scholarly journals UTILITY OF HERBS WITH ITS PHYSICOCHEMICAL PARAMETER IN ORAL HEALTH: A REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1507-1510
Author(s):  
Gupta N. D ◽  
Jain S. S.
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Physicochemical Parameter ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Oral Microflora ◽  
Oral Pain ◽  
Systemic Health ◽  
Micro Organisms

Oral hygiene is the key to one's healthy life. Maintaining oral hygiene is directly related to the body's first line of defence mechanism. It maintains both oral as well as systemic health. Oral microflora plays a very important role in oral hygiene. It is a complex ecosystem of several species of micro-organisms such as streptococci, Neisseria, Veillonella, Actinomyces and other obligate anaerobes. This microbiome is mainly affected by an acidic diet and the acidic environment of the oral cavity. Poor oral hygiene decreases the rate of survival of the oral microbiome and causes dental caries, periodontal diseases, halitosis oral pain & discomfort. Hence, it becomes very essential to maintain the environment of oral cavity friendly to oral microflora. Ayurveda is the science of preserving one’s health has described various herbs to maintain oral hygiene such as Khadira (Catechu tree), Sunthi (Ginger), Da- ruharidra (Indian Berbery), Tankana (Borax), etc. But, to attain its global acceptability physicochemical parameter is used to describe their action. Based on physicochemical parameters herbs seem to be effective in the maintenance of oral hygiene and can reduce the chances of oral diseases. Keywords: Oral hygiene, Oral microflora, physicochemical parameter, pH, etc.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of coconut oil pulling as an adjuvant to oral hygiene procedure on plaque-induced gingivitis among middle-aged adults – An interventional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
V. Menaka ◽  
G. Kavya ◽  
R. Bhuvaneshwari ◽  
Ain Syuhada Azali ◽  
S. Aparna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Promising Result ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Folk Remedy

Objectives: Oral health correlates with systemic health, and maintaining oral health is very important because the oral cavity is considered as a reflection of the general well-being of a human body. Daily plaque removal with a toothbrush is an important component of most oral hygiene programs intended to prevent and control two globally leading oral afflictions dental caries and periodontal diseases. Failure to comply and lack of technical skills of the patient has lessened the effectiveness of conventional tooth brushing. Because of this, research efforts have focused on adjuvant therapy along with brushing for reducing and controlling plaque-induced oral diseases. One such measure is oil pulling. Oil pulling has been used extensively as a traditional Indian folk remedy for many years to prevent decay, oral malodor, bleeding gums, dryness of throat, cracked lips, etc. Most of the studies have been done using sesame oil. Since coconut oil also has many health effects such as boosting the immune system and antimicrobial properties, this can also help in fighting against various pathogens of oral cavity that will in turn act as an effective plaque control agent. Hence, with this background, this study is contemplated to evaluate the benefit of oil pulling along with normal brushing techniques in adults under the age group of 35–44 years. Materials and Methods: Forty healthy subjects belonging to both the sexes who presented with plaque-induced gingivitis will be selected for the study and will be divided into control and study groups. The patients will be informed about the nature and purpose of the study. Health education will be provided to all the students. The modified bass technique will be demonstrated to the participants and they are directed to brush twice daily for 3 min. Toothbrush and toothpaste will be provided to all participants. Among them, 20 subjects were instructed to continue their normal oral hygiene procedures along with coconut oil pulling. Data collected were subjected to appropriate statistical tests using SPSS version 20. Results: A highly statistical difference was seen between the two groups and within the groups. Conclusion: The usage of coconut oil pulling as an adjuvant to oral hygiene gives a promising result.

