scholarly journals The effect of site preparation on seed tree regeneration of drained Scots pine stands in Finland

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyrki Hytönen ◽  
H Hökkä ◽  
M Saarinen
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Site Preparation ◽  
Tree Regeneration ◽  
Minimum Requirements ◽  
Soil Preparation ◽  
Ca 50 ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Tree Cutting ◽  
Forest Legislation ◽  
Scots Pine Stands

We studied the success of natural regeneration eight years after seed tree cutting on four drained peatland Scots pine stands in central and northern Finland (Parkano, Sievi, Vaala, Simo) when retaining ca. 50 Scots pine stems ha-1 followed by site preparation. The total number and the number of crop seedlings and their mean height were investigated by species and methods of site preparation (control, scalping, mounding). The results showed that the total seedling numbers were very high (9,100 – 51,000 ha-1) in all sites and treatments. The share of downy birch seedlings was 64 –76 %. The total number of crop seedlings varied from 1,450 to 2,000 ha-1 (2,000 maximum density accepted), with number of Scots pine seedlings varying from 600 in Parkano to 1,950 ha-1 in Sievi. Site preparation increased the number of pine crop seedlings on two of the four sites: at Parkano by 900 – 1,100 seedlings ha-1 and at Vaala by 600 – 800 seedlings ha-1. On average, the number of pine crop seedlings was slightly higher and that for all birch seedlings clearly higher when site preparation was applied. About 22 – 81% of crop seedlings were grown in a prepared surface in scalped plots and 75-91% on mounded plots. The mean height of the crop seedlings was not significantly affected by the site preparation treatment. With respect to the minimum requirements set for the regeneration result required by forest legislation, seed tree cutting appeared to provide sufficient regeneration in eight years in terms of the total seedling density and the number of crop seedlings when downy birches were included. The beneficial effect of soil preparation was seen in the increased share of Scots pine crop seedlings.

scholarly journals The Structure of Northern Siberian Spruce–Scots Pine Forests at Different Stages of Post-Fire Succession

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia I. Stavrova ◽  
Vadim V. Gorshkov ◽  
Paul N. Katjutin ◽  
Irina Ju. Bakkal
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Size Structure ◽  
Tree Regeneration ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Dwarf Shrub ◽  
Species Structure ◽  
Siberian Spruce ◽  
Scots Pine Forests ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Scots Pine Stands

The process of post-fire recovery in mixed Siberian spruce–Scots pine forests (Picea obovata Ledeb.-Pinus sylvestris L.), typical for the European North-West, was studied in the Kola peninsula (Russia). We used the spatial–temporal approach to reveal the size structure (diameter at breast height (DBH) distribution) and vital state of Siberian spruce and Scots pine stands, tree regeneration and species structure of the dwarf shrub–herb and lichen–moss layers at different stages of post-fire succession (8–380 years after the fire). It was found that in both forest-forming species, the process of stand stratification results in the allocation of two size groups of trees. In Siberian spruce, these groups persist throughout the succession. In Scots pine, DBH distributions become more homogeneous at the middle of succession (150–200 years after the fire) due to the extinction of small-size individuals. Siberian spruce stands are dominated by moderately and strongly weakened trees at all succession stages. The vitality status of Scots pine stands is higher compared to Siberian spruce up to 150 years after a fire. The dynamics of regeneration activity is similar in both species, with a minimum at the middle of the restoration period. The results indicate that in Siberian spruce–Scots pine forests, the stand structure and regeneration activity differs substantially in the first half of succession (up to 200 years after the fire) and become similar in the late-succession community. The study of lower layers revealed that the cover of moss–lichen and dwarf shrub–herb layers stabilize 150 years after a fire. Changes in species structure in both layers are observed until the late stage of succession. The originality of the structure and dynamics of mixed Siberian spruce–Scots pine forests is revealed based on a comparison with pure Siberian spruce forests in the same region.

scholarly journals The effect of planting, seeding and soil preparation on the regeneration success of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) on drained peatlands – 10-year results

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-106
Author(s):  
Jyrki Hytönen ◽  
Hannu Hökkä ◽  
Markku Saarinen
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Alces Alces ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Soil Preparation ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Scots Pine Stands

AbstractWe studied the effect of regeneration (planting/seeding) and soil preparation methods (no soil preparation/scalping/mounding) on the regeneration success of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) on three drained peatland Scots pine stands in northern Finland. After ten years, planting and sowing showed no differences in the total number of Scots pine seedlings (one seedling per sowing spot accepted) with the exception of the Sievi experiment. Without soil preparation the total number of Scots pine seedlings was 350–600 per ha. Scalping increased the number of Scots pine seedlings to 550–900 per ha, with the exception of seeding at Sievi. In mounded plots, with the exception of seeded plots at the Sievi site, the number of planted or seeded seedlings was 1,325–2,350 per ha. The number of crop seedlings in all the experiments and for all the soil preparation treatments reached the target of 2,000 seedlings per ha if naturally regenerated Scots pine, Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) or birch (Betula spp.) seedlings were accepted as such. Moose (Alces alces L.) damage in Scots pine crop seedlings ranged from 4% in Sievi to 65% in Simo. The proportion of planted or seeded Scots pines of the crop seedlings was 23% in unprepared plots, 30% in scalped plots and 75% in mounded plots. Mounding increased the share of Scots pine seedlings in the overall crop seedlings. Planted seedlings were taller than seeded seedlings. Planting in mounds gave the best overall results in terms of the number of crop seedlings and their height ten years after the treatment.

