Cinnamomum zeylanicum, torna-se relevante, tendo em vista estudos sobre sua possível eficácia para o tratamento de obesidade e hiperglicemia. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito do tratamento crônico com extrato aquoso de Cinnamomum zeylanicum sobre o peso e a glicemia, em ratos induzidos à obesidade. Materiais e Métodos: Para a realização da pesquisa houve a indução à obesidade e hiperglicemia em 32 ratos machos da linhagem Wistar provenientes do Biotério da Faculdade de Medicina de Itajubá. A indução da obesidade e hiperglicemia (resistência à insulina) foi feita com a administração de Glutamato monossódico por via subcutânea na dose de 4mg/Kg, em dias alternados do 2° ao 14° dia de vida. Na 8ª semana os 32 ratos foram divididos em 4 grupos (n=8). Grupo 1 (C)- Controle: - administração de água de torneira por gavagem (n=8); Grupo 2 (M) – Tratamento Medicamentoso – administração de Metformina – concentração: 500mg/Kg/dia por (n=8); Grupo 3 (T1) – Tratamento Teste 1- administração de extrato aquoso de Cinnamomum zeylanicum (120mg/Kg) por gavegem (n=8); Grupo 4 (T2) – Tratamento Teste2- administração de extrato aquoso de Cinnamomum zeylanicum (240mg/Kg) por gavegem (n=8). Ao término do período experimental, os animais foram anestesiados com Cetamina (50mg/Kg)/ Xilazina (25mg/Kg), por via intraperitoneal e submetidos à punção intracardíaca. A retirada do sangue foi para a dosagem de glicemia de jejum. Resultados: O Tratamento Teste 1 (T1) (120mg/Kg), o Tratamento Teste 2 (T2) (240mg/Kg) e o Medicamentoso produziram diferença significantiva (p<0,05) entre os níveis de glicemia quando comparado ao Controle. Porém ao comparar os quatro grupos com relação ao Índice de Lee, não houve diferença significativa (p>0,05). Conclusão: O tratamento com extrato aquoso de Cinnamomum zeylanicum evidenciou uma diminuição da glicemia. Desta forma, são promissores os estudos com o uso da canela por período prolongado.Palavras chave: Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Obesidade, Hiperglicemia. ABSTRACTIntroduction: A diet with poor nutrients, but with high lipid index adding to a sedentary lifestyle leads to obesity. Due to the absence of a single drug for treating this factor, the study with intake of the aqueous extract of Cinnamomum zeylanicum, is relevant due to its possible efficacy in the studies for the treatment of obesity and hyperglycemia. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chronic treatment with aqueous extract of Cinnamomum zeylanicum on weight and blood glucose in rats induced to obesity. Methods: 32 male Wistar rats were used. The induction of obesity and hyperglycemia (insulin resistance) was made with monosodium glutamate administration subcutaneously at a dose of 4 mg/kg on alternate days from the 2nd to the 14th day of life. In the 8th week, 32 rats were divided into 4 groups (n = 8). Group 1 (C) - Control: - Tap water administration by gavage (n = 8); Group 2 (D) - Drug Treatment - administration of Metformin - concentration: 500 mg/ kg/ day (n = 8); Group 3 (T1) - Treatment Test 1 - aqueous extract of Cinnamomum zeylanicum administration (120mg / kg) by gavage (n = 8); Group 4 (T2) - Treatment Test 2 - aqueous extract of Cinnamomum zeylanicum administration (240 mg / kg) by gavage (n = 8). At the end of the experimental period, the animals were anesthetized with Ketamine (50mg/kg)/ Xylazine (25 mg/kg) intraperitoneally and underwent intracardiac puncture. The withdrawal of blood was to dose fasting glucose. Results: Treatment Test 1 (T1) (120mg/kg), Treatment Test 2 (T2) (240mg/Kg) and the Drug group produced significant difference (p <0.05) between blood glucose levels compared to Control group. However when comparing the four groups regarding the Lee index, there was no significant difference (p> 0.05). Conclusion: Treatment with aqueous extract of Cinnamomum zeylanicum showed a decrease in blood glucose. Thus, the studies with the use of cinnamon for longer periods should be considered for they are promissing.Keywords: Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Obesity; Hyperglicemia.

scholarly journals UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIDIABETES EKSTRAK ETANOL BUAH CABAI MERAH ( Capsicum annuum L. ) TERHADAP MENCIT PUTIH JANTAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulkarni Zulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Significant Difference