The role of probiotics in correction of microbiocenosis and cytokine balance of the oral cavity of patient with chronic inflammatory disease of periodont

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-330
Author(s):  
E. S. Ovcharenko ◽  
V. V. Erichev ◽  
S. I. Risovannij ◽  
T. V. Aksenova ◽  
S. V. Melekhov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Local Immunity ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Before And After

Relevance. A long-term inflammation in the oral cavity, unreasonable treatment of periodontal patients with antibiotics cause imbalance between certain types of fungal-bacterial associations accompanied by oral dysbiosis and change of local immune status. So, development and application of new comprehensive diagnosis and treatment techniques in periodontal patients, use of products for correction of microbiota and local immunity are a current and a long-term task. Purpose is to optimize the comprehensive treatment protocol of inflammatory periodontal diseases by introducing probiotics and evaluation of oral microbiome and cytokine profile.Materials and methods. 140 patients were examined. Of these 60 patients had chronic generalized plaque-induced gingivitis and 60 patients suffered from moderate chronic generalized periodontitis. Bacterial and fungal microbiome was assessed and the host immune response was evaluated in all patients before and after the treatment. Half of the patients were treated conventionally and the other half were treated according to a modified scheme: probiotic “Bifidumbacterin Forte” was added.Results. A large number of yeast-like fungi Candida and commensal bacteria were detected in periodontal pockets of patients with chronic generalized plaque-induced gingivitis and moderate chronic generalized periodontitis. That correlates with a significant increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL—8), decrease of concentration of INF-γ and increase of antiinflammatory cytokine IL-4.Conclusion. Changes in clinical, microbiological and immunological values during a modified combination therapy with a probiotic and during a conventional treatment demonstrated that effectiveness of treatment of chronic gingivitis and chronic periodontitis increased by 40% and 37% respectively.

Surveying adherence of dental clinic patients to preventive measures in oral cavity

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. V. Kudryavtseva ◽  
V. V. Tachalov ◽  
E. S. Loboda ◽  
L. Yu. Orekhova ◽  
E. Yu. Nechai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Dental Clinic ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact

Relevance. Periodontal diseases are a medical and social problem due to the wide spread among the population of developed countries and the impact on the quality of life. Among the many factors that are important in the development of inflammatory periodontal diseases, an important role is played by adherence to the recommendations of the dentist in respecting oral hygiene. Aim of the work was to study the adherence of patients of the dental clinic to compliance with preventive measures in the oral cavity.Materials and methods. A total of 98 patients of dental clinic, 62 female (medial age 38,6 ± 14,0 years) and 36 male (medial age 37,2±13,1 years) participated in survey. The study participants flled in the profle and answered questions about age, gender, harmful working conditions and bad habits, frequency of visits to the dental clinic, attitudes to the prevention of dental diseases, knowledge about the means and methods of oral hygiene.Results. As a result of the study, it was found that in the vast majority of cases, respondents are employed in production that does not adversely affect their health (91%), only 8% of patients indicated harmful working conditions.Conclusions. The study revealed that, despite the recommendations of the dentist, patients are not always committed to the implementation of preventive measures in the oral cavity. Dentists need to motivate patients to use not only the usual methods and means of hygiene, but also additional ones necessary for maintaining dental health.

scholarly journals The occurrence of Entamoeba gingivalis among patients with periodontal disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Luszczak ◽  
Michal Bartosik ◽  
Jolanta Rzymowska ◽  
Agnieszka Sochaczewska-Dolecka ◽  
Ewa Tomaszek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Gingival Tissue ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Oral Diseases

AbstractAccording to some studies, the Entamoeba gingivalis colonizing the gingival tissue is an important agent in bringing about periodontitis. Other studies, however, deem it an opportunist that is able to survive in the medium induced by periodontal disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Entamoeba gingivalis infection in patients from the Department of Periodontology, and compare this population with that of healthy people, so as to analyze the relationships between infection and patient sex and age. The result of this work is that in both groups, a correlation (p = 0,19) has been noted between the occurrence of amoebae and other diseases in the oral cavity. Indeed, 81,4% of all patients with some periodontal disease showed the presence of amoeba. Among those who are not afflicted with oral diseases, the presence of amoeba was indicated in 62,5% of the total. In addition, a correlation between the person's age and the presence of protozoa (p = 0,15) was strongly marked among women (p = 0,19). In the three age groups of women in this study (40-49, 60-69, and above 80 years), we observed a 100% presence of protozoa.Our study leads us to the conclusion that infections with Entamoeba gingivalis should be regarded as an factor that is associated with the pathological changes occurring in patients with periodontal diseases.

