scholarly journals Legal basis for ethical behavior of civil servants in Ukraine: some problematic issues

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (68) ◽  
pp. 882-895
Author(s):  
Zvarych Roman Vasylovych ◽  
Havretska Maryna Yosypivna ◽  
Andrukhiv Oleh Ihorovych ◽  
Kaleniuk Oksana Mykolayivna ◽  
Boiko Ihor Yosypovych
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Behavior ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Ethical Conduct ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
The Subject

The objective of the article is to consider the legal basis for regulating the rules of ethical conduct of civil servants in Ukraine and, at the same time, to compare them with the relevant legislative framework of other countries. The subject of the study is the analysis of the legal basis for regulating the rules of ethical conduct of public officials in Ukraine. The research methodology includes the following methods: normative and dogmatic method, hermeneutic method, method of analysis and synthesis, dialectical method, legal and comparative method, legal modeling method. It is concluded that there is only one special legal act to regulate the ethics of public officials in Ukraine, but it is not binding, as it does not have the appropriate legal means of influence. Practical involvement. Based on international experience, it was concluded that Ukraine should adopt its own Code of Ethics for public officials.

SUBJECTS EXECUTING CUSTODIAL SENTENCES: CONCEPT, CHARACTERISTICS, CLASSIFICATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 82-88
Author(s):  
Ренат Зинурович Усеев
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Article ◽  
Correctional Institution ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Deductive Method ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
State Coercion

В последние десятилетия окончательно определена правовая основа служебной деятельности сотрудников уголовно-исполнительной системы и исправительных учреждений. Сотрудники исправительных учреждений помимо субъекта несения службы являются важным субъектом, на которого государством возложены полномочия по приведению в исполнение меры государственного принуждения - наказания (самостоятельно или в составе учреждения, органа). Субъекты, исполняющие наказания в виде лишения свободы, обладают определенными признаками. К ним относятся: внешняя обособленность, персонификация, способность вырабатывать, выражать и осуществлять персонифицированную волю, приобретение свойства субъекта права в силу юридических норм. Рассматриваемых субъектов следует классифицировать на три группы: 1) исправительные учреждения (территориальный орган ФСИН России); 2) коллективные субъекты, исполняющие наказания (администрация, персонал (работники) исправительных учреждений); 3) персональные субъекты, исполняющие наказания (начальник исправительного учреждения, сотрудник исправительного учреждения). Цель работы - показать роль и значение субъектов, исполняющих наказания в виде лишения свободы, определить их ключевые черты и установить виды (персональные, коллективные либо имеющие статус юридического лица). Методами исследования в научной статье явились универсальные методы (анализ и синтез, индукция и дедукция, аналогия и классификация); теоретические методы (абстрагирование, гипотетико-дедуктивный метод) и др. Выводы и результаты работы определяются достижением ее целей. In recent decades, the legal basis for the official activities of employees of the penitentiary system and correctional institutions has been finally determined. Employees of correctional institutions, in addition to the subject of service, are an important subject to whom the State has the authority to enforce a measure of state coercion - punishment (independently or as part of an institution, body). Subjects who execute sentences in the form of deprivation of liberty have certain characteristics. These include: external isolation, personification, the ability to develop, express and exercise a personalized will, the acquisition of the property of the subject of law by virtue of legal norms. The subjects under consideration should be classified into three groups: 1) correctional institutions (territorial body of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia); 2) collective subjects executing punishments (administration, staff (employees) of correctional institutions); 3) personal subjects executing punishments (the head of a correctional institution, a correctional institution employee). The purpose of the work is to show the role and significance of the subjects executing sentences in the form of imprisonment, to identify their key features and to establish types (personal, collective or having the status of a legal entity). The research methods in the scientific article were universal methods (analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, analogy and classification); theoretical methods (abstraction, hypothetical and deductive method), etc. The conclusions and results of the work are determined by the achievement of its goals.

scholarly journals ETHICAL NORMSIN THE ACTIVITIES OF PUBLIC SERVICE ENTITIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 120-131
Author(s):  
VESELOV Mykola ◽  
YEPRYNTSEV Pylyp
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Ethical Behavior ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
Ethical Conduct ◽  
The Public ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
To Receive