Typology of the natural regeneration in a middle-aged Scots pine forest

1988 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. De Schepper
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Free Field ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Pedunculate Oak ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Scots Pine Forest ◽  
Forest Practice ◽  
Scots Pine Stands

The  study describes the natural regeneration state of a forest on coarse sandy  soils. The natural regeneration was studied in three different ecological  conditions: in 30 to 60 year old Scots pine stands, in a 62 year old mixed  stand of pedunculate oak and red oak, and on the free field.     The analysis of the regeneration groups revealed that the first settler  maintained a dominant social position during the following years after the  settlement. The structural basis is consequently laid out early. This means  that the forest practice has to consider the very first phase of the  regeneration as determining for the following evolution of the regeneration  groups.

An analysis of a spontaneous ingrowth of deciduous trees in 70 year old stands of Scots pine

1987 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Lust
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Red Oak ◽  
Deciduous Trees ◽  
Pedunculate Oak ◽  
Black Cherry ◽  
Height Distribution ◽  
Stem Number ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Spontaneous Regeneration ◽  
Scots Pine Stands

In 70  years old homogeneous Scots pine stands, bordered by a hardwood belt, an  analysis was made about the spontaneous ingrowth of natural seedlings. The  analysis involved especially the following points: species and stem number,  influence of the hardwood belts, diameter and height distribution, age,  growth and structure. From the age of 30 years, a spontaneous regeneration of  hardwoods established in Scots pine stands. There are on average 7,000 plants  per ha, 80 % of which are black cherry and another fair number are red oak  and pedunculate oak. The regeneration has an average age of 25 to 30 years,  it is uneven aged, contains several diameter and height classes and has  already partially penetrated the upper stratum.     The spontaneous ingrowth allows to convert in a simple way the homogeneous  coniferous stands into mixed hardwood stands.

scholarly journals Bayesian calibration, comparison and averaging of six forest models, using data from Scots pine stands across Europe

2013 ◽  
Vol 289 ◽  
pp. 255-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. van Oijen ◽  
C. Reyer ◽  
F.J. Bohn ◽  
D.R. Cameron ◽  
G. Deckmyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Bayesian Calibration ◽  
Forest Models ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Scots Pine Stands

scholarly journals Belowground biomass models for young oligotrophic Scots pine stands in Latvia

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Kenina ◽  
A Bardulis ◽  
R Matisons ◽  
R Kapostins ◽  
A Jansons
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Belowground Biomass ◽  
Biomass Models ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Scots Pine Stands

scholarly journals Parameters of Pinus sylvestris health condition and Ips acuminatus population in pure and mixed stands of Sumy region

2020 ◽  
pp. 131-140
Author(s):  
Valentyna Meshkova ◽  
Ivan Bobrov
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Forest Health ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Population Parameters ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Scots Pine Stands

Outbreaks of bark beetles have increased in recent years in various regions. Pine engraver beetle (Ips acuminatus (Gyllenhal, 1827); Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) is most common in the pine forests of many European countries. Research on its biology and spread carried out in different natural conditions, phases of pest outbreak and considered various parameters to characterize the population of the pest and forest health condition. The aim of the research was to compare the health condition of Scots pine stands and population parameters of I. acuminatus in its two generations in pure and mixed stands in Polissya and Forest-steppe parts of Sumy region. Research was carried out in 2017 in the pure Scots pine stands and mixed stands with Scots pine and other forest species in Polissya (State Enterprise "Seredyno-Budsky Agroforest Economy"; State Enterprise "Seredyno-Budsky Forest Economy") and Forest-steppe parts (State Enterprise "Velykopysarivske Agroforest Economy"; State Enterprise "Okhtyrske Forest Economy") of Sumy region at 26 sample plots. In sample plots, parameters of forest health condition and bark beetle population were assessed in June and in September, after completion of development of spring and summer generation of I. acuminatus.  By most of the parameters assessed, significant differences between sample plots in Forest-Steppe and Polissya parts of Sumy region were not found. In pure Scots pine stands the mean area of bark beetles’ foci and bark beetles’ production were larger in Forest-steppe in June, and the density of Ips acuminatus nuptial chambers in June and September. In pure Scots pine stands the area of I. acuminatus focus, the number of colonized trees, the proportion of recently died trees, health condition indices, the density of egg galleries and nuptial chambers as well as young beetle’s production increased from June to September. In mixed stands the focus area, the number of colonized trees and health condition index increased insignificantly, and population parameters of I. acuminatus decreased from June to September. Pure Scots pine stands changed the health condition from "severely weakened" to "drying up" in three months, and mixed ones remained in the "weakened" category. In pure pine stands, the density of egg galleries and beetles of the young generation increased for three months from the lower limit of a moderate level to a high level, the density of nuptial chambers – from low to a high level. In mixed stands, all population parameters of I. acuminatus correspond to a low population level. The parameters characterizing the investigated foci of I. acuminatus in the Sumy region significantly correlated with the participation of pine in the stand composition, and in September the correlation is closer than in June. The data obtained indicate the feasibility of creating predominantly mixed pine stands.

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