scholarly journals Assessment of Flash Flood Hazard Degrees of Wadi EL Tarfa, Eastern Desert, Egypt: Using GIS Based Morphometric Analysis Technique.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abu Setta ◽  
Hassan Garamoon ◽  
Ashraf Shabana
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Eastern Desert ◽  
Analysis Technique

scholarly journals Flash Flood Hazard Using Optical, Radar, and Stereo-Pair Derived DEM: Eastern Desert, Egypt

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jehan Mashaly ◽  
Eman Ghoneim
Keyword(s):  
Arid Regions ◽  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Eastern Desert ◽  
Stereo Pair ◽  
Flood Hazards ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Alos Palsar

Flash floods are classified among the Earth’s most deadly and destructive natural hazards, particularly in arid regions. Wadi El-Ambagi, one of the largest drainage basins in the Eastern Desert of Egypt, is frequently subjected to severe flash flood damage following intense, short-lived rainstorms. This wadi is home to one of the few road networks which connects the Nile River Valley to the Red Sea Coast. At its outlet lies Quseir, one of the major coastal towns in the area. Quseir is a developing tourism and scuba diving town, and is known for its historical importance as an ancient port; thus, efforts are in place to preserve the town’s heritage. The lack of hydrological and meteorological data in this region necessitates the use of a hydrological modeling approach to predict the spatial extent, depth, and velocity of the flood waters, and hence locate sites at risk of flood inundation. This was accomplished by understanding the characteristics of surface runoff through modeled hydrographs. Here, elevation data were extracted from Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) and a two-meter digital elevation model (DEM) derived from WorldView-2 stereo pair imagery. The land use/land cover and soil properties were mapped from fused ASTER multispectral and ALOS-PALSAR Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data to produce a hybrid image that combines spectral properties and surface roughness, respectively. The results showed that storm events with rainfall intensities of 30 mm and ~60 mm over a two-hour period would generate maximum peak flows of 165 m3 s−1 and 875 m3 s−1 , respectively. The latter peak flow would generate floods with depths of up to 2 m within the town of Quseir. A flood of this magnitude would inundate 217 buildings, 7 km of the highway, and 1.43 km of the railroad in the downstream area of Wadi El-Ambagi. Findings from this work indicate that the integration of remote sensing and hydrological modeling can be a practical and quick approach to predict flash flood hazards in arid regions where data are scarce.

scholarly journals Investigating the Correlation of Tectonic and Morphometric Characteristics with the Hydrological Response in a Greek River Catchment Using Earth Observation and Geospatial Analysis Techniques

Geosciences ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 377
Author(s):  
Emmanouil Psomiadis ◽  
Nikos Charizopoulos ◽  
Konstantinos X. Soulis ◽  
Nikolaos Efthimiou
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Water Concentration ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Tectonic Activity ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
River Catchment

Morphometric analysis can be used to investigate catchment dynamics and tectonic processes responsible for the development of drainage catchments and to support flood risk assessment. In this study, a comparative GIS-based morphometric analysis between the main southern and northern sub-catchments of the Sperchios River basin, Central Greece, was performed, using geospatial and remote sensing data. The goal was to investigate their correlation with the peculiar geotectonic activity and the frequent flash-flood events that occur in the river floodplain. All sub-catchments characteristics are linked with the geological formation types of the area, in combination with ongoing tectonic activity. The results indicate that drainage network development is significantly controlled by the region’s overall tectonic activity. The morphometric characteristics—i.e., bifurcation ratio, drainage density, circularity ratio, elongation ratio and water concentration–time values, reflect the flood-prone character of the southern part of Sperchios River catchment in comparison to the northern part, especially during intense rainfall events. The study can provide valuable insight into identifying how morphometric characteristics are associated with increased flood hazard.

scholarly journals KESIAPAN WARGA SEKOLAH DALAM MENGHADAPI BENCANA BANJIR BANDANG DI SMA NEGERI 2 BOGOR

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chyndy Kasmila ◽  
Tirton Nefianto ◽  
L Lasmono
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Preparedness Planning ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Disaster Preparedness Planning ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Research Analysis