scholarly journals Correlation between oral health and severity of respiratory coronavirus infection COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
A. V. Mitronin ◽  
N. A. Apresian ◽  
D. A. Ostanina ◽  
E. D. Yurtseva
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Chronic Infection ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Group 1

Aim. To establish the association between the presence of chronic infection in oral cavity and the severity of SARSCoV-2 infection.Materials and methods. The study was conducted among 30 people aged between18 and 22 who had had coronavirus infection from mild to severe cases. The assessment of oral health was carried out with main and additional examination methods, CFE index, PMA index, Greene, Wermillion oral hygiene index.Results. In group 1, the average value of CFE index was 4.2, in the second group – CFE index was twice higher at 7.8. PMA index in patients of group 2 was significantly higher (p> 0.01) and was at the level of 41.5%. In group 1, the PMA index was 13.3%. It was found that 17% of the respondents in the control group and 70% patients in the experimental group had an episodic exacerbation of dental diseases during COVID-19.Conclusions. The data obtained indicates a correlation between oral diseases and the severity of COVID-19. It is necessary to consider that chronic infection in the oral cavity as well as poor oral hygiene can act as a risk of complications of viral infections, in particular, of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Oral hygiene status of depressed patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Putri Permatasari ◽  
Gilang Yubiliana ◽  
Aulia Iskandarsyah
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Score Point

Introduction: Oral hygiene is one of the most critical factor in maintaining oral health. Depression symptoms may affect an individual’s oral health due to poor health behaviour, making depressed individuals prone to oral diseases such as caries and periodontal diseases. This study was aimed to obtain the oral hygiene status overview of depressed patients in West Java Psychiatric Hospital. Methods: This study was an observational descriptive with a cross-sectional approach to depressed patients (F.32 ICD Code). The measuring instrument used was Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified (OHI-S). Based on OHI-S, oral hygiene can be assessed into poor within 3.0 – 6.0 score point, fair within 1.3-3.0 score point, or good within 0.0 – 1.2 score point. Results: There were 30 respondents recruited using a purposive sampling method. Based on the plaque index, 1 respondent (3%) fell into good category, 23 respondents (77%) fell into the fair category, and 6 respondents (20%) fell into poor category. Based on the calculus index, 7 respondents (23%) fell into good category, 10 respondents (60%) fell into the fair category, and 5 respondents (17%) fell into poor category. Based on OHI-S, 2 respondents (7%) fell into the good category, 18 respondents (60%) fell into the fair category, and 10 respondents (33%) fell into poor category. Conclusion: Oral hygiene in-dex of depressed patients was categorised as fair.

scholarly journals The Potential of Aloe vera as an Active Ingredient in Toothpaste Formulations: A Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pegah Nasiri ◽  
Ali Malekzadeh Shafaroudi ◽  
Mahmood Moosazadeh ◽  
Delaram Poorkazemi ◽  
Javad Mehrani Sabet
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Primary Method ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Full Text Review ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
Periodontal Indices

Context: Tooth brushing is a primary method to prevent the onset of oral diseases. Aloe vera is commonly used in dentistry as an herbal alternative due to its anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial actions; recently, it has been used in toothpaste formulations as an active agent. This review aimed to investigate the clinical effects of A. vera as an active ingredient in toothpaste formulations. Materials and Methods: The data used in this review was extracted from articles published until 2020. We searched official databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, and Science Direct, using the “Aloe vera”, “dentifrice”, and “toothpaste” keywords. After screening titles and abstracts, relevant studies were used for full-text review. Results: Although conflicting results have been reported on the usage of A. vera toothpaste in different studies, the majority of findings suggest that A. vera effectively reduces periodontal indices and removes different organisms, including Streptococcus mutans. However, the overall effects of this herbal toothpaste were found to be equal to those of other commercial toothpaste. Conclusions: Aloe vera toothpaste is as beneficial as other kinds of toothpaste. Therefore, it can be used as an adjunct agent in toothpaste due to its established effects on improving periodontal problems and reducing different oral cavity micro-organisms.

