scholarly journals Carbon and nitrogen stabile isotope ratio and heavy metals in Leccinum aurantiacum in a hybrid aspen plantation in agricultural land

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arta Bārdule ◽  
Dagnija Lazdiņa ◽  
Kristīne Zadvinska ◽  
Lauma Buša ◽  
Arturs Vīksna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Isotope Ratio ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Wood Ash ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Hybrid Aspen ◽  
Element Cycling ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen

Edible mycorrhizal fungi can be harvested in the fourth year after establishment of a hybrid aspen plantation in previous agricultural land at hemiboreal conditions. It is important to understand the role of fungi in element cycling at the ecosystem level as well as the amounts of elements, including heavy metals, that are accumulated in fruitbodies of edible fungi in the context of food safety. We therefore evaluated the carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratio and contamination of Leccinum aurantiacum (Bull.) Gray with heavy metals (Cr, Pb, Mn, Ni, Cd, Cu and Zn) in a juvenile hybrid aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx. × Populus tremula L.) plantation in agricultural land initially fertilised with biogas production residues (digestate), sewage sludge and wood ash, which are potential pollution sources. The research object was established in the spring of 2011, but the natural occurrence of fruitbodies of L. aurantiacum was observed in 2014. The average isotopic data for fruitbodies of L. aurantiacum, collected in the 2014–2018 monitoring period, ranged between -27.4 and -24.5 ‰ for δ13C and between 7.8 and 10.1 ‰ for δ15N. The average content of investigated heavy metals in fruitbodies of L. aurantiacum were up to 129 mg kg-1 for Zn, up to 99 mg kg-1 for Cu, up to 30 mg kg-1 for Mn, up to 1.5 mg kg-1 for Ni, up to 1.7 mg kg-1 for Cd, up to 1.1 mg kg-1 for Cr and up to 0.6 mg kg-1 for Pb. We concluded that the application of digestate, sewage sludge and wood ash as fertilisers to improve soil quality in hybrid aspen plantations in agricultural land did not result in altered isotopic compositions or contamination levels of Leccinum aurantiacum (Bull.) Gray.

scholarly journals Optimal Solutions for the Use of Sewage Sludge on Agricultural Lands

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 585
Author(s):  
Catalina Iticescu ◽  
Puiu-Lucian Georgescu ◽  
Maxim Arseni ◽  
Adrian Rosu ◽  
Mihaela Timofti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Optimal Solutions ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Made In

The use of sewage sludge in agriculture decreases the pressure on landfills. In Romania, massive investments have been made in wastewater treatment stations, which have resulted in the accumulation of important quantities of sewage sludge. The presence of these sewage sludges coincides with large areas of degraded agricultural land. The aim of the present article is to identify the best technological combinations meant to solve these problems simultaneously. Adapting the quality and parameters of the sludge to the specificity of the land solves the possible compatibility problems, thus reducing the impact on the environment. The physico-chemical characteristics of the fermented sludge were monitored and optimal solutions for their treatment were suggested so as to allow that the sludge could be used in agriculture according to the characteristics of the soils. The content of heavy metals in the sewage sludge was closely monitored because the use of sewage sludge as a fertilizer does not allow for any increases in the concentrations of these in soils. The article identifies those agricultural areas which are suitable for the use of sludge, as well as ways of correcting some parameters (e.g., pH), which allow the improvement of soil quality and obtained higher agricultural production.

scholarly journals Bioavailability of heavy metals in soils amended with sewage sludge

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
M T Morera ◽  
J. Echeverría ◽  
J. Garrido
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Alkaline Soils ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metals Bioavailability ◽  
Heavy Metals In Soils

The recycling of sewage sludge to agricultural land results in the slow accumulation of potentially toxic heavy metals in soils. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to determine the bioavailability of Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn applied to soils in urban anaerobically stabilized sewage sludge. The soils were Lithic Haplumbrept (Lh), Calcixerollic Xerochrept (Cx1 and Cx2) and Paralithic Xerorthent (Px). Sunflower plants (Helianthus annuus L) were grown in the soils following amendment with the sludge. The addition of sewage sludge markedly increased the average dry weight of the plants in the soils that had lower yields without sludge addition (Lh, Cx2, and Px). The acid pH of the Lh soil favoured the bioavailability of Zn from sewage sludge. The bioavailability of Cu was greater in the alkaline soils than in the acidic soil (Lh), which can be attributed to the high organic matter content of the Lh soil which complexes Cu and impairs its uptake by the plants. The concentration of metals in the plants increased with the sewage sludge dose. The effect of the soil type on the metal concentration in plants was greater that the effect of the dose. Key words: Soils, sewage sludge, heavy metals, bioavailability, sunflower

scholarly journals The Effect of Biochar Mixed with Compost on Heavy Metal Concentrations in a Greenhouse Experiment and on Folsomia Candida and Eisenia Andrei in Laboratory Conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 809-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Goldan ◽  
Valentin Nedeff ◽  
Narcis Barsan ◽  
Emilian Mosnegutu ◽  
Andrei Victor Sandu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Organic Wastes ◽  
Greenhouse Experiment ◽  
Folsomia Candida ◽  
Eisenia Andrei ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Application Rates

