scholarly journals Buglossoporus pulvinus, a rare wood-inhabiting fungus on ancient oak trees in Poland: ecology, distribution and extinction risk assessment

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Szczepkowski ◽  
Błażej Gierczyk ◽  
Anna Kujawa
Keyword(s):  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Red Lists ◽  
Oak Trees ◽  
New Localities ◽  
Białowieża National Park ◽  
Extinction Risk Assessment ◽  
Iucn Red List Criteria

Buglossoporus pulvinus is widely distributed across Europe, within the range of Quercus robur. Throughout the area in which it appears, it is rare or very rare. It is listed as an endangered species in Europe and has been added to the Red Lists of fungi in a number of countries, along with awaiting inclusion in the IUCN Red List. In this study we have critically analysed the existing data about the occurrence of B. pulvinus in Poland. We have presented two new localities of the species in question in Poland, as well as new occurrences on the territory of the Białowieża National Park, the only place where this species had been previously recorded in Poland. Selected trees and logs inhabited by B. pulvinus have been characterized. We have indicated the number of observed basidiomata, their phenology, and the sizes of the largest specimens. We have identified 8 fungus species (Bisporella citrina, Daedalea quercina, Hapalopilus croceus, Hymenochaete rubiginosa, Laetiporus sulphureus, Mycena galericulata, M. inclinata, Xylobolus frustulatus) that coexist with B. pulvinus. Based on the new distribution data for B. pulvinus in Poland, according to IUCN Red List criteria this species should be classified as Endangered (EN).

scholarly journals Targeted expansion of Protected Areas to maximise the persistence of terrestrial mammals

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Mogg ◽  
Constance Fastre ◽  
Martin Jung ◽  
Piero Visconti
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Conservation Priorities ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Terrestrial Mammals ◽  
Iucn Red List Criteria

ABSTRACTOver a quarter of species assessed by the IUCN Red List are threatened with extinction. A global commitment to protect 17% of land and 10% of the oceans by 2020 is close to being achieved, but with limited ecological impacts due to its inadequacy and poor enforcement. Here, we reverse-engineer IUCN Red List criteria to generate area-based conservation targets and spatial conservation priorities to minimize the extinction risk of the world terrestrial mammals. We find that approximately 60% of the Earth’s non-Antarctic land surface would require some form of protection. Our results suggest that global conservation priority schemes, among which the Aichi targets, will be inadequate to secure the persistence of terrestrial mammals. To achieve this goal, international cooperation is required to implement a connected and comprehensive conservation area network, guided by high priority regions outlined in this study.

Three new species of Freziera (Pentaphylacaceae, Freziereae) from Bolivia and Peru

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 349 (2) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANIEL SANTAMARÍA-AGUILAR ◽  
ALFREDO F. FUENTES ◽  
LAURA P. LAGOMARSINO
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
New Species ◽  
New Taxa ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Iucn Red List Categories ◽  
Red List Categories ◽  
Extinction Risk Assessment ◽  
Three New Species

We describe and illustrate three new species of Freziera collected from the “ceja de monte yungueña” cloud forests in Bolivia and Peru. Freziera apolobambensis and F. erickitae, both endemic to Bolivia, have small leaves and pink-magenta flowers, whereas F. magnibracteolata, found in Peru and Bolivia, is characterized by its adaxially pubescent leaves with whitish beige trichomes and inflorescences with large bracts and bracteoles. An extinction risk assessment based on the IUCN Red List categories and criteria indicates that F. apolobambensis should be considered Critically Endangered (CR), whereas F. erickitae and F. magnibracteolata should be considered Endangered (EN). The distribution, phenology, and habitat of the new taxa are provided, and affinities with their presumed closest relatives are discussed. 

