scholarly journals CONCEPT OF KARMAJA VYADHI Priyanka C. Kallihal1, R Y. Timmapur2 ISSN: 2320-5091

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1534-1537
Author(s):  
Priyanka C. Kallihal ◽  
Timmapur R Y.
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Technical Term ◽  
Different Sources

Vyadhi is a state in which the body and mind are subjected to pain and grief. In classics vyadhi have been divided into several types based on some characters in that Karmaja Vyadhi is one among them. We are perhaps confus- ing Karmaja vyadhi with karma. Karmaja vyadhi is a technical term in Ayurveda. Karma is a very huge term, and it includes everything we think, speaks or does. But if we come down to a narrower plane, we see vyadhis coming from different sources. Here papa karma is the main karana for Karmaja vyadhi so diagnosis of Karmaja vyadhi is not very easy. So, the present analysis is intended to highlight the ayurvedic aspect of karmaja vyadhi in elabo- rated form. Keywords: Karmaja vyadhi, Papa Karma.

Scientific aspect on Diet explained by Susrutha in Wound Healing

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar ◽  
Amareshappa . ◽  
Anjali Bharadwaj ◽  
Shailaja S. V.
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
The Body ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Scientific Aspect ◽  
Important Branch

Wound healing has been the burning problem in a surgical practice because of a remarkable increase in the number of traumatic cases. A wound causes a number of changes in the body that can affect the healing process, including changes in energy, protein, carbohydrate, fat, vitamin and mineral metabolism. Various Ayurveda literatures, particularly, Sushruta Samhita, which is said to be an ancient textbook of surgery in Ayurveda, has mentioned about the diet for the person suffering from the wound, and the author said that diet plays a very important role in the wound healing process. Sushruta - The father of surgery has scientifically classified it in a systemic manner, whose wealth of clinical material and the principles of management are valid even today. Shalya Tantra (surgical branch in Ayurveda Science) is one of the important branch of Ayurveda, in which surgical and para-surgical techniques has described for management of various diseases. Vrana is the most important and widely described chapter of Shalya Tantra. Vrana (wound) is one of them, which have been managed by human being from starting of civilization. Under the circumstances, the first thing which the men came across was the injury from different sources which caused him the Vrana. Vrana is seen as debilitating and scaring disorder, usually seen affecting the human being at any age. Well balanced nutrition plays an essential role in the wound healing.

scholarly journals From the organism of a body to the body of an organism: occurrence and meaning of the word ‘organism’ from the seventeenth to the nineteenth centuries

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
TOBIAS CHEUNG
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
The Body ◽  
Technical Term ◽  
Latin Word ◽  
Entire World

This paper retraces the occurrence of the word ‘organism’ in writings of different authors from the seventeenth to the nineteenth centuries. It seeks to clarify chronological and conceptual shifts in the usage and meaning of the word. After earlier uses of the word in medieval sources, the Latin word organismus appeared in 1684 in Stahl's medico-physiological writings. Around 1700 it can be found in French (organisme), English (organism), Italian (organismo) and later also in German (Organismus). During the eighteenth century the word ‘organism’ generally referred to a specific principle or form of order that could be applied to plants, animals or the entire world. At the end of the eighteenth century the term became a generic name for individual living entities. From around 1830 the word ‘organism’ replaced the expressions ‘organic’ or ‘organized body’ as a recurrent technical term in the emerging biological disciplines.

The dominant N gene in New Zealand Romney sheep

1955 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 725 ◽  
Author(s):  
FW Dry
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
The Body ◽  
N Gene ◽  
Extreme Variation ◽  
Ram Lambs ◽  
The One ◽  
Different Sources

The existence of the dominant N gene, derived from two different sources, has been established by monogenic ratios. The gene is variable in expression in the heterozygote, and is pleiotropic. Horns are a sex-influenced expression of this gene, being dominant in males and recessive in females, with exceptions of the order of one in 10 in both sexes. There are hints that the exceptions in rams have a genetic basis, and strong evidence that this is so in heterozygous ewes, a dominant gene, F, variable in expression, being postulated. In the birthcoat of heterozygotes the expression of the N gene varies over a range as wide as is possible. There is extreme variation in halo-coverage over the body in animals of N-abundance on the back, and all halo-grades, from borderline-N to no-halo, are found in the one-sixth of heterozygotes less than N-grade. There is evidence that some part in causing the heterozygote to be less than N-grade is played by genes which reduce the abundance of halo-hairs on the main area of the body in non-N lambs. Possibly one dominigene, not linked with N, is powerful in the heterozygote. Heterozygous dominant N-grade lambs, with very few exceptions, can be distinguished from homozygotes in having halo-hair abundance reduced below that of N-grade at the anterior end of the body, at least in a small area behind the shoulder which is called the shoulder patch. The absence of the shoulder patch in heterozygotes has a genetic basis. Very occasionally there appears to be overlap between the two genotypes in the opposite direction. Recently a very small number of lambs thought to be homozygotes have been a little short of full halo-hair abundance on the shoulder patch on either one or both sides of the body. It is also of some help in distinguishing the genotypes that homozygous ram lambs have lumps in the horn positions, while heterozygous ram lambs frequently have no lumps at birth. On the average homozygous fleeces are more coarsely hairy than heterozygous, and contain more secondary kemp. In setting out the facts from which the above circle of conclusions is drawn it is sometimes convenient to make use at an earlier stage of something which is not proved until later. This applies especially to distinguishing homozygote and heterozygote.

