Parthecarpic Apples: Different paths to the seedless fruit.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey Galimba
Keyword(s):  
Seedless Fruit

scholarly journals Sucrose Accumulation and Related Metabolizing Enzyme Activities in Seeded and Induced Parthenocarpic Muskmelons

2001 ◽  
Vol 126 (6) ◽  
pp. 676-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuyoshi Hayata ◽  
Xin-Xian Li ◽  
Yutaka Osajima
Keyword(s):  
Sucrose Synthase ◽  
Sucrose Phosphate Synthase ◽  
Invertase Activity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Sucrose Accumulation ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Glucose Content ◽  
Seedless Fruit ◽  
Sucrose Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Metabolizing Enzyme

To clarify the cause of low sucrose accumulation in seedless `Crest Earl's' netted muskmelon [Cucumis melo L. (Reticulatus Group)] fruit induced by CPPU, the activity level of sucrose metabolizing enzymes was compared between seeded and seedless fruit. CPPU promoted growth of the ovary in both pollinated and nonpollinated flowers until 10 days after anthesis (DAA), and thereafter the growth rate of nonpollinated fruit was lower than in the controls. Sucrose accumulation of seedless fruit remained lower than in seeded fruit, but there was no difference in fructose and glucose content between seeded and seedless fruit. Acid invertase activity declined sharply 20 DAA in seeded and seedless fruit, and was hardly detectable at 35 DAA, when sucrose accumulation began. Neutral invertase (NI) activity in both seeded and seedless fruit decreased from 20 DAA until 35 DAA; thereafter, NI activity in seeded fruit remained relatively constant, with a small but insignificant increase in maturity. Sucrose synthase (SS-c: sucrose cleavage direction) activity in seeded fruit decreased from 20 to 30 DAA, and then increased as fruit matured, while SS-c activity in seedless fruit did not change during development. Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) activity in seeded fruit increased from 25 to 30 DAA and remained relatively constant until harvest. SPS activity in seedless fruit declined gradually from 30 to 45 DAA, then remained at a low level. Sucrose synthase (SS-s: sucrose synthesis direction) activity in seeded fruit increased rapidly after 30 DAA, concomitant with sucrose accumulation. In contrast, SS-s activity in seedless fruit increased only slightly after 30 DAA indicating levels of SS-s activity are closely related to sucrose accumulation in parthenocarpic seedless muskmelons. Chemical name used: [1-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-3-phenylurea] (CPPU).

Ethylene regulation of avocado ripening differs between seeded and seedless fruit

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Hershkovitz ◽  
Haya Friedman ◽  
Eliezer E. Goldschmidt ◽  
Edna Pesis
Keyword(s):  
Seedless Fruit ◽  
Ethylene Regulation

The inhibitory effect of CuSO4 on Citrus pollen germination and pollen tube growth and its application for the production of seedless fruit

Plant Science ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 170 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Mesejo ◽  
Amparo Martínez-Fuentes ◽  
Carmina Reig ◽  
Fernando Rivas ◽  
Manuel Agustí
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Seedless Fruit

scholarly journals Reassessment of Seed Influence on Return Bloom and Fruit Growth in 'Bartlett' Pear

HortScience ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven A. Weinbaum ◽  
Theodore M. DeJong ◽  
John Maki
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Size ◽  
Pyrus Communis ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Sink Strength ◽  
Pear Fruit ◽  
Biennial Bearing ◽  
Seedless Fruit ◽  
Return Bloom ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Pear Trees

In a simple, yet elegant experiment conducted 30 years ago, Chan and Cain (1967) using 'Spencer Seedless', a facultatively parthenocarpic apple (Malus×domestica Borkh.) cultivar, proposed that seeds inhibited flowering and accentuated biennial bearing in apple. Their conclusions have been extrapolated widely to include apple and other species. We have tested the universality of their conclusions using 'Bartlett' pear (Pyrus communis L.), a commercially important, facultatively parthenocarpic cultivar. Unlike 'Spencer Seedless' apples and seedless 'Bartlett' pear grown in France, California-grown seedless 'Bartlett' pear fruit strongly inhibited flowering the following year. However, the presence of seeds increased 'Bartlett' pear fruit size relative to seedless fruit by 13% and 20% in nonthinned and heavily-thinned pear trees, respectively, indicating that seeds increased fruit sink strength.

scholarly journals Seedless fruit pummelo induced by Gamma Ray irradiation: Fruit morphological characters and stability evaluation