Shortfalls in extinction risk assessments for plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 466
Author(s):  
Matthew Alfonzetti ◽  
Malin C. Rivers ◽  
Tony D. Auld ◽  
Tom Le Breton ◽  
Tim Cooney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Risk Assessments ◽  
Endemic Plants ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Extinction Risk Assessment ◽  
Epbc Act

Research on species recovery, reintroduction, and conservation disproportionally focusses on birds and mammals. Typically, less attention is given to hyper-diverse but ecologically important groups such as plants and invertebrates. In this study, we focussed on a continent with one of the world’s highest proportions of endemic plant species (Australia) comparing the number of extinction risk assessments relative to birds and mammals. Specifically, we generated a checklist of Australian endemic vascular plants and used three resources which differ in styles and scope to collate information on how many have an extinction risk assessment – the ThreatSearch database, International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List, and Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999, (EPBC Act). Between 76 and 93% of endemic Australian plants examined lack an extinction risk assessment based on data from our three sources. We also compared the proportions of endemic plants assessed relative to birds and mammals. Of all endemic plant taxa examined, only 6.8% have been assessed under the EPBC Act, compared with 9.4% of birds and 28.9% of mammals. Similarly, only 8.8% of endemic plants have been assessed for the IUCN Red List, compared with 29.1% of birds and 61.1% of mammals, whereas all birds and mammals have been examined in National Action Plans. This represents a significant underestimation of the actual proportion of Australian endemic plants that are likely to satisfy extinction-risk criteria for listing as threatened. This shortfall in risk assessments for plants is a matter of international significance for conservation given Australia’s high rate of plant endemism. A change in policy and approach to assessing extinction risk is needed to ensure adequate assessment effort across different taxonomic groups.

scholarly journals Conservation of terrestrial invertebrates: a review of IUCN and regional Red Lists for Myriapoda

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 930 ◽  
pp. 221-229
Author(s):  
Manoela Karam-Gemael ◽  
Peter Decker ◽  
Pavel Stoev ◽  
Marinez I. Marques ◽  
Amazonas Chagas Jr
Keyword(s):  
Threatened Species ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Current Conservation ◽  
Terrestrial Invertebrates ◽  
Red Lists ◽  
Limit Protection ◽  
Regional Red Lists

Red Listing of Threatened species is recognized as the most objective approach for evaluating extinction risk of living organisms which can be applied at global or national scales. Invertebrates account for nearly 97% of all animals on the planet but are insufficiently represented in the IUCN Red Lists at both scales. To analyze the occurrence of species present in regional Red Lists, accounts of 48 different countries and regions all over the world were consulted and all data about myriapods (Myriapoda) ever assessed in Red Lists at any level assembled. Myriapod species assessments were found in eleven regional Red Lists; however, no overlap between the species included in the global IUCN Red List and the regional ones was established. This means that myriapod species considered threatened at regional level may not be eligible for international funding specific for protection of native threatened species (more than US$ 25 million were available in the last decade) as most financial instruments tend to support only threatened species included in the IUCN Red List. As the lack of financial resources may limit protection for species in risk of extinction, it is urgent to increase the possibilities of getting financial support for implementation of measures for their protection. A Red List of all Myriapoda species recorded in Red Lists at national or local (596) and global (210) scales totaling 806 species is presented. This list shows for the first time an overview of the current conservation status of Myriapoda species. Here, the urgent need of establishing a Myriapoda Specialist Group in the Species Survival Commission of IUCN is also stressed.

scholarly journals A data-driven geospatial workflow to improve mapping species distributions and assessing extinction risk under the IUCN Red List

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruben Dario Palacio ◽  
Pablo Jose Negret ◽  
Jorge Velásquez-Tibatá ◽  
Andrew P. Jacobson
Keyword(s):  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Species Distributions ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Distance Weighted ◽  
Extinction Risk Assessment

