scholarly journals The Influence of Artificial Intelligence on the Human Potential Development: The Views of Orthodox Clergy and Parishioners

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (65) ◽  
pp. 400-418
Author(s):  
Mikhail V. Vinichenko ◽  
Marina V. Rybakova ◽  
Galina Y. Nikiporets-Takigawa ◽  
Oхana L. Chulanova ◽  
Natalia V. Ljapunova
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Conceptual Apparatus ◽  
Potential Development ◽  
The Social

The article discusses the nature of the influence of artificial intelligence on the development of human potential from the point of view of the Orthodox clergy and their parishioners. Methodologically, surveys and statistics were used to find out the opinion of the study subjects. A common phenomenon in the study was a unique consolidated position of all categories of Orthodox respondents on the danger that artificial intelligence represents. Most Orthodox are concerned about the unpredictability of creating and using artificial intelligence, especially in a pandemic. The authors considered the position of clergy, parishioners with and without a church on the nature of artificial intelligence's influence on human potential, the threats and risks to humans that come from artificial intelligence. The main advantage of the work is the results obtained on the basis of the comparative analysis of the positions of different categories of orthodox respondents on the nature of the influence of artificial intelligence on the development of human potential. In conclusion, the results can be used to develop a categorical-conceptual apparatus, to systematize knowledge about the use of artificial intelligence in the social and spiritual spheres.

New humanitarian practices for developing human potential: edutainment centers megacities of the World

2021 ◽  
pp. 104-114
Author(s):  
Ksenia Andreevna Fiofanova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Soft Skills ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Science Parks ◽  
Social Competencies ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Educational Potential

The article presents a comparative analysis of the development of edutainment centers (towns of professions, science parks, museums-interactoriums) in the cities of the world. Edutainment centers, in fact, not being pedagogical centers, implement humanitarian practices for the development of children, focusing on the development of social competencies (soft-skills), self-determination competencies (self-skills), competencies of the 21st century (future-skills). In educational research from a scientific and pedagogical point of view, the educational potential of edutainment centers has not been studied. However, their importance in the development of human potential is quite large. Also, according to the indicator «innovative educational infrastructure» (including edutainment centers), the index of innovative cities in the world and the index of human development are calculated. That is, the phenomenon of edutainment centers and their educational potential is an important element of the social and educational policy of the countries of the world.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence Tax: Prospects of Introduction in the Russian Federation

Financial law ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 20-22
Author(s):  
Olga I. Lyutova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Public Law ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Russian Federation

The presented article analyzes the legality of the potential introduction of a tax on artificial intelligence in the Russian Federation from the point of view of its economic feasibility, which will not only achieve the proper economic effect from the introduction of the new tax, but also smooth out the social resonance. The author explores various approaches to the interpretation of the concept of the principle of economic feasibility of a tax, projecting its content on the fact of the appearance of a tax on artificial intelligence. The study concludes that there is insufficient justification for the introduction of a tax on artificial intelligence by the need for public law education to financially provide training in new professions for people who have lost their jobs as a result of the use of artificial intelligence by their employer. An analysis is made of the place of the tax on artificial intelligence in the system of taxes and fees of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Ética e inteligencia artificial. Una discusión jurídica.

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-134
Author(s):  
Ramón Darío Valdivia Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Technological Advance ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Intelligence ◽  
Human Being ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

Humanity has gone through an evolutionary process based on the advancement of technology created by human intelligence. Currently, the concept of intelligence has detached itself from the corporality of the human being and has the intention of changing it: its models, relationships and convictions. This paper claims the dependence, even symbolic, of that IA to the social archetypes of our weltanchauung. From this point of view, technological advance will generate human development, but they do not yet reach the possibility of substantially changing human being. One of the most important referees that will moderate the constant dialogue between human “physical and artificial intelligence” is Law, which will have the mission of reconciling the relationship between being and what should be. In this relation, I propose three images that serve as a guide for this discussion: the cloud, the wall, and the plague.