scholarly journals Ghost Theme is Ancient Kannada and Tamil texts

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
Jayalalitha
Keyword(s):  
Tenth Century ◽  
The Body ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Evil Spirit ◽  
Late Period ◽  
Technical Term ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Evil Spirits ◽  
The Dead

As members of Dravidian family of Languages, Kannada and Tamil are close to each other. Apart from linguistic and grammatical similarities there are comparable elements in literary texts also. There are similar motifs and themes in Ancient Kannada and Tamil literary works. Though a few studies have concentrated in the similarities of Kannada and Tamil grammars, very little is done on the similar features of literary works. This paper makes an attempt to bring out a surprising motif of ghosts that occur in Ancient Kannada and Tamil texts. Tolkappiyam is an early grammatical work in Tamil and date of which is believed to be from 1 to 3 AD. This book speaks of a concept of ‘Thodakkaanji’. This concept is explained by commentators as not allowing the evil spirit to eat the body of the hero who died during a war. The same concept, though the technical term to denote the concept is absent, is present in the Kannada text ‘Sahasa Bheema Vijaya or Gadhayuddha’ by the Ranna, who belongs to the tenth century. While the theme of the narration centers around the battle of maces between Bhima and Duryodhana on the last day of the eighteen-day war, the poet uses a technique similar to flashbacks. This technic we can see in Tamil as a “Singanokku” which is used in grammar text to explain the ‘noorpaa’. Ranna the Kannada poet gives the details of an incident of the war field where the dead leader’s body is guarded from evil spirits/ ghosts by the fellow warriors whose wounds are less fatal. Tolkappiyam is an earlier work and Ranna’s work is late period. But that the particular theme of Thodakkanchi occurs in the Kannada and Tamil contexts merits mention and study a rare example which has not been brought out by anybody so far. Such similar points of comparison are brought out elaborately in this article.

scholarly journals Sub-microstructures of Nephrite from Five Sources Based on Multispectral Imaging and Effect Enhancement

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-24
Author(s):  
Dian Chen ◽  
Ming Yu ◽  
Wugan Luo ◽  
Changsui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Multispectral Imaging ◽  
The Body ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Strong Light ◽  
Visual Effect ◽  
Naked Eye ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Microstructure Imaging

Some collectors and connoisseurs have found that the nephrite from different sources possess different sub-microstructures inside the body, which could become a quite convenient and effective basis for determining provenance. The sub-microstructure of nephrite can be observed by the naked eye under irradiated by strong light. However, the images of original submicrostructure of nephrite were recorded by use of multispectral imaging in our previous work, but the visual effect is not satisfied. Here, the main features of different sub-microstructures will present more distinct by appropriately subtracting the shining strength and then the average filtering is adopted to promote the resolution of sub-microstructure imaging as well as to reduce some image noises. The sub-microstructure images of nephrite from five most common sources have typical inherent characteristics respectively, which are qualified to set up a demonstration for identifying provenances. Furthermore, the shape, size, distribution and name for these different sub-microstructures have been summarized and they will become the basis for future research on the provenance of nephrite including the ancient jade.

scholarly journals Effects of standard diets from different sources on growth and some organ parameters of rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 2055
Author(s):  
B. GENC ◽  
M. SALMAN ◽  
Ş. TÜTÜNCÜ ◽  
M. ERMIŞ ◽  
H. MURUZ
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Crypt Depth ◽  
Open Formula ◽  
Different Sources

This study aims to determine the effects of open and closed formulated standard diets supplied from different sources on growth performance and internal organ development of laboratory rats. Five-week-old 32 Wistar rats were used. A special control group diet was produced in accordance with the criteria determined by the National Research Council (NRC) (1995). Three different most preferred commercial open and closed-formula diets produced by international and local companies were used as trial groups’ diets. The experiment was carried out for 12 weeks. Weekly feed consumption, body weight change, internal organ weight, intestinal organ weigths and lengths, intestinal villi heigth and crypt depth were measured in groups. The body weight values of the control group and the first group fed with open-formula diet were found at the highest level (P <0.05). The control group diet had a positive effect on small intestine villi heigth and crypt depth (P <0.05). The nutrient contents and energy values of the diets of experimental groups were determined as different from the commercial firm notifications. As a result of the research, it is concluded that the diets prepared with open-formula give more reliable results in the growth performance and development of internal organs of Wistar rats.

scholarly journals Atmospheric governance: Gassing as law for the protection and killing of life

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marijn Nieuwenhuis
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
The Body ◽  
Political Order ◽  
Concentration Camps ◽  
Technical Term ◽  
Historical Significance ◽  
Life Itself ◽  
Political Technology ◽  
Red Line

