scholarly journals Exposure to and Self-Perceptions of the Risk of Discrimination and Social Exclusion in Access to Public Goods, Media, Healthcare and Employment

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-388
Author(s):  
Svetlana D. Hristova ◽  
Valentina Milenkova
Keyword(s):  
Public Goods ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Integration Strategy ◽  
Balanced Approach ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
The Media ◽  
Roma Ethnicity ◽  
Ethnic Distribution

This paper examines the dimensions of social exclusion and the elements of self-perception of discrimination in access to public goods, employment, and in the media, which is juxtaposed with the priorities of the Bulgarian National Roma Integration Strategy (NRIS). The findings are based on the "National representative sociological survey for identifying and elaborating profiles of groups and communities most affected by the risk of discrimination, such as the Roma" carried out in 2017 by "BG ASSIST LTD" and a group of scientific researchers commissioned by the Commission for Protection against Discrimination in Bulgaria. The sample consists of 3,600 individuals aged 18 or over. The ethnic distribution of the respondents is as follows: 2,985 persons of Bulgarian ethnicity, 299 of Turkish ethnicity, 246 of Roma ethnicity, and 69 of another ethnicity. The paper shows the contrast between a variety of quality indicators and the priorities of the NRIS. Based on the data obtained, the risk of discrimination among the Roma and other ethnic groups in Bulgaria is tracked in a comparative manner in major public spheres. The survey results demonstrate that the most vulnerable people in the country are those without health insurance, residing in hard-to-reach settlements, low-qualified and unemployed individuals, people with disabilities, multi-member families and single parents; these categories indisputably include a solid share of Roma. Nevertheless, as the results show, not all Roma and arguably not only Roma are the most disadvantaged and marginalized individuals in Bulgarian society. This study's outcomes are related particularly to profiling the groups at risk, allowing critical linkages between the empirical data and ways of improving equal opportunities and non-discrimination policies. On the part of the NRIS, the paper calls for identifying adequate measures and a balanced approach to political engagement with the planning process in the coming years.

scholarly journals Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) as an Effective Method of Research into Social Preferences in Urban Space Planning

Land ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Gerus-Gościewska ◽  
Dariusz Gościewski
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Social Preferences ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Grey System Theory ◽  
Grey System ◽  
Space Planning ◽  
Relational Analysis ◽  
Analysis Process ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Grey Relational

The appearance of urban space is most often determined by planners, urbanists, and officials who fail to consider social preferences in the planning process. According to recent scientific research, spatial design should take into account people’s preferences with regard to its shape, as it is they who are the target audience. Moreover, legal regulations in many countries require the public’s inclusion into the space planning process. This paper outlines the legal status of the issue of social participation in spatial planning and provides an overview of the methods and techniques applied in the research into preferences. The aim of the article is to determine the strength of the relationship between the features adopted for the study using the grey system theory and to investigate the model’s behaviour for varied input data. It also presents the results of a study into the effect of geospatial features on the perception of the sense of security within urban space. The features were extracted using a heuristic method for solving research problems (i.e., brainstorming) and the survey was conducted by the point-scoring method. The survey results were processed by the grey system method according to the grey system theory (GST) of the grey relational analysis (GRA) type to yield a sequence of the strength of dependence between the analysed features. The study was conducted five times, with the order of entering the survey results being changed. The conducted analyses indicated that a change in the order of data from particular surveys applied for calculations resulted in the order of the epsilon coefficients in the significance sequences being changed. The analysis process was modified in order to obtain a stable significance sequence irrespective of the order of entering survey results in the analysis process. The analysis results in the form of a geospatial feature significance sequence provide information as to which of them have the greatest impact on the phenomenon under consideration. The research method can be applied to solve practical problems related to social participation.

scholarly journals Recovered but Constrained: Narratives of Ghanaian COVID-19 Survivors Experiences and Coping Pathways of Stigma, Discrimination, Social Exclusion and Their Sequels

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger A. Atinga ◽  
Nafisa Mummy Issifu Alhassan ◽  
Alice Ayawine
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Health Anxiety ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Media ◽  
Socio Economic Impact ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Organizational Withdrawal

Background: Research about the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), its epidemiology and socio-economic impact on populations worldwide has gained attention. However, there is dearth of empirical knowledge in low- and middle-income settings about the pandemic’s impact on survivors, particularly the tension of their everyday life arising from the experiences and consequences of stigma, discrimination and social exclusion, and how they cope with these behavioral adversities. Methods: Realist qualitative approach drawing data from people clinically diagnosed positive of COVID-19, admitted into therapy in a designated treatment facility, and subsequently recovered and discharged for or without follow-up domiciliary care. In-depth interviews were conducted by maintaining a code book for identifying and documenting thematic categories in a progression leading to thematic saturation with 45 participants. Data were transcribed and coded deductively for broad themes at the start before systematically nesting emerging themes into the broad ones with the aid of NVivo 12 software. Results: Everyday lived experiences of the participants were disrupted with acts of indirect stigmatization (against relatives and family members), direct stigmatization (labeling, prejudices and stereotyping), barriers to realizing full social life and discriminatory behaviors across socio-ecological structures (workplace, community, family, and social institutions). These behavioral adversities were associated with self-reported poor health, anxiety and psychological disorders, and frustrations among others. Consequently, supplicatory prayers, societal and organizational withdrawal, aggressive behaviors, supportive counseling, and self-assertive behaviors were adopted to cope and modify the adverse behaviors driven by misinformation and fearful perceptions of the COVID-19 and its contagious proportions. Conclusion: In the face of the analysis, social campaigns and dissemination of toolkits that can trigger behavior change and responsible behaviors toward COVID-19 survivors are proposed to be implemented by health stakeholders, policy and decision makers in partnership with social influencers, the media, and telecoms.