This Research was conducted to determine the effect of ethanol extract from red chilli (Capsicum annuum L)in lowering blood glucose levels of hyperglycemic male white mices. This study used 30 malewhitemices and divided into 6 groups: negative control group, the positive control group, the treatmentgroup withdosage of 200 mg / kgweight, 400 mg / kgwieght, 600 mg / kg weight and a comparison group with glibenclamide with dosage of 5 mg / kgweightadministered orally for 21 days. The level of fasting blood glucose was checked 6 days after dexamethasone induced, and after the ethanol extract of red chilies on day 7th, 14th, and 21st. The data was analyzed statistically with one –way and two-way Anova by usingSPSS16 program and proceed with the test Duncan to look the significant difference between treatments. The results showed that the ethanol extract from red chilies with a dosage of 200mg / kgweight, 400mg / kgweight, 600 mg / kgweight showed the effect in lowering blood sugar levels in male white mices hyperglycemia significantly (p <0.05). The duration ethanol extract of red chili affected blood glucose levels. The most effective duration in lowering blood glucose levels is the administration of a preparation within 21 days.

scholarly journals Assessment of Blood Glucose and Electrolytes during Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients of Pakistan

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Muhammad Bilal ◽  
Abdul Haseeb ◽  
Mohammad Hassaan Khan ◽  
Akash Khetpal ◽  
Muhammad Saad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Blood Electrolytes ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Significant Difference

<p><strong>INTRODUCTION: </strong>Perioperative hyperglycemia has been shown to be related to higher levels of morbidity and mortality in patients on cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), both diabetic and non-diabetic. Blood electrolytes, like sodium, potassium, calcium, and chloride play a very important role in the normal functioning of the body and can lead to a variety of clinical disorders if they become deficient. A minimal number of studies have been conducted on the simultaneous perioperative changes in both blood glucose and electrolyte levels during CPB in Pakistan. Therefore, our aim is to record and compare the changes in blood glucose and electrolyte levels during CPB in diabetic and non-diabetic patients.</p><p><strong>MATERIALS &amp; METHODS: </strong>This was a prospective, observational study conducted on 200 patients who underwent CABG with CPB, from October 2014 to March 2015. The patients were recruited from the Cardiac Surgery Ward, Civil Hospital Karachi after they complied with the inclusion criteria. Repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the trend of the changes perioperatively for the two groups.</p><p><strong>RESULTS: </strong>There was no significant difference in changes in blood glucose between the two groups (<em>P</em> = 0.62). The only significant difference detected between the two groups was for PaCO<sub>2</sub> (<em>P</em> = 0.001). Besides, further analysis revealed insignificant group differences for the trend changes in other blood electrolytes (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05).</p><p><strong>CONCLUSION: </strong>Our findings highlighted that there is no significant difference in blood electrolytes changes and the increase in blood glucose levels between diabetic and non-diabetic patients.</p>

scholarly journals Red dragon fruit (Hylocereus spp.) peel marmalade effectively improve blood glucose and lipid profile of hypercholesterolemic wistar rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Natalia Desy Putriningtyas ◽  
Intan Permatasari ◽  
Dita Oktaviani ◽  
Anastasia Servia Raha ◽  
Siti Wahyuningsih
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Polyphenols, antioxidants, dietary fiber, and vitamin contained in the red dragon fruit peel. Red dragon fruit peel can be processed into marmalade. Red dragon fruit peel marmalade has the potential to be a functional food. Functional food is food that has a physiological function based on scientific studies.Objectives: The objective of this study is to analyze the effect of red dragon fruit peel marmalade on fasting blood glucose levels, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides levels of hypercholesterolemic Wistar rats.Methods: This study used a pre-&post-test control group design. Hypercholesterolemic male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into five groups. Hypercholesterolemia was induced by 1% cholesterol powder and 0.5% cholic acid for two weeks. All groups received standard chow. Samples were grouped into five groups: K-; K+; K1 (0.94 g/kg b.wt/day); K2 (1.41 g/kg b.wt/day); K3 (1.88 g/kg b.wt/day). The intervention was carried out for 28 days. GDP level was measured using the GOD-PAP. HDL, LDL, and triglyceride were analyzed with spectrophotometry. GDP, HDL, LDL, and triglyceride levels were measured twice before fasting. A paired t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to analyze the data.Results: The result showed that K-; K1; K2; K3 had a significant difference between groups before and after the intervention (p<0.05). Red dragon fruit peel Marmalade was able to reduce the levels of GDP, LDL, triglycerides, and increase HDL (p <0.05).Conclusion: Red dragon fruit peel marmalade reduced fasting blood glucose levels, LDL, triglyceride levels, and increased HDL levels of hypercholesterolemic Wistar rats.