Breathing is the activity which all forms of animated life share in common. The breath has been symbolised across cultures as the meaning of life itself. If breathing is imagined as life, gassing is the very opposite. Gassing is the intended (or unintended) means to prevent or obstruct breathing. Perhaps it is for this reason that the Nazi concentration camps are remembered as expressions of technological as much as metaphysical terror. The 2013 and 2017 Syrian chemical attacks show how gassing remains a ‘red line.’ This paper deals with the historical significance and complexity of air and breathing in law. Human dependency on the air has in early treaties been protected at times of war between ‘civilised’ nations but was exploited as an instrument against the breather during colonialism. Today, non-lethal-weapons, a more-than-technical term, are used extensively to discipline the biological body into political order. Engaging with the work of Foucault, Sloterdijk and others, I seek to make sense of the legal status of this contradictory political technology, which does not directly attack the body but rather conditions the atmospheric requirements for its animation. I argue for a move towards understanding law atmospherically as an extension of the body.

scholarly journals Oxidant production from source-oriented particulate matter – Part 1: Oxidative potential using the dithiothreitol (DTT) assay

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 2327-2340 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Charrier ◽  
N. K. Richards-Henderson ◽  
K. J. Bein ◽  
A. S. McFall ◽  
A. S. Wexler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Oxidative Potential ◽  
Specific Chemical ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Different Sources

Abstract. Recent epidemiological evidence supports the hypothesis that health effects from inhalation of ambient particulate matter (PM) are governed by more than just the mass of PM inhaled. Both specific chemical components and sources have been identified as important contributors to mortality and hospital admissions, even when these end points are unrelated to PM mass. Sources may cause adverse health effects via their ability to produce reactive oxygen species in the body, possibly due to the transition metal content of the PM. Our goal is to quantify the oxidative potential of ambient particle sources collected during two seasons in Fresno, CA, using the dithiothreitol (DTT) assay. We collected PM from different sources or source combinations into different ChemVol (CV) samplers in real time using a novel source-oriented sampling technique based on single-particle mass spectrometry. We segregated the particles from each source-oriented mixture into two size fractions – ultrafine Dp ≤ 0.17 μm) and submicron fine (0.17 μm ≤ Dp ≤ 1.0 μm) – and measured metals and the rate of DTT loss in each PM extract. We find that the mass-normalized oxidative potential of different sources varies by up to a factor of 8 and that submicron fine PM typically has a larger mass-normalized oxidative potential than ultrafine PM from the same source. Vehicular emissions, regional source mix, commute hours, daytime mixed layer, and nighttime inversion sources exhibit the highest mass-normalized oxidative potential. When we apportion DTT activity for total PM sampled to specific chemical compounds, soluble copper accounts for roughly 50% of total air-volume-normalized oxidative potential, soluble manganese accounts for 20%, and other unknown species, likely including quinones and other organics, account for 30%. During nighttime, soluble copper and manganese largely explain the oxidative potential of PM, while daytime has a larger contribution from unknown (likely organic) species.

scholarly journals Andine kropsopfattelser. Relationer mellem aymaras kropsbegreb og sundhedssystem

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mette Bech Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Medical System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
Traditional Practice ◽  
Sources Of Knowledge ◽  
Body Concept ◽  
Different Sources

The Aymara of Bolivia have different ways of healing their illnesses and use different sources of knowledge in the health system. According to their traditional practice they tend to start curing on a home basis using their own knowledge and experience. Otherwise they may consult the local “curanderos” who exercise different abilities. Resorting to the official medical system is rare. Apart from a specific knowledge of the effects of plants, minerals, and animal ingredients it is shown that their concept of the body influences the choice of healers and healing methods. The body concept is essentially a concept of balancing body liquids and the relation between body and nature. The latter gives evidence to talking about cultural embodiment and using the body as a metaphor of the Andean society.

scholarly journals Drama in Fostering Students’ Speaking Skills: A Systematic Review on Benefits and Problems

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Fitri Rahmawati Astiandani ◽  
Ali Mustofa
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
First Language ◽  
The Body ◽  
Learning Objectives ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Speaking Skills

Drama is pedagogy with a fairly complete component that involves the body, mind, emotions, and senses in order to build individual relationships with true-life situations so that being active in language learning is needed by students. This paper will closely explore the benefits and problems of implementing drama during the process of teaching and learning a language. In language teaching, drama has been proposed as an effective way to encourage the students’ speaking skills. Essentially, drama provides more benefits, not only in students’ speaking skills but also in other aspects. However, some problems may arise in the process of drama-based language teaching. By cross-checking and reviewing eclectically from different sources, this paper presents a critical analysis of several empirical works on drama techniques used in the context of language learning. To generalize the notion, drama is indeed precious in language learning. Nevertheless, several problems in its implementation need to be considered to achieve learning objectives properly. The review results showed that some problems that may appear during the implementation of drama were undisciplined in time management, chaotic atmosphere, the usage of the first language (L1), and status at school. Hence, several suggestions are provided as solutions to the drama problems confronted by teachers. 

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