scholarly journals ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ROBOTICS: THEORETICAL AND LEGAL PROBLEMS OF DIFFERENTIATION OF THE CONCEPTUAL APPARATUS

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 706-713
Author(s):  
I.R. Begishev ◽  
Z.I. Khisamova
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Legal Personality ◽  
Market Participants ◽  
Conceptual Apparatus ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Professional Market ◽  
High Level ◽  
And Robotics

A distinction is made between such concepts as “robotics” and “artificial intelligence”. These categories are not only multi-volume, but also semantically non-falling. After analyzing the conceptual apparatus of these terms, we can conclude that, in contrast to the first, the second is characterized by the presence of “intelligence”, self-development, etc. However, when discussing the legal status of robots and artificial intelligence, most scientists allow confusion of concepts, making attempts to justify the need to confer a legal status on robots, and not artificial intelligence. The question of considering robots and artificial intelligence as subjects of law, in principle, can be considered justified. However, it is premature to consider this issue, but the topic will not lose its relevance in the future. Among the currently available approaches to the consideration of robots and artificial intelligence as subjects of law, the path constructed by analogy with a legal entity from the point of view of the theory of fiction is the most justified. Approaches that offer to justify the legal personality of robots and artificial intelligence, taking into account the essence of animate subjects who have a real, and not just a formal legal will, will be developed only after the development of digital technologies reaches an objectively high level. When implementing these approaches, it is necessary to take into account the existence of legal and economic validity and social conditionality, as well as a possible theoretical and legal problem, the essence of which is as follows: if new legal entities with legal personality are introduced, the level of responsibility of professional market participants may decrease.

scholarly journals Citizen participation in Europe: A comparative analysis from the sociopolitical contexts

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Ernesto Ganuza Fernández ◽  
Francisco José Francés García
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
Political Engagement ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Over Time

Questioning the social spiral deriving from participation has flared up the debate regarding the place it occupies in contemporary democracies. It does not seem possible to deny the evidence that many studies have pointed to regarding the political attitudes associated with institutionalised participation (associations). But we question in this study the fact that the whole participation phenomenon is equated with that type of participation. Our paper compares different ways of participation in a sample of European countries to, first, analyse the activities that can be linked to each form of participation and whether it can be held that they are different from the point of view of the individual. Second, we analyse the attitudes that lead individuals to choose one option over the other. We conclude that for individuals the different forms of participation are different forms of political engagement. Our study shows an evolution in non-institutional forms of participation over time that is difficult to ignore, from being expressions bordering illegality to taking them as normalised tools for citizens. We could now start to consider them from the point of view of the implications they have for democracy as a different way to exercise political influence.

Gossip and Reputation in Computational Systems

2019 ◽  
pp. 459-478
Author(s):  
Jordi Sabater-Mir
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
System Design ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Level Of Detail ◽  
Computational System ◽  
The Social ◽  
Design Perspective ◽  
Computational Systems

Gossip and reputation have been approached traditionally from the social sciences perspective. The main goal of this chapter is to provide a computational, system design perspective (from the Artificial Intelligence point of view) to reputation, gossip, and the relation between gossip and reputation. The simple exercise of building a computational model has been demonstrated to be highly beneficial from the social sciences perspective because it forces a level of detail and precision that reveals previously hidden problems and inconsistencies. Which computational models of gossip and reputation exist? How are they used in the context of computational environments? Which problems are they designed to solve? What is the interplay between computational gossip and reputation models? These are some of the questions the chapter will try to answer in the following sections.

scholarly journals Quality of Judgment Assessment

2016 ◽  
pp. 96-110
Author(s):  
José Neves ◽  
John Zeleznikow ◽  
Henrique Vicente
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Artificial Neural Networks ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Knowledge Representation And Reasoning ◽  
Formal Framework ◽  
The Social ◽  
Degree Of Confidence