Disaster preparedness in schools is still on the minimum level, whereas schools necessarily are the centers of teaching and learning activities to give proper education for the nation’s better future. The purpose of this research is to analyze the preparedness of SMAN 2 Bogor to face flash flood disaster, and to analyze the impact of its occurrence. This research uses qualitative method, and the locus is Sukaresmi Village, Tanah Sareal Sub-district, Bogor City, West Java. The data is obtained from predetermined informants and analyzed by qualitative analysis technique. The parameters used in the analysis are knowledge and attitude parameters, policies and guidelines, emergency response plans, disaster warning systems, also resource mobilization. The results show that disaster preparedness in SMAN 2 Bogor is held by using various resources of school residents and supporting facilities, yet it has not been maximally done to increase the capacity of students and other elements of SMAN 2 Bogor. In general, schools only focus on the academic achievement, which ultimately leads to the lack of sensitivity toward people’s welfare needs. Awareness of disaster preparedness should not be owned only by the students, but also by educators, officials, and all elements of the school. However, this research analysis focuses more on the students. The unawareness of disaster preparedness planning is the main factor which makes the socialization and capacity improvement can not be done sustainably. Co-ordination and consultation with Provincial Government and Regional Disaster Management Agency is the necessary thing to do for the disaster prepardness planning.

scholarly journals Pemodelan Prediksi Banjir Kota Medan Dengan Menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
M S Roganda
Keyword(s):  
Rainfall Intensity ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Flood Inundation ◽  
Flood Modeling ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Study Techniques ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

This study aims to (1) Determine the results of inundation in Medan based on the scenario of rainfall intensity <60 mm / day and> 60 mm / day. (2) Determine the level of flood hazard based on flood inundation scenarios of rainfall intensity <60 mm / day and> 60 mm / day conducted in Medan City. (3) Determine the impact caused by the flooding based on interpretation techniques from the results of flood modeling conducted in Medan City. Data collection techniques used in this study are documentary study techniques. The data analysis technique was carried out with three stages, including (1) Determining the overflow results. (2) Determine the classification of flood hazard levels. (3) Identifying areas that affect flood hazard areas per district. The results in this study are (1) based on the scenario of rainfall intensity <60 mm / day, there is no inundation flooding, whereas based on the scenario of rainfall intensity> 60 mm / day shows several points of flood inundation especially in the northern part of Medan City. (2) flood hazard based on flood inundation scenario results in rainfall intensity <60 mm / day does not pose any danger at all whereas flood hazard based on flood inundation results rainfall intensity scenario> 60 mm / day shows that in the northern part there are two dominant classes namely class high and low, in the middle part of the city the dominant class terrain is medium and in the southern part of Medan City the dominance by medium and low classes. (3) Based on interpretation techniques carried out on the Flood Impact Map Based on Districts in Medan, it can be seen that several districts in Medan have several flood hazard classes such as low, medium, and high.Keywords: Medan City, Rain, Flood Modeling AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) Mengetahui hasil banjir genangan di Kota Medan berdasarkan skenario intensitas curah hujan < 60 mm/hari dan > 60 mm/hari. (2) Mengetahui tingkat bahaya banjir berdasarkan hasil banjir genangan skenario intensitas curah hujan < 60 mm/hari dan > 60 mm/hari yang dilakukan di Kota Medan. (3) Mengetahui dampak yang disebabkan banjir berdasarkan teknik interpretasi dari hasil pemodelan banjir yang dilakukan di Kota Medan. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik studi dokumenter. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan tiga tahapan diantaranya (1) Menentukan hasil luapan. (2) Menentukan klasifikasi tingkat bahaya banjir. (3) Mengidentifikasi wilayah-wilayah yang berdampak ke daerah bahaya banjir per kecamatan. Hasil dalam penelitian ini adalah (1) berdasarkan skenario intensitas curah hujan < 60 mm/hari tidak terjadi banjir genangan sedangkan berdasarkan skenario intensitas curah hujan > 60 mm/hari menunjukkan beberapa titik terjadi genangan banjir terutama di bagian utara Kota Medan. (2) bahaya banjir berdasarkan hasil banjir genangan skenario intensitas curah hujan < 60 mm/hari  tidak menimbulkan bahaya sama sekali sedangkan bahaya banjir berdasarkan hasil banjir genangan skenario intensitas curah hujan > 60 mm/hari  memperlihatkan  pada bagian utara ada dua kelas yang dominan yaitu kelas tinggi dan rendah, pada bagian tengah kota medan kelas yang dominan adalah sedang dan di bagian selatan Kota Medan dominasi oleh kelas sedang dan rendah. (3) Berdasarkan teknik interpretasi yang dilakukan pada Peta Dampak Banjir Berdasarkan Kecamatan Di Kota Medan terlihat bahwa beberapa kecamatan di Kota Medan memiliki beberapa kelas bahaya banjir seperti rendah, sedang dan tinggi.Kata Kunci : Kota Medan, Hujan, Pemodelan Banjir

scholarly journals Designating Appropriate Areas for Determining Potential Rainwater Harvesting in Arid Region Using a GIS-based Multi-criteria Decision Analysis ‏