scholarly journals Decreased Blood Glucose and Histopathology Improvement in Hyperbaric Hyperoxic Conditions Alloxan-induced rats(Laboratory Experimental Study)

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 54-62
Author(s):  
Retno Budiarti
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Hyperbaric Oxygen ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Oxygen Exposure ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hyperbaric Oxygen Exposure

Background: Diabetes mellitus is still a problem in Indonesia, related to the number of organs involved. This disease has relatively high morbidity and mortality rates. Adjuvant therapy is needed considering the long-term therapy that must be consumed by patients. Objective: To explain the effect of hyperbaric oxygen in reducing blood glucose levels, and repairing histopathological damage to the pancreas and liver. Method : this study was an experimental laboratory study using whistar strain rats (Rattus Norvegicus) which were given a normal diet then induced alloxan to create a hyperglycemia condition. After that, 12 rats from the treatment group were given 3 x 30’ hyperbaric oxygen exposure for 6 days. Blood glucose levels, histopathological changes in the pancreas and liver was measured between the treatment group and the control group were not given hyperbaric oxygen exposure. Results: There was a significant difference (α< 0,05) in decreasing blood glucose and repairing histopathological damage in pancreatic and liver tissue between treated group and control group. Conclusion: hyperbaric oxygen treatment as much as 3 x 30'for days at 2.4 ATA O2 100% reduce blood glucose levels and repair histopathological damage to pancreatic tissue and liver of alloxan- induced white rats.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF TELMISARTAN ON BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS AND BLOOD LIPID LEVELS IN STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1303-1308
Author(s):  
Siddamma Amoghimath ◽  
R. N. Suresha
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Lipid Levels

To evaluate the effect of telmisartan on blood glucose levels and blood lipid levels in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Eighteen Wistar albino rats weighing 150-200gms of either sex were randomly selected from the central animal facility, and divided into 3 groups. Diabetes was induced by injecting Streptozotocin intraperitonelly. The control group received 1% Gum acacia (oral), standard group received 0.5 mg/kg Glibenclamide (oral) and the test group received Telmisartan 7.2mg/kg body weight (oral) from 0-28 days respectively. Body weight of the individual rats were measured on the respective days before blood glucose estimation on 0, 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 & 28th day and fasting blood glucose was estimated by (ACCUCHECK) glucometer. Estimation of fasting lipid profile by lipid screening strips on 1st and 28th day. When compared to control the capillary blood glucose (CBG) levels in the Telmisartan group was less at all the intervals but comparable with that of standard drug Glibenclamide in Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Improved lipid profile was seen with the Telmisartan group when compared to control group in Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Hypoglycemic activity and improved lipid profile action was seen with Telmisartan group which is comparable to standard drug glibenclamide in streptozotocin induced diabetic albino rats.

scholarly journals Effects of Ginkgo Biloba Extract and Troxerutin on the Hippocampus of Adult Albino Rats after Induction of Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
pp. 122-138
Author(s):  
Radwa Ismail ◽  
Amal Mahdy ◽  
Mona Attia ◽  
Fotna Eskander
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Pyramidal Cells ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Group I

This study aimed to assess the effects of Ginkgo Biloba Extract and Troxerutin on the hippocampus of induced diabetes mellitus in adult albino rats using histological methods.50 adult male albino rats were divided into three groups; Group I (Control); Group II (diabetic): subdivided into Subgroup IIa (T1DM)), Subgroup IIb (T1DM+GBE), Subgroup IIc (T1DM+ troxerutin); Group III: subdivided into Subgroup IIIa (GBE) and Subgroup IIIb (troxerutin). The brain was removed and the cerebral hemisphere was coronally cut at the hippocampal level and used for light microscopic study (H&E staining and PCNA immunostaining). There was a statistically insignificant improvement in animal weights in subgroup IIb and subgroup IIc. Subgroup IIb showed a statistically significant reduction of blood glucose levels while the subgroup IIc showed insignificant reduction of blood glucose levels. Diabetes disturbed the light microscopic structure of the hippocampus. In subgroup IIb and subgroup IIc the hippocampus retained an apparently normal appearance and the stratum pyramidale exhibited the pyramidal cells with rounded vesicular nuclei and acidophilic cytoplasm. Diabetic hippocampal sections revealed negative PCNA immunoreactivity in all layers of DG. In subgroup IIb and subgroup IIc, hippocampal sections showed positive immunoreactivity.