The intersection of Artificial Intelligence and The Law stands for a multifaceted matter, and its effects set the advances on culture, organization, as well as the social matters, when the emergent information technologies are taken into consideration. From this point of view, the weight of formal and informal Conflict Resolution settings should be highlighted, and the use of defective data, information or knowledge must be emphasized. Indeed, it is hard to do it with traditional problem solving methodologies. Therefore, in this work the focus is on the development of decision support systems, in terms of its knowledge representation and reasoning procedures, under a formal framework based on Logic Programming, complemented with an approach to computing centered on Artificial Neural Networks. It is intended to evaluate the Quality-of-Judgments and the respective Degree-of-Confidence that one has on such happenings.

scholarly journals The Concept of «Nation» in New Russian Monographs

2020 ◽  
pp. 276-282
Author(s):  
Александр Задорнов
Keyword(s):  
Practical Theology ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Conceptual Apparatus ◽  
The Social ◽  
State And Society ◽  
Modern Orthodox ◽  
The Church

Настоящая статья представляет собою библиографический обзор публикаций 2019 года, посвящённых понятию «нация». Данное понятие входит в состав понятийного аппарата современной православной практической теологии, в частности дисциплины «Церковь, государство и общество», построенной как комментарий к документу Основы социальной концепции Русской Православной Церкви. В самом этом документе понятию «нации» посвящена отдельная глава, остающаяся актуальной и с точки зрения современных подходов к проблеме. This article presents a bibliographic review of 2019’ publications devoted to the concept of «nation». This concept is part of the conceptual apparatus of modern Orthodox practical theology, in particular the discipline «The Church, State and Society», built as a commentary to the document on the Basis of the Social Concept of the Russian Orthodox Church. In this document itself, the concept of «nation» is devoted to a separate chapter, which remains relevant from the point of view of modern approaches to the problem.

scholarly journals Some Issues of Formation of the Conceptual Apparatus of Social Security Law

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-355
Author(s):  
Marina Sedelnikova ◽  
Aleksandra Puzyreva
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Family Member ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Conceptual Apparatus ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
The Social ◽  
Families With Children ◽  
Security Regulations

The article analyzes some problems of the formation of the conceptual apparatus of social security law. The authors support the thesis previously expressed in scientific literature about the lack of consistency in the use of certain concepts and definitions in this area, which is one of the key factors that impede the effective implementation of social security regulations. Based on the analysis of the use of the concepts “family”, “family member” in the social security legislation, it is concluded that there are defects in the design of the sectoral terminological apparatus. The Authors agree with the previously formulated point of view on the intersectoral nature of these concepts. A comparative analysis of the legislation on social security and individual provisions of family, housing and civil legislation, as well as other regulatory legal acts using these intersectoral concepts, is given, clarifications of the highest courts on this issue are considered. Based on the results of the study, a number of conclusions and recommendations are formulated, which are aimed at improving the sectoral legislation. In particular, the authors come to the conclusion that it is impossible to develop uniform concepts of “family”, “family member” for all branches of law, since the goals of legal regulation are different for each of them. In addition, the article analyzes the latest normative legal acts that secure monthly payments to families with children, examines the defects in legislative technology in connection with the use of the concepts of “family”, “family member” in them. The emerging law enforcement and judicial practice in connection with the appointment of these monthly payments to citizens confirms the authors' conclusion about the need to improve sectoral legislation, to ensure the systemic unity of the used conceptual apparatus. In conclusion, the authors point out ways to solve the problems identified in the article, among which, first of all, one should include the codification of legislation on social security, which has been repeatedly indicated in the scientific literature.

VAT Refund under Conditions of Zero Tax Rate

2007 ◽  
pp. 120-136
Author(s):  
R. Saakyan ◽  
I. Trunin
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Tax Administration ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Export Sector ◽  
Tax Legislation

Main directions of tax legislation development are considered in the article from the point of view of relevancy of zero tax rate implementation and tax refund. Special emphasis is placed on the problem of tax refund delay that undermines the competitiveness of the export sector of economy. Comparative analysis of VAT refund mechanisms in different countries and Russia with respect to effectiveness of tax administration has allowed to formulate some hypotheses concerning relevant parameters of refund and test them with the help of various methods and models.

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