scholarly journals EXPLORING GENDER STEREOTYPES IN MEDIA ADVERTS: A MULTIMODAL ANALYSIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tazanfal Tehseem ◽  
Masroor Sibtain ◽  
Zara Obaid
Keyword(s):  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Multimodal Analysis ◽  
Physical Attributes ◽  
Objectification Of Women ◽  
Erotic Fantasy ◽  
Mind Set ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

This paper aims at identifying socio-cultural portrayal of women through representational, interactive and compositional meanings with a focus on gender stereotypes propagated by media advertisements in Pakistan. Media adverts as such are an instrumental tool for manipulating attitudes and behavior of large and diverse audience for example, a large body of data reveals that women are portrayed in media to stylize their physical attributes to tempt and persuade customers. Therefore, advertisements are instrumental in creating a certain mind-set by shaping an ideologythrough highlighting the hegemonic representation of men and sexual objectification of women for creating an erotic fantasy. The data for the study comprises print media adverts which were randomly collected to have primarily advertised Pakistan TV morning shows, home products and cosmetics and have been selected on an assumption that they embody a socio-cultural perspective. The findings show that the selected advertsproject the world of male chauvinism where women are shown as the facilitating sexual objects.

scholarly journals Expectancy effects threaten the inferential validity of synchrony-prosociality research

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Atwood ◽  
Samuel A Mehr ◽  
Adena Schachner
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Placebo Effects ◽  
Expectancy Effects ◽  
Original Experiment ◽  
Prosocial Attitudes ◽  
Experimenter Expectancy ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
The Impact

A large body of theoretical and experimental work has argued that synchronized movement among people increases prosocial attitudes and behavior. Here we review prior and new evidence that reported effects of synchrony may be driven by experimenter expectancy, leading to experimenter bias; and participant expectancy, otherwise known as placebo effects. To test for the possibility of placebo effects, we asked whether participants have a priori expectations about synchrony and prosociality that match the findings in published literature. In a preregistered experiment, we asked undergraduates (N = 216) to imagine they participated in a synchrony experiment and then predict how they would feel and act afterward. The imagined experiment and the measures of their feelings and actions were taken from a highly cited experiment on synchrony. Even without experiencing an actual synchrony manipulation, participants’ expectations about the effects of synchrony on prosocial attitudes closely matched the actual effects of synchrony reported in the original experiment. The participants who imagined synchronizing expected to feel greater levels of connection, trust, same team feeling, and similarity to their partner, but not greater happiness, than the participants who imagined action that was not synchronized. These expectations (both positive and null) directly mirror reported effects of synchrony, raising the possibility that the synchrony-prosociality literature is vulnerable to placebo effects. Previously reported effects may reflect participants’ top-down expectations about synchrony, rather than the impact of experience with synchrony itself.

Correlations of Religious Belief and Practice with College Students' Tattoo-Related Behavior

2004 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 425-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome R. Koch ◽  
Alden E. Roberts ◽  
Myrna L. Armstrong ◽  
Donna C. Owen
Keyword(s):  
Religious Belief ◽  
Church Attendance ◽  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Religious Faith ◽  
Public University ◽  
Weak Negative Correlation ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

This research builds on a large body of literature which suggests that religious belief and practice suppress deviant behavior. Survey data from 520 undergraduates (64% freshmen and sophomores; 70% female; 80% Euro-American) at a large public university in the southwest were examined for whether students' strength of religious faith, church attendance, or frequency of prayer correlated with their having a tattoo, being interested in tattoos, or being likely to get a (or another) tattoo. Analysis showed strength of religious faith had a weak, negative correlation with having a tattoo, being interested in tattoos, and being likely to get a (or another) tattoo. Church attendance also weakly correlated with a reduced interest in tattooing. Since the strength of the numerous correlations was very low and barely reached statistical significance, religious belief and behavior do not appear to be associated substantively with attitudes and behavior regarding tattoos. This suggests increasing cultural acceptance of tattooing.

Using Binding Communication to Promote Conservation Among Hotel Guests

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lohyd Terrier ◽  
Benedicte Marfaing
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Communication Strategies ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Communication Model ◽  
Classical Communication ◽  
Persuasive Message ◽  
Sustainable Behavior ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

This research applies the binding communication model to the sustainable communication strategies implemented in most hotels. The binding communication model links a persuasive message with the implementation of a low-cost commitment to strengthen the link between the attitudes and behavior of those receiving the message. We compared the effectiveness of a classical communication strategy (n = 86) with that of a binding communication strategy (n = 101) to encourage guests to choose sustainable behavior. Our results show that using the binding communication strategy generates significantly more sustainable behavior in guests than using the classical communication strategy. We discuss our results and suggest future avenues of research.

Risk Attitudes and Behavior Among Norwegian Adolescents

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilde Iversen ◽  
Torbjørn Rundmo ◽  
Hroar Klempe
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Behavior Modification ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Risk Attitudes ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Public Health Programs ◽  
The Core ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Abstract. The core aim of the present study is to compare the effects of a safety campaign and a behavior modification program on traffic safety. As is the case in community-based health promotion, the present study's approach of the attitude campaign was based on active participation of the group of recipients. One of the reasons why many attitude campaigns conducted previously have failed may be that they have been society-based public health programs. Both the interventions were carried out simultaneously among students aged 18-19 years in two Norwegian high schools (n = 342). At the first high school the intervention was behavior modification, at the second school a community-based attitude campaign was carried out. Baseline and posttest data on attitudes toward traffic safety and self-reported risk behavior were collected. The results showed that there was a significant total effect of the interventions although the effect depended on the type of intervention. There were significant differences in attitude and behavior only in the sample where the attitude campaign was carried out and no significant changes were found in the group of recipients of behavior modification.

If I Had Something to Add, I Would

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-96
Author(s):  
Isaac A. Lindquist ◽  
Emily E. Adams ◽  
Joseph A. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Job Attitudes ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Meeting Effectiveness ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Abstract. Most employees participate in workplace meetings, and their experiences in meetings can vary greatly, which can lead to positive or negative effects on both job attitudes and behavior. In this study, we examined the effect that a meeting attendee’s competence in the meeting topic had on their participation in the meeting and their perception of meeting effectiveness. Results indicated those with higher levels of competence in the meeting topic were more likely to participate and through participation found their meeting more effective; this relationship was stronger when employee dissent in the meetings was high. Leaders should ensure that those who are present in a meeting are competent in the topic of the meeting and encourage them to participate.

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