ABSTRACTSpecies distribution maps are essential for assessing extinction risk and guiding conservation efforts. Here, we developed a data-driven, reproducible geospatial workflow to map species distributions and evaluate their conservation status consistent with the guidelines and criteria of the IUCN Red List. Our workflow follows five automated steps to refine the distribution of a species starting from its Extent of Occurrence (EOO) to Area of Habitat (AOH) within the species range. The ranges are produced with an Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) interpolation procedure, using presence and absence points derived from primary biodiversity data. As a case-study, we mapped the distribution of 2,273 bird species in the Americas, 55% of all terrestrial birds found in the region. We then compared our produced species ranges to the expert-drawn IUCN/BirdLife range maps and conducted a preliminary IUCN extinction risk assessment based on criterion B (Geographic Range). We found that our workflow generated ranges with fewer errors of omission, commission, and a better overall accuracy within each species EOO. The spatial overlap between both datasets was low (28%) and the expert-drawn range maps were consistently larger due to errors of commission. Their estimated Area of Habitat (AOH) was also larger for a subset of 741 forest-dependent birds. We found that incorporating geospatial data increased the number of threatened species by 52% in comparison to the 2019 IUCN Red List. Furthermore, 103 species could be placed in threatened categories (VU, EN, CR) pending further assessment. The implementation of our geospatial workflow provides a valuable alternative to increase the transparency and reliability of species risk assessments and improve mapping species distributions for conservation planning and decision-making.

scholarly journals Clarifying misconceptions of extinction risk assessment with the IUCN Red List

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 20150843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Collen ◽  
Nicholas K. Dulvy ◽  
Kevin J. Gaston ◽  
Ulf Gärdenfors ◽  
David A. Keith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Species At Risk ◽  
Iucn Red List Categories ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Risk Of Extinction ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
Extinction Risk Assessment ◽  
Red Listing

The identification of species at risk of extinction is a central goal of conservation. As the use of data compiled for IUCN Red List assessments expands, a number of misconceptions regarding the purpose, application and use of the IUCN Red List categories and criteria have arisen. We outline five such classes of misconception; the most consequential drive proposals for adapted versions of the criteria, rendering assessments among species incomparable. A key challenge for the future will be to recognize the point where understanding has developed so markedly that it is time for the next generation of the Red List criteria. We do not believe we are there yet but, recognizing the need for scrutiny and continued development of Red Listing, conclude by suggesting areas where additional research could be valuable in improving the understanding of extinction risk among species.

scholarly journals Detecting Extinction Risk from Climate Change by IUCN Red List Criteria

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 810-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID A. KEITH ◽  
MICHAEL MAHONY ◽  
HARRY HINES ◽  
JANE ELITH ◽  
TRACEY J. REGAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Iucn Red List Criteria

scholarly journals Mollinedia ruschii (Monimiaceae, Mollinedioideae), a new Critically Endangered species microendemic to the Atlantic rainforest, eastern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 154 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-158
Author(s):  
Elton John De Lírio ◽  
Raquel Negrão ◽  
Paulo Takeo Sano ◽  
Ariane Luna Peixoto
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Habitat Specificity ◽  
Critically Endangered Species ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
Extinction Risk Assessment

Background – Studies of neotropical Monimiaceae revealed a new species of Mollinedia endemic to the state of Espírito Santo, eastern Brazil. In this study, we describe, illustrate, and compare the new species with related taxa. In addition, ecological comments and extinction risk assessment of the new species are provided.Methods – This study was based on herbarium material and field work observations. The risk of extinction assessment follows the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species’ Criteria and Categories and the latest version of the IUCN Guidelines.Results – Mollinedia ruschii sp. nov. has habitat specificity with few individuals recorded, mainly in the Estação Biológica de Santa Lúcia, a protected area created by Augusto Ruschi, a Brazilian naturalist and researcher, to whom we dedicate the name of the new species. Phytosociological and forest dynamics studies and intensive field work in the area where the species occurs, enabled the detection of the decline of mature individuals in previous decades. Following the IUCN Red List criteria, the species is assessed as Critically Endangered.

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