scholarly journals Utjecaj lokaliteta na sigurnost i kvalitetu slavonske kobasice

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Perković ◽  
Dragan Kovačević ◽  
Manuela Zadravec ◽  
Tina Lešić ◽  
Jelka Pleadin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Penicillium Verrucosum

Slavonska kobasica je trajna kobasica koje se u seoskim domaćinstvima u Slavoniji proizvodi tradicionalnom tehnologijom, pri kojoj se tijekom zrenja na ovitku proizvoda mogu razviti plijesni. Cilj je ovog rada bio identificirati površinske plijesni i utvrditi njihov utjecaj na kvalitetu i zdravstvenu sigurnost proizvoda, uključujući pojavnost mikotoksina okratoksina A (OTA) i aflatoksina B1 (AFB1). Tijekom rada komunicirano je sa šest proizvodnih lokaliteta na području Slavonije. Pripremljeno je 18 uzoraka slavonske kobasice koje su analizirane na kraju proizvodnog procesa u trajanju od tri mjeseca. Ukupno je identificirano 8 različitih vrsta plijesni, među kojima je dominirao rod Penicillium (88,89 %). Osim šest Penicillium vrsta, izolirana je po jedna vrste iz rodova Aspergillus (8,33 %) i Mucor (2,78 %). Identificirani su i mogući izvori OTA i AFB1, Penicillium verrucosum i Aspergillus flavus, a određena je samo prisutnost OTA i to u koncentraciji od 5,10 μg/kg.

scholarly journals Ozone inactivation of fungi associated with barley grain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brent Allen
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Vegetative State ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
High Moisture Content ◽  
Penicillium Verrucosum ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Ozone Dose

The use of ozone as a fungicide for barley storage was studied. The effects of ozone on the inactivation of natural and inoculated fungi on barley were evaluated at different water activities and temperatures. Results indicated that higher ozone doses were better at inactivating the natural fungi on barley than lower ozone doses. An ozone dose of 0.98mg/g • min was able to reduce the natural fungi counts on the barley at 0.98aw by over 97% after 45 minutes of ozone contact time. The inactivation of the natural fungi and Aspergillus flavus on the barley was favoured by higher temperatures. Ozone consumption of the barley was higher at higher temperatures. Tests on A. flavus spores inoculated on barley indicated that they were resistant to ozone doses up to 4.90mg/g while Penicillium, verrucosum spores showed no resistance to any ozone doses that were tested. Inactivation of A. flavus (vegetative state) and P. verrucosum spores were favoured by higher water activities. The effect of ozone on barley germination was also examined. By 15 minutes of treatment at an ozone dose of 0.98mg/g • min, all the fungi tested were inactivated by over 90%, while germination was only reduced by 6%. Different water activities had no effect on the germination of barley. The findings show that ozone may be applied as a fumigant against fungi attacking high moisture content barley and provide the possibility of using it as an alternative to current chemicals for preserving stored barley.

scholarly journals PLASMA-CHEMICAL METHOD OF GRAIN FUNGAL CONTAMINATION CONTROL

2020 ◽  
pp. 127-130
Author(s):  
G.V. Taran ◽  
S.G. Pugach ◽  
A.A. Zamuriev ◽  
P.O. Opalev ◽  
M.O. Yaroshenko
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Grain Storage ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Fungal Contamination ◽  
Penicillium Verrucosum ◽  
Storage Unit ◽  
Contamination Control ◽  
Penicillium Nordicum ◽  
Maize Grain

The experimental results on the effect of grain treatment with ozone-air mixture on the level of artificial grain contamination with micromycetes are presented. The contamination dynamics for 1000 kg of wheat grain contaminated with Penicillium nordicum and Aspergillus flavus and stored in the prototype grain storage unit in ozone environment for 6 months is shown. The study on the effect of ozone on the growth inhibition of Aspergillus flavus for maize grain and Penicillium verrucosum for wheat grain in a 100 dm3 silo is presented. The effect of ozone on the content of aflatoxins in maize grain additionally contaminated with Aspergillus flavus is studied. The efficiency of ozone technologies for large-scale grain storage, as well as for reducing fungal contamination and controlling mycotoxin content in food grains, is shown.

scholarly journals Ozone inactivation of fungi associated with barley grain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brent Allen
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Vegetative State ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
High Moisture Content ◽  
Penicillium Verrucosum ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Ozone Dose

The use of ozone as a fungicide for barley storage was studied. The effects of ozone on the inactivation of natural and inoculated fungi on barley were evaluated at different water activities and temperatures. Results indicated that higher ozone doses were better at inactivating the natural fungi on barley than lower ozone doses. An ozone dose of 0.98mg/g • min was able to reduce the natural fungi counts on the barley at 0.98aw by over 97% after 45 minutes of ozone contact time. The inactivation of the natural fungi and Aspergillus flavus on the barley was favoured by higher temperatures. Ozone consumption of the barley was higher at higher temperatures. Tests on A. flavus spores inoculated on barley indicated that they were resistant to ozone doses up to 4.90mg/g while Penicillium, verrucosum spores showed no resistance to any ozone doses that were tested. Inactivation of A. flavus (vegetative state) and P. verrucosum spores were favoured by higher water activities. The effect of ozone on barley germination was also examined. By 15 minutes of treatment at an ozone dose of 0.98mg/g • min, all the fungi tested were inactivated by over 90%, while germination was only reduced by 6%. Different water activities had no effect on the germination of barley. The findings show that ozone may be applied as a fumigant against fungi attacking high moisture content barley and provide the possibility of using it as an alternative to current chemicals for preserving stored barley.