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
BAIQ DINA MARIANA ◽  
HIDAYATUL ARISAH ◽  
YENNI YENNI ◽  
MARRY SELVAWAJAYANTI
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Embryo Sac ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Stability Evaluation ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Customer Preferences ◽  
Seedless Fruit ◽  
Gamma Ray Irradiation

Mariana BD, Arisah H, Yenni, Selvawajayanti M. 2018. Seedless fruit pummelo induced by Gamma Ray irradiation: Fruit morphological characters and stability evaluation. Biodiversitas 19: 656-661. Pummelo is one of native citrus crops found in South East Asia including Indonesia. It is well known due to its big size and distinct taste compared to other citrus fruits. However, it contains many seeds, which may reduce the market demand and customer preferences. Therefore, the objective of this study was to generate seedless citrus by mutation techniques using gamma-ray radiation. The mutant induction of Pamelo Nambangan using gamma-ray radiation was conducted in 2003 using bud wood as plant materials. The bud wood was then irradiated with the dosage of 20, 40, and 60 Gy. The buds then grafted to Japansche Citroen rootstocks and maintained properly until the fruits could be observed. After three years of selection based on performance and fruit evaluation on MV2 generation, a mutant plant derived from 20 Gy irradiation treatments were obtained with improved character on the number of seeds. Pamelo Nambangan has more than 40 seeds/fruit and the mutant has less than 10 seeds/fruit on average. In the seedless mutant, it was observed that the mutant has embryo sac abortion leading to seedless fruit and low pollen viability (7.7%). The mutant has been released in 2016 as a new seedless pummelo variety under the name of ‘Pamindo Agrihorti’.

scholarly journals Synthetic Cytokinin-1-(2=chloro=4=pyridyl)-3-phenylurea (CPPU)-Promotes Fruit Set and Induces Parthenocarpy in Watermelon

1995 ◽  
Vol 120 (6) ◽  
pp. 997-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuyoshi Hayata ◽  
Yoshiyuki Niimi ◽  
Naoto Iwasaki
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Parthenocarpic Fruit ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Control Fruit ◽  
Seedless Fruit ◽  
Solids Content

Applying a 200 ppm solution of CPPU to pollinated ovaries of watermelon (Citrullus lunatus Matsum) at anthesis increased fruit set from 26.9% (control) to 95%. Applying CPPU solutions to nonpollinated ovaries at anthesis induced parthenocarpy, yielding 65% and 89.5% fruit set, respectively with 20 and 200 ppm applications. However, 64% of the 20 ppm CPPU-treated parthenocarpic fruit stopped growth 10 days after treatment. Growth of CPPU-treated, pollinated, and nonpollinated fruit increased significantly compared with growth of control fruit during the first 10 days after treatment, but, except for the 20 ppm CPPU parthenocarpic fruit, growth subsequently slowed, resulting in fruit equal in size to the control by harvest. CPPU application did not affect soluble solids content of pollinated fruit, but reduced content of parthenocarpic fruit treated with 20 ppm. Fructose content was generally higher than glucose and sucrose at harvest. However, in pollinated fruit treated with 20 ppm CPPU, sucrose levels were higher than glucose and fructose. These results suggest that CPPU is practical for promoting fruit set and seedless fruit without adversely affecting fruit quality and development.

scholarly journals Metrical Analysis of a Putative Source for Semi-seedlessness in Rabbiteye Blueberry, Vaccinium ashei Reade.

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 272-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.K. Ehlenfeldt ◽  
M.R. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Abortion ◽  
Vaccinium Ashei ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
Seedless Fruit ◽  
Metrical Analysis

T 286, a rabbiteye blueberry selection from a `Delite' × `Tifblue' cross, generally has been regarded as producing semi-seedless fruit. A comparison of nonpollinated flowers of T 286, `Delite', and `Tifblue' showed no differences in ovule count, and comparisons of ovules at 10, 20, and 40 days from manual cross-pollination showed no obvious evidence of embryo abortion. Manually cross-pollinated flowers contained 85, 60, and 38 seeds per fruit for `Delite', `Tifblue', and T 286, respectively. Open-pollinated fruit of T 286 had a seed count similar to that of open-pollinated `Tifblue' but possessed significantly heavier fruit. The number of seed in T 286 and `Tifblue' indicates a tendency toward parthenocarpy.

scholarly journals Seedless Fruit Production in 'Tosa Buntan' Pummelo

2004 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 469-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Kitajima ◽  
Atsu Yamasaki ◽  
Kojiro Hasegawa
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Production ◽  
Seedless Fruit
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