scholarly journals Evaluation of effect of auditory - aid in improving oral hygiene among visually impaired individuals - Original Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagarjuna Tadiboina ◽  
Yamuna Marella ◽  
Pasupuleti R.N.L. Kiranmayi ◽  
Deepika Vasudevan ◽  
Gudipati Kameswari
Keyword(s):  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Care Givers ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Challenging Situation ◽  
Systemic Health ◽  
Oral Hygiene Instructions

Background: Oral health is an integral part of systemic health, which affects the quality of life of an individual. Physically disadvantaged individuals also start their life as normal children but, due to lack of awareness, poor motor skills, negligence of parents and care givers put them at high risk for oral diseases. So, the aim of the present study is toevaluate the effect of auditory aid in improving the oral hygiene among visually impaired children. Materials and Methods: Fifty one (51) Visually impaired individuals of age 8-25 years were included from Kala Bharathi residential school for the blind, Guntur. Oral hygiene index-simplified (OHI-S), gingival index (GI)were recorded at baselineand oral hygiene instructions were given by using Auditory-aid for 3 months. The OHI-S and GI were recorded again after 3 months to evaluate the effect of Auditory –aid. Results: At baseline, oral hygiene of the individuals was moderate to poor and mean OHI-S, GIat baseline were 2.45 and 1.75 respectively. There was improvement in the OHI-S and GI which were found to be 1.17 and 0.95 respectively after 3 months of intervention. Conclusion: Visual impairment is the most challenging situation to the individuals as the prevalence of systemic and oral diseases are more in these individuals when compared to normal individuals. However, if educated and motivated properly with the help of auditory aid these can be made to maintain good oral hygiene. Key Words: Auditory aid, Visual impairment, Oral hygiene

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF DENTAL TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS AND THEIR SEX PARTNERS

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
A.D. Krutikova
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Initial Degree ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Atopobium Vaginae