scholarly journals Aspergillus flavus Growth Inhibition and Aflatoxin B1 Decontamination by Streptomyces Isolates and Their Metabolites

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 340
Author(s):  
Ixchel Campos-Avelar ◽  
Alexandre Colas de la Noue ◽  
Noël Durand ◽  
Guillaume Cazals ◽  
Véronique Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Specific Production ◽  
Penicillium Verrucosum ◽  
Streptomyces Spp ◽  
Residual Toxicity ◽  
Promising Source

Aflatoxin B1 is a potent carcinogen produced by Aspergillus flavus, mainly during grain storage. As pre-harvest methods are insufficient to avoid mycotoxin presence during storage, diverse curative techniques are being investigated for the inhibition of fungal growth and aflatoxin detoxification. Streptomyces spp. represent an alternative as they are a promising source of detoxifying enzymes. Fifty-nine Streptomyces isolates and a Streptomyces griseoviridis strain from the commercial product Mycostop®, evaluated against Penicillium verrucosum and ochratoxin A during previous work, were screened for their ability to inhibit Aspergillus flavus growth and decrease the aflatoxin amount. The activities of bacterial cells and cell-free extracts (CFEs) from liquid cultures were also evaluated. Fifty-eight isolates were able to inhibit fungal growth during dual culture assays, with a maximal reduction going down to 13% of the control. Aflatoxin-specific production was decreased by all isolates to at least 54% of the control. CFEs were less effective in decreasing fungal growth (down to 40% and 55% for unheated and heated CFEs, respectively) and aflatoxin-specific production, with a few CFEs causing an overproduction of mycotoxins. Nearly all Streptomyces isolates were able to degrade AFB1 when growing in solid and liquid media. A total degradation of AFB1 was achieved by Mycostop® on solid medium, as well as an almost complete degradation by IX20 in liquid medium (6% of the control). CFE maximal degradation went down to 37% of the control for isolate IX09. The search for degradation by-products indicated the presence of a few unknown molecules. The evaluation of residual toxicity of the tested isolates by the SOS chromotest indicated a detoxification of at least 68% of AFB1’s genotoxicity.

scholarly journals Development of an Antifungal and Antimycotoxigenic Device Containing Allyl Isothiocyanate for Silo Fumigation

Toxins ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Quiles ◽  
Tiago Nazareth ◽  
Carlos Luz ◽  
Fernando Luciano ◽  
Jordi Mañes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Allyl Isothiocyanate ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Previous Trial ◽  
Control Test ◽  
Penicillium Verrucosum

The aims of this study were to evaluate the antifungal activity of the bioactive compound allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) against Aspergillus flavus (8111 ISPA) aflatoxins (AFs) producer and Penicillium verrucosum (D-01847 VTT) ochratoxin A (OTA) producer on corn, barley, and wheat. The experiments were carried out initially in a simulated silo system for laboratory scale composed of glass jars (1 L). Barley and wheat were contaminated with P. verrucosum and corn with A. flavus. The cereals were treated with a hydroxyethylcellulose gel disk to which 500 µL/L of AITC were added; the silo system was closed and incubated for 30 days at 21 °C. After that, simulated silos of 100 L capacity were used. Barley, wheat, and corn were contaminated under the same conditions as the previous trial and treated with disks with 5 mL of AITC, closed and incubated for 90 days at 21 °C. In both cases, the control test did not receive any antifungal treatment. The growth of the inoculated fungi and the reduction in the formation of AFs and OTA were determined. In the lab scale silo system, complete inhibition of fungal growth at 30 days has been observed. In corn, the reduction of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was 98.5%. In the 100 L plastic drums, a significant reduction in the growth of A. flavus was observed, as well as the OTA formation in wheat (99.5%) and barley (92.0%).

Systemic aspergillosis caused by an aflatoxin-producing strain of Aspergillus flavus

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. MORI ◽  
M. MATSUMURA ◽  
K. YAMADA ◽  
S. IRIE ◽  
K. OSHIMI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Flavus

Identificação de Espécies de Aspergillus e Potencial Toxígeno de Aspergillus flavus Isolados de Rações Comerciais

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-136
Author(s):  
V.C. Alves ◽  
F.C. Cardoso Filho ◽  
M.M.G. Pereira ◽  
A.P.R. Costa ◽  
M.C.S. Muratori
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Flavus

Synthesis, photosensitization and antimicrobial activity evaluation of some novel Merocyanine dyes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Cyanine Dyes ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Activity Evaluation ◽  
Visible Spectra ◽  
Merocyanine Dyes

Novel acyclic and cyclic merocyanine dyes derived from the nucleu of furo [(3,2-d) pyrazole; ( d 2 , 3 )imidazole]were prepared. The electronic visible absorptionspectra of all the synthesized new cyanine dyes were examined in 95% ethanolsolution to evaluate their photosensitization properties. Antibacterial andantifungal activities for some selected dyes were tested against various bacterialand fungal strains (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus flavus andCandida albicans) to evaluate their antimicrobial activity. Structural identificationwas carried out via elemental analysis, visible spectra, IR and 1H NMRspectroscopic data.

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