Background. The choice of the topic of the article is dictated by the presence of significant theoretical problems and the need to improve the understanding and legal definition of the principle and rules of ethical behaviorin the activities of public service entities in Ukraine. The aim of the article is to obtain new scientific results in the form of substantiated conclusions and proposals for solving current theoretical, applied and legal problems of determining the principle and rules of ethical behaviorin the activities of public service entities in Ukraine. Materials and methods. The empirical basis of the study were legal acts of legislation of Ukraine and some other countries, scientific works of other scholars in the field of administrative law. Thanks to a combination of general scientific and special methods of cognition it was possible to process the specified empirical material and to receive own scientific conclusions. Results. It is noted that there is no clear definition and common understanding of the concept of the principle of ethical conduct of public service entities in the Ukrainian legislation. It is stated that the normative consolidation of ethical norms for different categories of public service entities in Ukraine takes place mainly at the by-law level and has a sectoral nature. It is established that the terms «principle of ethical conduct» and «rules of ethical conduct» are interdependent concepts, but not identical. Conclusion. According to the results of the research, the author’s vision is given to the concepts of «principle of ethical behavior» and «rules of ethical behavior». It is emphasized that the provisions of the Codes of Ethics or the Code of Ethics should also include requirements that would regulate the conduct of the public service entity in the off-hours. The necessity of unification of basic principles of public service in profile laws is substantiated, which should be reflected in general provisions of branch Rules and Codes of ethics together with special norms which will embody specificity of this or that public activity. Keywords: public service, the subject of public service, principles of activity, ethical behavior, rules, norms.

Overcoming the identity of claims when re-applying to the court in civil cases

2021 ◽  
pp. 137-137
Author(s):  
Anna V. Goncharova
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Logical Method ◽  
The Subject

The work is devoted to the actual problem of repeated consideration by courts of general jurisdiction of similar disputes contrary to the principles of procedural economy and legal certainty. The main scientific methods are used: the dialectical-materialistic method of scientific knowledge, the formal-logical method, the method of analysis and synthesis. We subject the elements of the claim to scientific analysis as a means of its individualization. We examines in detail the views of scientists on the subject of the claim, the actual and legal basis of the claim, the parties and the content of the claim as objects of individualization of claims when establishing their identity. Close attention is paid to the use of alternative grounds of claim in disputes arising from ongoing legal relations. We study the ways of artificially changing the new claim in order to overcome the validity of the court decision made on the original claim. We formulate a proposal for a temporary restriction on the filing of new claims in disputes characterized by continuing legal relations, and also justifies the expediency of introducing the concept of “actual identity” of claims into scientific circulation. In conclusion, we mark the dishonest methods of overcoming of identity claims, among which manipulation of the legitimation of the parties to the dispute, interpretation existed at the time of consideration of the initial claim of the circumstances of the case as a new cause of action, the formal change of the plaintiff.

scholarly journals Ethical Conduct of Public Servants

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (71) ◽  
pp. 725-736
Author(s):  
Anatolii Anatoliiovych Rusetskyi ◽  
Yevhen Yuriyovych Podorozhnii ◽  
Andrii Tanko ◽  
Oleksandr Oleksandrovych Frolov
Keyword(s):  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Ethical Conduct ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Advanced Training ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
Public Servants ◽  
Training Requirements ◽  
The World ◽  
Conflicting Interests

The objective of the investigation was to examine the content and specific characteristics of the ethical conduct of public officials in Ukraine and the world. To achieve the objective, the authors used the following methods: epistemological, comparative-legal, structural-functional, analytical, informative-analytical. Among the results of the article, it was possible to consider the ethical conduct of public servants in a broad and narrow sense. In the same way, the main requirements of the legislation that regulate the conduct of public servants have been analyzed and the conditions that standardize in detail the legal relationships in the field of professional activity of public servants, their relationships with each other and with citizens. Finally, everything allows us to conclude that a Code of Ethics for public servants establishes common rules of conduct for them and determines responsibility for their violation. To be effective, this regulatory legal act must also include the following obligations for public servants: requirements for the performance of official functions; requirements for advanced training; requirements for relationships with colleagues, managers, and subordinates; norms of communication with citizens and norms to resolve conflicting interests.

scholarly journals Preventing conflicts of i nterest: the policy of giving and accepting gifts in the civil service

2020 ◽  
pp. 279-285
Author(s):  
M. D. Nauryzbek
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Gift ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government ◽  
The One ◽  
Personal Interests