Organic wastes treated, used on agricultural land, can replace inorganic fertilizers, due to physical and chemical properties that improve soil and crop quality on long-term. In this study, was used biochar produced from sewage sludge, compost obtained from cattle manure, and mixtures made from biochar-compost in different concentration, at 5 t/ha and 30 t/ha, application rates. The aim of the study is to determine the influence of this organic wastes on the heavy metals bioavailability in greenhouse conditions and on Folsomia candida and Eisenia Andrei, used as test organisms under laboratory conditions. Compared to control variants, the use of biochar mixed with compost in different concentration at 5 t/ha and 30 t/ha, application rates, in a greenhouse experiment did not significantly affect the concentrations of heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Zn and Pb). Reproduction of collembolans has not been influenced by increasing application rate of the mixtures, and by concentrations of biochar or compost. The earthworms recorded weight losses, only in the experimental treatments with sewage sludge biochar used in different concentrations, at both application rates.

scholarly journals Heavy metals uptake by the hybrid aspen and rowan-tree clones

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 491-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Malá ◽  
P. Máchová ◽  
H. Cvrčková ◽  
T. Vaněk
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Hybrid Aspen ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metal ◽  
Essential Metal ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Aseptic Conditions ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Heavy Metals Uptake

Micropropagated plantlets derived from selected clones of the hybrid aspen (<I>Populus tremula × Populus tremuloides</I>) and the rowan-tree (<I>Sorbus aucuparia</I> L.) were used to determine the comparative study of uptake of the toxic, heavy metals Cd, Pb and the essential metal Mn. Samples of roots and aboveground parts (hypocotyl-derived tissues, leaves and stems) were taken from the plantlets grown for 24, 48, 96, or 168 hrs under aseptic conditions, in hydroponics with the toxic heavy metal and the essential metal salts. The concentration and distribution of the accumulated metals were determined using the ICP-OES method. The differences in the uptake capacity of hybrid aspen and rowan-tree clones for Cd, Pb and Mn were identified. Generally, the amounts of accumulated Cd and particularly Pb were much higher in the roots of both hybrid aspen and rowan-tree clones, than in their shoots, at all sample times. Conversely, the amounts of accumulated Mn were significantly lower than Cd and Pb in all plant parts of the hybrid aspen and rowan-tree samples. Patterns of Mn uptake were similar in the above-mentioned tissues of both clones, at all sample times. We concluded that the two clones of hybrid aspen and rowan-tree, lacking auxiliary soil microbiota, can accumulate large amounts of the toxic heavy metals Cd (800–1,500 mg/kg) and Pb (5,000–13,000 mg/kg) in roots and about 100 mg/kg of Cd was determined in aboveground part of hybrid aspen.

Bacterial Leaching of Heavy Metals From Anaerobically Digested Sewage Sludge

1983 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Wong ◽  
J.G. Henry
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Bacterial Leaching ◽  
Beneficial Reuse ◽  
Digested Sewage Sludge

Abstract Spreading of sewage sludges on agricultural land is an attractive sludge management option because it combines beneficial reuse and disposal at the same time. However, it is important to reduce the metal content in the sludge in order to minimize the health hazard associated with metal uptake by plants and its subsequent accumulation in the food chain. Treatment of sludge with acid for metal removal is not practical because a large amount of acid is required. Typically 0.5 to 0.8 g of H2SO4/g dry weight of sludge will be required to achieve over 70% removal of cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn) and nickel (Ni). Lead (Pb) and copper (Cu) are not significantly removed. A biological process called bacterial leaching, which has been used commercially for extracting copper and uranium from low grade ores, was reviewed and its potential for removing heavy metals from anaerobically digested sewage sludge was investigated. Leaching experiments were conducted and the results showed that about 80 to 90% removal of cadmium, zinc and nickel, and 60 to 70% removal of copper were possible. The acid requirement was significantly reduced because only 0.15 g of H2SO4/g dry weight of sludge was needed.

scholarly journals Pyrolysis of Municipal Sewage Sludge to Investigate Char and Phosphorous Yield together with Heavy-Metal Removal—Experimental and by Thermodynamic Calculations

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1477
Author(s):  
Naeimeh Vali ◽  
Lars-Erik Åmand ◽  
Aurélie Combres ◽  
Tobias Richards ◽  
Anita Pettersson
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Microwave Plasma ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽  
Chemical Fractionation ◽  
Different Temperatures

