scholarly journals Role of Endophytic Fungi on Arsenic Uptake and Tolerance in Schizachyrium Scoparium

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cherie DeVore ◽  
Eliane ElHayek ◽  
Taylor Busch ◽  
Benson Long ◽  
Paul Owen-Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Schizachyrium Scoparium ◽  
Arsenic Uptake

Arsenic uptake, arsenite efflux and plant growth in hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata: Role of arsenic-resistant bacteria

Chemosphere ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 1937-1942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-He Han ◽  
Jing-Wei Fu ◽  
Yanshan Chen ◽  
Bala Rathinasabapathi ◽  
Lena Q. Ma
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Pteris Vittata ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Arsenic Uptake ◽  
Arsenic Resistant Bacteria

scholarly journals Biological characterization of fungal endophytes isolated from agarwood tree Aquilaria crassna Pierre ex Lecomte

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoang Kim Chi ◽  
Le Huu Cuong ◽  
Tran Thi Nhu Hang ◽  
Nguyen Dinh Luyen ◽  
Tran Thi Hong Ha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Aquilaria Crassna ◽  
Fruity Odor

In recent years, a considerable number of studies on the role of microbes in agarwood production have been carried out in plants of the species Aquilaria. Based on the fact that there is a relationship between the microorganisms residing inside the plant and the agarwood formation, we isolated and characterized endophytic fungi associated with A. crassna samples collected from Southern Vietnam. Morphological identification and DNA barcoding analysis of the fungal endophytic isolates indicated that they were classified at least into three groups of diverse genera: Geotrichum, Fusarium and Colletotrichum belonging to families Dipodascaceae, Nectriaceae and Glomerellaceae, respectively.  Noteworthy, Geotrichum candium strain SHTr1 isolated from a dark colored woody sample of agarwood was able to produce a fruity odor and exhibited a slight antimicrobial activity against the test bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. Another fungal isolate, Fusarium verticillioides SHTr3’s, showed a moderate antimicrobial activity against a test Gram positive bacteria Bacillus subtillis and S. aureus with MIC values at 50 μg.mL-1. At 200 μg.mL-1, the ethyl acetate extracts of fungal isolates F. verticillioides SHTr3 and Colletotrichum truncatum SHTrHc7 were found to have comparable scavenging abilities on DPPH-free radicals with 53.87 and 71.82%, respectively. The present results contribute to a depiction of a diverse fungal endophytic community in Vietnamese agarwood plant A. crassna and provide important information for further understanding of the role of endophytic fungi in agarwood formation and therapeutic applications of host plants in general.

Identification of endophytic hyphae of Lophodermium piceae in tissues of green, symptomless Norway spruce needles by immunoelectron microscopy

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 1768-1774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Suske ◽  
Georg Acker
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Immunogold Labeling ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Hyphal Sheath ◽  
Spruce Needles

Antiserum specific for Lophodermium piceae hyphae was obtained by absorbing a rabbit L. piceae antiserum with hyphal material of different fungal isolates. The specificity of this absorbed antiserum was tested with hyphae of endophytic fungi isolated from green, asymptomatic needles of Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst.) using the on-section immunogold labeling technique. With this specific, absorbed antiserum, a homogenous labeling was obtained with cultured hyphae of L. piceae, whereas all other spruce needle endophytes examined remained practically unlabeled. Insignificant cross-reactivity was also observed with needle tissues. The absorbed antiserum was then applied for the immunoelectron microscopical identification of L. piceae hyphae in situ in infected tissues of green, asymptomatic Norway spruce needles. The function of papillalike structures observed in infected needle mesophyll as well as the role of the hyphal sheath surrounding endophytic L. piceae hyphae are discussed in connection with the interaction between L. piceae and asymptomatic Norway spruce needles.

scholarly journals Effect of phosphorus in reducing arsenic availability in soils and arsenic uptake by maize

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-227
Author(s):  
Habib Mohammad Naser ◽  
Sarmin Sultana ◽  
Sohela Akhter ◽  
Rowshan Ara Begum
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Soil Science ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Arsenic Uptake ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
P Addition ◽  
P Supply

A pot experiment was carried out in the net house of Soil Science Division of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur Gazipur on 16 March 2010 and 12 January 2011 with a view of study the effect of P addition to As-contaminated soils and the consequences on As uptake of maize (Zea mays L.) plants. Experiments were conducted in consecutive two years. Arsenic was added to the pots at the rates of 0, 20 and 30 mg kg?1, and P at 0, 30 and 60 mg kg?1. Thus there were seven treatment combinations, i.e., As0P0, As20P0, As30P0, As20P30, As20P60, As30P30, and As30P60. Phosphorus fertilization increased total As uptake, but the increase was restricted to the root. As concentration of root was much higher than that of shoot. As concentrations in shoot and root were positively correlated (r = 0.913, r = 0.975; P<0.01) in 2010 and 2011, respectively, and plant As was positively correlated to the plant P in shoot (r = 0.883 and 0.875; P<0.01) and in root (r = 0.829, P<0.05 and 0.917; P<0.01). The plants took up much greater amounts of P than As. Although it is well known that phosphate inhibits arsenate uptake (Wang et al., 2002), but it is highlighted the role of P fertilization to increase As uptake in maize plants. The results presented here indicate P supply may effect in higher As allocation to the plant parts, which has practical application in soil-crop systems. These findings could have important implications for human health and agricultural systems, since it may reduce As contamination through the consumption of crops (phytoextraction) grown on contaminated soils.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 40(2): 217-227, June 2015

Endophytic Fungi as a reservoir of Lignocellulolytic Enzymes- A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 134-140
Author(s):  
Ram Kumar Pundir ◽  
Pranay Jain
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Present Status ◽  
Lignocellulolytic Enzymes ◽  
Agricultural Industries ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Apparent Adverse Effect

The potential use of microorganisms as biotechnological sources of industrially important enzymes has stimulated interest in exploration of extracellular enzymatic activity in several microorganisms. Endophytic fungi are those fungi which colonize plants internally without apparent adverse effect. Endophytic fungi are relatively unexplored producers of metabolites useful to pharmaceutical and agricultural industries. As a result, the role of endophytes in production of various natural products with greater bioactivity has received increased attention. Endophytic fungi have been found to degrade lignocellulose consisting of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose with the aid of lignocellulases enzynes. This review highlights the potential of endophytic fungi for production of lignocellulases and also discusses the present status and future prospectives in this field.

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