scholarly journals Effect of The Sweet Potato Against Mice on Blood Glucose of Diabetes Mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ai Kustiani ◽  
Wilda Raziq
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Average Blood Glucose

<p class="Default"><em>The </em><em>aim</em><em> of this study was to analyze </em><em>the effects</em><em> of the sweet potato to the levels of blood glucose on diabetic mellitus mice. This study had been carried out with a sample of 25 mice which were divided into 5 groups. The levels of blood glucose on mice before treating with rice flour and sweet potato flour on the negative control group (KN) was 76.2 ± SD, on the positive control group (KP) was 159.4 ± SD, on the 1<sup>st</sup> treatment group (P1) was 159.4 ± SD, on the 2<sup>nd</sup> treatment group (P2) was 166.6 ± SD and 3<sup>rd</sup> treatment group (P3) was 161.2 ± SD. The average blood glucose levels on the 2<sup>nd</sup> treatment group (P2) before treatment was 166.6 ± SD and after treatment was 109.0 ± SD. The result showed a significant difference based on the statistical data (p &lt; 0.05) between 4 test groups of mice. There was a big difference on the average blood glucose levels before and after treatment o P2 and P3. It is concluded that the treatment of sweet potatoes gives a positive effects on the blood glucose levels of diabetic mellitus mice. </em></p>

scholarly journals PSYCHONEUROIMMUNOLOGY APPROACH TO IMPROVE RECOVERY MOTIVATION, DECREASE CORTISOL AND BLOOD GLUCOSE OF DM TYPE 2 PATIENTS WITH DHIKR THERAPY

Jurnal NERS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Rifka Pahlevi ◽  
Suhartono Taat Putra ◽  
Sriyono Sriyono
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stress Perception ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cortisol Levels

Introduction: Blood glucose levels are controlled when the management of diabetes success. Positive perception of the strength of the spiritual aspect will improve the motivation of patients with type 2 diabetes to control it. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of dhikr based on psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) on blood glucose levels of patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: This study used quasi-experiment with pre-test and post-test control group design. Samples were taken from the population of patients with type 2 diabetes who were hospitalized in the Internal Medicine Rumkital Dr. Ramelan Surabaya with purposive sampling techniques. Data taken include the general characteristics of respondents, cures motivation, cortisol levels and fasting blood glucose levels. Collecting data using questionnaires and laboratory test, then analyzed using paired t-test and independent t-test, with α value <0.05. Results: Statistical test showed that the motivation to recover increased (p = 0.001), cortisol levels fall (p = 0.058) and a drop in blood glucose levels (p = 0.028) after administration of dhikr therapy in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. There was a significant difference in increased of recovery motivation between patient conduct zikr therapy and patient cared (p = 0,000). Conclusion: Dhikr therapy increases the motivation of patients with type 2 diabetes by strengthening awareness and spirituality belief in Allah make positive stress perception. Positive stress perception will affect the stress response and improved regulation of blood glucose through the HPA axis to suppress the secretion of CRH, ACTH, and cortisol.

scholarly journals Effect of Honey Variation on Blood Glucose Level in Pregnant Wistar Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (T2) ◽  
pp. 98-103
Author(s):  
Syarifuddin Syarifuddin ◽  
Veny Hadju ◽  
Rahayu Inriasari
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Research Type

BACKGROUND: In addition to Moringa one of the food products that are often used as supplements is honey. Honey contains carbohydrates and content of antioxidants and other active substances needed during pregnancy. AIM: This study aimed to look at the effect of the intervention on the blood glucose levels of normal white pregnant Wistar strain of Moringa honey, honey plus Moringa or natural honey interventions. METHODS: This research method uses a quantitative research with experimental lab research type. With a completely randomized pre-test-post-test controlled completely randomized research design. The samples in this study were 24 white Wistar pregnant rats, divided into four groups, the control group, the honey group, the honey plus Moringa group, and the Moringa honey group, each consisting of six animals. The intervention was carried out for 20 days with initial BB measurements pregnancy (pre) and end of pregnancy (post). Data analysis used paired t-test and one-way ANOVA test. RESULTS: GD levels showed a significant decrease in GD levels in all groups at the end of pregnancy with a p < 0.05, but a decrease in GD levels between groups did not show a significant difference at the end of the study, the control group (82.33 ± 8.98), honey (83.83 ± 6.67), plus honey (73.17 ± 10.92), and Moringa honey (73.00 ± 6.45) with a p = 0.065 > 0.05. CONCLUSION: It shows that honey variation has the effect of controlling blood glucose levels during pregnancy.

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