Sewage sludge is regarded as a potential source for soil fertilizer However, the direct utilization of sewage sludge in agricultural land is restricted since it also contains heavy metals, pathogens, and toxic compounds. Pyrolysis of the sewage sludge destroys the organic pollutants and partly volatilizes the heavy metals. In this study, pyrolysis of sewage sludge was carried out in order to determine the optimum residence time and temperature to recover the phosphorous and remove heavy metals from the resultant sewage sludge char (SSC). Pyrolysis was conducted on dried sewage sludge (DSS) by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and high-temperature oven with an N2-atmosphere. Microwave Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (MP-AES) was used to determine the concentration of P and trace elements in the resulting solid char fraction. A combination of chemical fractionation (step-by-step leaching) of the DSS and thermodynamic equilibrium calculations were utilized to estimate the availability of phosphorous and removal of heavy metals in the SSC fraction at different temperatures. The results from the thermodynamics calculation were in line with the measured chemical composition of the SSC. Furthermore, the energy contents of the SSC obtained at different temperatures were measured. The pyrolysis evaluation results indicate that phosphorous was enriched in the char, while lead, zinc, and cadmium were significantly removed.

Fate of heavy metals after application of sewage sludge and wood–ash mixtures to short-rotation willow coppice

2006 ◽  
Vol 142 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Dimitriou ◽  
J. Eriksson ◽  
A. Adler ◽  
P. Aronsson ◽  
T. Verwijst
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Wood Ash ◽  
Short Rotation

scholarly journals Present restrictions of sewage sludge application in agriculture within the European Union

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 104-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hana Hudcová ◽  
Jan Vymazal ◽  
Miloš Rozkošný
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
European Union ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Council Directive ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Concentration Limits ◽  
Sludge Application

The use of sludge in agriculture within the European Union (EU) is currently regulated only by the limits of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn) listed in Council Directive 86/278/EEC. This document is now more than 30 years old. Several European countries have introduced more stringent requirements in comparison with the directive, and have adopted limits for concentrations of other heavy metals, synthetic organic compounds and microbial contamination. The paper provides an overview of the current limits of these substances in sewage sludge and concentration limits of heavy metals in soil intended for sludge application, together with applicable laws and regulations in European Union countries. There is a need to update these regulations taking into account the current risks associated with the application of sludge to agricultural land, with the possibility of using ecotoxicological tests to assess the risks. A wide range of technologies for sewage sludge processing is used in EU countries. The predominant choice is a direct application in agriculture followed by composting. The use of sewage sludge in agriculture in 2014 and 2015 in 13 EU countries that provided data amounted to 22.6% (2014) and 22.1% (2015) of produced sludge and 23.3% (2014) and 23.1% (2015) of sludge disposed. It is also highly variable within EU countries ranging between zero (Malta, Slovenia, Slovakia) and 80% (Ireland). Over 50% of sewage sludge is used in agriculture in Bulgaria according to 2015 data.  

scholarly journals Heavy metals partition between leachate and solids in the course of municipal sewage treatment

2019 ◽  
pp. 367-377
Author(s):  
Hanna Obarska-Pempkowiak ◽  
Wieslaw Butajlo ◽  
Janusz Pempkowiak
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Soil Fertilization ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Secondary Sludge ◽  
Treated Sewage ◽  
Two Stages

Measurements of heavy metals contents (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd) were carried out in liquid and solid fractions of sewage and sewage sludge after stabilization as well as dewatering. Investigation was carried out in municipal WWTP ,,Wschod" in Gdansk. The flow of sewage was equal to 88 000 m3 /d. The treatment consists of two stages: the first stage - mechanical (4screens, 2 sandtraps, 4 primary sedimentation tanks) and the second stage - advanced biological MUCT system (6 reactors - each incorporating the following chambers: dephosphatation, pre-denitrification, denitrification and nitrification followed by 2 secondary sedimentation tanks) modified by introduction of an additional chamber which secures dioxidation of sewage recirculated between nitrification and denitrification chambers. Sewage sludge (primary and secondary) is stabilized by fermentation. The last step of sludge utilization is mechanical dewatering. Samples of sewage were collected at the following points of the WWTP: at the beginning - raw sewage, mechanically treated sewage and biologically treated sewage. Samples of reject waters after thickening and after mechanical dewatering of sludge were collected too. The following types of sewage sludge were investigated: primary, secondary, thickened (on the Klein press), digested and mechanically dewatered (Noxon centrifuges). In the sampling points samples were collected twice per month during the 6 months period in the years 2000-2001. Inflowing sewage carried the following loads of heavy metals: Zn - 27.2 kg/d, Cu - 5.4 kg/d, Pb - 1.3 kg/d and Cd - 0.4 kg/d.  Basing on balances of heavy metals loads it was proved that 87.0% Zn and 83.0% Cu were kept in sludge. Among analysed sewage sludge samples, the highest contents of heavy metals was found in sludge after mechanical dewatering and in the mixture of primary and secondary sludge (Zn - 780.4 mg/kg d.m., Cu - 144.6 mg/kg d.m., Pb - 5.4 mg/kg d.m. and Cd - 2.4 mg/kg d.m. The contents of heavy metals in examined sludge were compared with Polish admissible loads of metals applied with sludge to soil fertilization. Basing on the findings, admissible loads of sewage sludge to agricultural land were not exceeded.

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