Patients with bacterial vaginosis are diagnosed with chronic generalized inflammatory and inflammatory-dystrophic periodontal diseases, such as chronic catarrhal gingivitis, periodontitis of initial and first severity. The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of the treatment of inflammatory and inflammatory-dystrophic periodontal diseases in women with bacterial vaginosis and their sexual partners. Materials and methods. 28 heterosexual couples aged 18-45 years took part in the survey. Clinical dental examination was performed at the time of treatment and 3 months after completion of treatment. Green-Vermilion indices, RMA (in Parma modification), complex periodontal index according to Leus (KPI), Svrakov's number were determined. Both groups of patients were examined for the presence of Gardnerella vaginalis and Atopobium vaginae in the oral cavity by PCR testing. The therapeutic course was the same for all groups of patients. General therapy included: "Fluconazole" 50 mg 1 time per day (7 days), "Clindamycin" 150 mg every 6 hours (5 days), starting from the 3rd day of antibiotics - probiotic "Symbiter acidophilus concentrated "(21 days), Calcium-D3-Nycomed 1 tab. during dinner 30 days. Local treatment included: oral baths of the drug "Stomatophyte" after morning and evening hygienic procedures (7 days), application of "Metrogil-dent" on the gums (7 days), the drug "Lizak" 1 tab. keep in the mouth until complete dissolution every 6 hours (5 days), after the use of "Stomatophyte" and "Metrogil - dent" - application of "Symbiter omega" on the gums in silicone caps at night (21 days). Results. In women, chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis was detected in 10.71%, chronic generalized periodontitis of the initial degree in 64.29% and chronic generalized periodontitis of the I degree in 25%. In men who are carriers of pathogens of BV, chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis was found in 7.14%, chronic generalized periodontitis of the initial degree in 60.71% and chronic generalized periodontitis in grade 32.1. General and local dental treatment of women with bacterial vaginosis and their sexual partners showed a positive objective dynamics of dental status. Thus, after 3 months of clinical and laboratory observations, there were no complaints, the state of oral hygiene improved significantly. If before the treatment the Green-Vermilion index in general in women with BV was 1.323 ± 0.035 points, then after 3 months it was equal to 1.032 ± 0.021. A similar dynamics was determined in men: from the starting index of 1.336 ± 0.041, the Green-Vermilion index decreased to 1.048 ± 0.036. 3 months after treatment, the PMA of patients decreased by 49.03%, in men - by 51.95%, no significant difference between the indicators of groups I and II was registered, while the difference between the results in the middle of groups I and II is significant . According to the KPI index, women had a significant difference between baseline and post-treatment outcomes of 1.98 points, while men had a score of 2.01 points. No significant difference was found between the results of groups I and II both before and after treatment. A similar positive dynamics characterizes the indicator - Srakov's number, according to this indicator before treatment and after differences between groups was not detected. The significant difference between the indicators in the group of women and men was 2,789 and 2,831, respectively. Before treatment and after the detection rate in the oral cavity, Gardnerella vaginalis and Atopobium vaginae did not have a significant difference between the group of men and women, but there was a clear difference between the parameters obtained at the initial examination and 3 months after treatment in the middle and second groups. Thus, Gardnerella vaginalis was detected less by 67.87% and 61.59%, Atopobium vaginae - by 65.79% and 58.65% in women and men, respectively. Conclusions. The developed and patented treatment regimen for patients with bacterial vaginosis contributes to the regression of inflammatory phenomena, improves oral hygiene, and is suitable for the treatment of women with this comorbidity and for the treatment of their sexual partners. The dynamics of reducing the percentage of detection of bacterial vaginosis pathogens corresponded to the dynamics of the clinical picture of periodontal disease in both women with bacterial vaginosis and men who were their sexual partners, which once again confirms the equal effectiveness of treatment for both gender groups.

scholarly journals Characterization of the salivary microbiome in people with obesity

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujia Wu ◽  
Xiaopei Chi ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Feng Chen ◽  
Xuliang Deng
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
And Function ◽  
Healthy Participants

Background The interactions between the gut microbiome and obesity have been extensively studied. Although the oral cavity is the gateway to the gut, and is extensively colonized with microbes, little is known about the oral microbiome in people with obesity. In the present study, we investigated the salivary microbiome in obese and normal weight healthy participants using metagenomic analysis. The subjects were categorized into two groups, obesity and normal weight, based on their BMIs. Methods We characterized the salivary microbiome of 33 adults with obesity and 29 normal weight controls using high-throughput sequencing of the V3–V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene (Illumina MiSeq). None of the selected participants had systemic, oral mucosal, or periodontal diseases. Results The salivary microbiome of the obesity group was distinct from that of the normal weight group. The salivary microbiome of periodontally healthy people with obesity had both significantly lower bacterial diversity and richness compared with the controls. The genus Prevotella, Granulicatella, Peptostreptococcus, Solobacterium, Catonella, and Mogibacterium were significantly more abundant in the obesity group; meanwhile the genus Haemophilus, Corynebacterium, Capnocytophaga, and Staphylococcus were less abundant in the obesity group. We also performed a functional analysis of the inferred metagenomes, and showed that the salivary community associated with obesity had a stronger signature of immune disease and a decreased functional signature related to environmental adaptation and Xenobiotics biodegradation compared with the normal weight controls. Discussion Our study demonstrates that the microbial diversity and structure of the salivary microbiome in people with obesity are significantly different from those of normal weight controls. These results suggested that changes in the structure and function of salivary microbiome in people with obesity might reflect their susceptibility to oral diseases.

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