The article raises the issue of conflict of interest and its prevention. The first threat of a conflict of interest in general is a violation of the balance between the personal interests of civil servants and the public interest. And the second risk is that a conflict of interest reduces the level of public trust and confidence in the loyalty and impartiality of public officials. This article analyzes and studies the real form of conflict of interest in Kazakhstan, namely two gift policy options. In particular, the zero gift policy and the limited gift ban policy are the subject of this research. On the one hand, the gift policy may completely prohibit accepting the gifts in order to prevent conflicts of interest. This zero gift policy implies that there is a ban for any gifts, regardless of the price. The establishment of a zero gift policy affects the level of confidence in the government, since citizens know that no factors affect the performance of a civil servant’s work. However, this will significantly restrict the freedom of action of civil servants. On the other hand, the gift policy can determine the rules for accepting the gifts both at workplace and after the work hours. If a gift is permissible, then there is a question of establishing an acceptable price. This means adopting a policy of limited prohibition on gifts and such a policy promotes the development of civil servants' consciousness. As a result, the author suggests a more favorable policy for Kazakhstan.

ABOUT THE PLACE AND ROLE OF ETHICS IN TOURISM

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 11-30
Author(s):  
Marek Kazimierczak
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Method ◽  
Moral Dilemmas ◽  
Ethical Reflection ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Text Interpretation ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose. The aim of the article is to deepen the philosophical and ethical reflection on the phenomenon of modern tourism which forms the opportunity to determine the objective scope regarding ethics of practical tourism, its tasks and goals. Method. In addition to the classical methods based on analysis and synthesis of research material, the author applies elements of the historical-comparative method, as well as the hermeneutic method for text interpretation. Findings. As it turns out, in the subject-related literature, there is no extensive theory of tourism ethics that could fill the clear gap appearing in the studies on the axiological nature of relationships and relations in tourism. In this article, the author tries to show that it is not possible to separate ethics from the issue of development in general and the development of tourism in particular. Research and conclusions limitations. Ethical reflection on a post-modern tourism has revealed a number of barriers and limitations faced by ethical behavior in the sphere of tourism, especially when talking about the possibility of self-realisation or self-realisation through participation in tourist travels. Practical implications. In-depth understanding of the ethical problems concerning modern tourism can favor behaviors going beyond everyday tourist practices. Originality. The article is an attempt at synthetic summary of the most important issues and moral dilemmas faced by a contemporary tourism. Type of paper. The article constitutes a review, in which theoretical and historical themes interlace with empirical examples concretising the theses put forward.

scholarly journals ANTICORRUPTION COMPLIANCE: INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE IN LEGAL REGULATION AND INNOVATION FOR UKRAINE

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 765-770
Author(s):  
Оlena Lutsenko
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
Compliance Management ◽  
The Public ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Domestic Practice ◽  
First Time

Purpose: To explore and to analyze the global experience in anticorruption compliance management and to highlight exceptional importance of the anticorruption compliance system to be implemented in Ukraine for fighting corruption; to determine necessary steps to involve workers to the local anticorruption program; to offer specific recommendations for reforming the existing anticorruption compliance system in Ukraine. Methodology: The study was conducted with general scientific (formalization, abstraction, analysis, and synthesis) and specific scientific (formal and legal, comparative and legal, and legal forecasting) cognitive methods applied. Result: Upon thorough investigation of the issue, the author concluded that the anticorruption compliance system should be approved upon discussion with public officials, offered a new form of this discussion to be effective and to function in fighting against corruption offenses in domestic practice, and noticed that compliance management should involve professional standards, powers distribution regulation, and ethics rules determination. Applications: The study is known to be innovative in Ukraine and the results might be interesting and useful for domestic legislators and public administration subjects at the building of the highly effective anticorruption compliance system. Novelty/Originality: The study is believed to cast some light on the gaps in this issue which needed to be clarified since previous poor efforts seem still contradictory. The subject of the study is considered in Ukraine for the first time. The results of the study are obtained based on the independent investigation of the current anticorruption program in the public service and might be promising for effective application.

Concerning the abuse of power by an official

2020 ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
Ihor Oheruk
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Code ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Abuse Of Power ◽  
Government Functions ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Criminal Legislation ◽  
Logical Semantic