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abd-el-Kader ◽  
Ahmed Elfeky ◽  
Mohamed Saber ◽  
Maged AlHarbi ◽  
abed Alataway
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Decision Analysis ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Flash Floods ◽  
Flood Mitigation ◽  
Water Harvesting ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Analysis

Abstract Flash floods are highly devastating, however there is no effective management for their water in Saudi Arabia, therefore, it is crucial to adopt Rainfall Water Harvesting (RWH) techniques to mitigate the flash floods and manage the available water resources from the infrequent and rare rainfall storms. The goal of this study is to create a potential flood hazard map and a map of suitable locations for RWH in Wadi Nisah, Saudi Arabia for future water management and flood prevention plans and to identify potential areas for rainwater harvesting and dam construction for both a flood mitigation and water harvesting. This research was carried out using a spatiotemporal distributed model based on multi-criteria decision analysis by combining Geographic Information System (GIS), Remote Sensing (RS), and Multi-Criteria Decision-Making tools (MCDM). The flood hazard mapping criteria were elevation, drainage density, slope, direct runoff depth at 50 years return period, Topographic witness index, and Curve Number, according to the Multi-criteria decision analysis, while the criteria for RWH were Slope, Land cover, Stream order, Lineaments density, and Average of annual max-24hr Rainfall. The weight of each criteria was estimated based on Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). In multi-criteria decision analysis, 21.55 % of the total area for Wadi Nisah was classified as extremely dangerous and dangerous; 65.29 % of the total area was classified as moderate; and 13.15 % of the total area was classified as safe and very safe in flash flood hazard classes. Only 15% of Wadi Nisah has a very high potentiality for RWH and 27.7%, 57.31% of the basin has a moderate and a low or extremely low potentiality of RWH, respectively. According to the developed RWH potentiality map, two possible dam sites were proposed. The maximum height of the proposed dams, which corresponded to the cross section of dam locations, ranged from 6.2 to 9 meters; the maximum width of dams ranged from 573.48 to 725 meters; the maximum storage capacity of reservoirs, which corresponded to the distribution of topographic conditions in the surrounding area, ranged from 3976104.499 m3 to 4328509.123 m3; and the maximum surface area of reservoirs ranged from 1268372.625 m2 to 1505825.676.14 m2. These results are highly important for the decision makers for not only flash flood mitigation but also water management in the study area.

scholarly journals A hydro-sedimentary modeling system for flash flood propagation and hazard estimation under different agricultural practices

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 625-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. N. Kourgialas ◽  
G. P. Karatzas
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Riparian Vegetation ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Hydraulic Modeling ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Mike 11 ◽  
Discharge Velocity

Abstract. A modeling system for the estimation of flash flood flow velocity and sediment transport is developed in this study. The system comprises three components: (a) a modeling framework based on the hydrological model HSPF, (b) the hydrodynamic module of the hydraulic model MIKE 11 (quasi-2-D), and (c) the advection–dispersion module of MIKE 11 as a sediment transport model. An important parameter in hydraulic modeling is the Manning's coefficient, an indicator of the channel resistance which is directly dependent on riparian vegetation changes. Riparian vegetation's effect on flood propagation parameters such as water depth (inundation), discharge, flow velocity, and sediment transport load is investigated in this study. Based on the obtained results, when the weed-cutting percentage is increased, the flood wave depth decreases while flow discharge, velocity and sediment transport load increase. The proposed modeling system is used to evaluate and illustrate the flood hazard for different riparian vegetation cutting scenarios. For the estimation of flood hazard, a combination of the flood propagation characteristics of water depth, flow velocity and sediment load was used. Next, a well-balanced selection of the most appropriate agricultural cutting practices of riparian vegetation was performed. Ultimately, the model results obtained for different agricultural cutting practice scenarios can be employed to create flood protection measures for flood-prone areas. The proposed methodology was applied to the downstream part of a small Mediterranean river basin in Crete, Greece.

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