Purpose. The purpose of the work is to analyze the application of the second and third parts of Article 3692 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine to officials in the context, that defines them by the Criminal Code of Ukraine in the note to Article 364 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. Methodology. The methodology includes a comprehensive analysis and synthesis of the available scientific and theoretical material and the formulation of relevant conclusions and recommendations. In the course of the study, the following methods of scientific knowledge were used: terminological, logical-semantic, system-structural, logical-normative. Results: in the course of research the cause of criminalization of such act as "abuse of power" is considered, the subject of the specified criminal act which has the features of "an official" in the context, that defines it by the note to Article 364 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine is analyzed and the main ways of committing criminal acts, that are provided for in this article of the Criminal Code of Ukraine are identified. Originality. The study found, that one of the key conditions for the opportunity to influence officials, that are authorized to perform government or local self-government functions, is the position held by the official and the related opportunities. Therefore, taking into account the opinion of the scientists, that the subject of crimes, that are provided for by the second and third parts of Article 3692 is special, the peculiarities of which is the cumulative feature, that denotes, that such person is not endowed with the status of an official, well-founded need to specify the criminal legislation of Ukraine in terms of the application the second and third parts of Article 3692 of the Criminal code of Ukraine concerning officials in the context, that defines them by the criminal legislation of Ukraine in the note to Article 364 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. Practical significance. The research results can be used in lawmaking in the improvement of anti-corruption legislation.

دية القتل الخطأ في الحوادث المرورية في الفقه الإسلامي: دراسة مقارنة Blood Money for Unintended Manslaughter in Traffic Accidents in Islamic Jurisprudence: A Comparative Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
عارف علي عارف القره داغي ◽  
فايزة بنت إسماعيل ◽  
ئاوات محمد آغا بابا
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Mutual Fund ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Inductive Approach ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Islamic Jurisprudence ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Blood Money ◽  
Major Factors

الملخّصيتعلق هذا البحث بموضوع دية القتل الخطأ في الحوادث المرورية في الفقه الإسلامي في العصر الحاضر لكثرة وقوعها وحاجة الناس إلى بيان أحكامها من حيث كيفية تقديرها. وتحرير الخلاف في دية المرأة، ومسألة دية الجنين في حال تعرضه للموت في بطن أمه نتيجة الحادث المروري، أو في حالة تعرضه للإجهاض والموت، وتناول أيضًا دية شخصين إذا ماتا نتيجة اصطدام سيارتين؛ فكيف تقدَّر الدِّية؟ وعالج البحث مسألة العاقلة في الوقت الحاضر التي تساعد الطرفين (الجاني والمجني عليه وذلك بجمع الدية وإعطائها للمجني عليه). وذلك من خلال استخدام المنهج الاستقرائي والمنهج المقارن: حيث يتم من خلاله جمع النصوص المتعلقة بالموضوع، وآراء العلماء المتقدمين، والمعاصرين، والمقارنة بينهما لمعرفة نقاط الاتفاق والاختلاف، لتجلية معالم الموضوع، وتسهيل مناقشتها بصورة دقيقة، ثم بيان الرأي الراجح. وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى أنَّ دية القتل في الحوادث المرورية في العصر الحاضر تساوي بالدينار الذهبي، الذي يساوي 4.250 جرامًا من الذهب، أو بما يساويها من النقد. وأنَّ الراجح هو تساوي دية الرجل مع دية المرأة. وفي حالة عدم وجود العاقلة لابأس من إنشاء شركة تعاونية لمساعدة من وقع منه الحادث.الكلمات المفتاحية: الدِّية، حوادث المرور، دية المرأة، دية الجنين، العاقلة. Abstract         This research addresses the subject of blood money for unintended manslaughter in traffic accidents according to Islamic jurisprudence in the present era due to the frequency of their occurrence and the need for people to understand the legal provisions concerning determining the amount. In this regard, we seek to clarify the disagreements regarding the blood money for women and foetuses that die in the mother’s womb as a result of traffic accidents or abortion. We also address the issue of blood money for two people who die as a result of collision between two cars. We also examine the issue of ʿĀqilah (those who pay the blood money) who helped the two parties (the offender and the victim by collecting blood money and giving it to the victim). To clarify these issues, we use the inductive approach and comparative method wherein we collect the various texts on the subject, and the views of classical and contemporary scholars to engage in a comparison between them in order to identify the points of agreement and disagreement between views. From here, we also hope to identify the major factors pertaining to such issues in order to facilitate a precise and concrete discussion to arrive at the most correct opinion. The study found that blood money for manslaughter in traffic accidents in the present era is equal to a gold dinar, which is equal to 4.250 grams of gold, or its cash equivalent. We advocate that the correct view is that the amount of blood money paid to a man is equal to that of a woman, and that in the absence of an ʿĀqilah it is possible to form a cooperative or mutual fund to render assistance to the victim.Keywords: blood money, traffic accidents, women, foetus, ʿĀqilah.

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