Media Life Cycle and Consumer-Generated Innovation

2007 ◽  
pp. 280-305
Author(s):  
Yuichi Washida ◽  
Shenja van der Graaf ◽  
Eva Keeris
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Personal Communication ◽  
Communication Media ◽  
Japanese Family ◽  
Empirical Survey ◽  
Voice Communications ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
The Media

This study examines the innovation in communication media, based on empirical survey results from five countries. First, the authors create a general framework of the media life cycle by exploring the replacement of communication media used in daily life. The shift from voice communications to mobile e-mailing is at the forefront of the media life cycle in the personal communication area. This framework also implies future media replacements in other countries. Second, by comparing two empirical surveys, done in 2002 and 2003, of communication means used among Japanese family relations, the authors discover that certain consumer clusters lead in the innovation of communication media. This framework and discovery can be useful to deal with the vacuum between conventional media studies and the latest information technology.

scholarly journals Examination of Actual and Ideal Body-Related Characteristics and Body-Related Pride in Adult Males

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 155798831987464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Mackowiak ◽  
Kristen M. Lucibello ◽  
Jenna D. Gilchrist ◽  
Catherine M. Sabiston
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotion ◽  
The Body ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Ideal Self ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Ideal Body ◽  
Polynomial Regressions

Body image concerns are becoming more prevalent in males. Discrepancies between actual and ideal body muscularity and thinness have been studied from a pathological perspective whereby perceiving the body as discrepant from an internalized ideal is associated with body dissatisfaction, negative emotions, and harmful body-altering behaviors. It is unclear if agreement among actual and ideal self-perceptions is associated with positive emotion in males. The present study examined the associations between actual and ideal congruence and discrepancies in muscularity and thinness, and two facets of pride (i.e., authentic and hubristic pride) in male adults. Participants ( n = 294; Mage = 34.80 years; MBMI = 27.31 kg/m2) completed a cross-sectional self-report survey. Results from polynomial regressions indicated that actual and ideal self-perceptions of muscularity and thinness were significant predictors of both authentic ( R2 = .37 and .20) and hubristic pride ( R2 = .33 and .19), respectively. Response surface values demonstrated that extremely high or low scores that were congruent for muscularity ( a2 = .35 and .40) and thinness ( a2 = .18 and .18) perceptions were associated with higher reports of authentic and hubristic pride. These findings demonstrated that congruence in actual and ideal self-perceptions contribute to feelings of pride, suggesting interventions that promote actual and ideal self-perception congruence may be important for fostering positive emotional experiences in males.

The concept of trust in disasters: the Slovenian experience

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 603-615
Author(s):  
Marjan Malesic
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Response ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Military

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the level of public trust in disaster response actors, i.e. the government, civilian disaster response institutions, the military, NGOs and the media. Design/methodology/approach The data source is the 2015–2016 Slovenian Public Opinion Survey, which used face-to-face interviews (computer-assisted personal interviewing software), and a standardised instrument (questionnaire). A two-stage probability sampling design with stratification at the first stage was applied. The first stage involved a probability proportional to size selection of 150 small areas (statistical areas), where the size measurement was a the number of adult persons in the Central Population Register. The second stage involved the simple random sampling of 12 persons from each of the 150 primary sampling units. A total of 1,024 adult residents participated in the survey. Findings The findings suggest that trust in the government under normal situations is low; however, it becomes slightly higher during disaster conditions. Civilian disaster response institutions (especially firemen and civil protection), the military and NGOs (humanitarian and other volunteer organisations) are highly trusted before and during disasters. Trust in the authorities and media to inform the public in a timely and comprehensive manner about the disaster is also relatively high. Research limitations/implications Perhaps in another period of research, disaster-related experiences of the population might be different, which could certainly change the survey results about trust. Nevertheless, the main finding that low pre-disaster trust can be recovered during a disaster by adequate performance of the institution is not jeopardised. Originality/value The survey results are original.

Hispanic Marketing: National Advertiser Spending Patterns and Media Choices

1994 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina R. Goodson ◽  
Mary Alice Shaver
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Broadcast Media ◽  
Event Marketing ◽  
Spending Patterns ◽  
Hispanic Marketing ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
The Media ◽  
Hispanic Market ◽  
Media Mix ◽  
Media Choices

This study examines spending patterns and media choices of national advertisers targeting the Hispanic audience. Survey results show that companies who target the Hispanic market at the national level spend only 1.5% of their total budgets in Spanish-language advertising. The media mix used for this audience is quite different than that reported for the general audience; 80% of ad dollars go to broadcast media. The authors suggest that promotions, particularly event marketing, can be a way for national advertisers to both customize messages and gain increased recognition in local markets.

scholarly journals Ethnicity and Conflict: An Empirical Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 1310-1342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Esteban ◽  
Laura Mayoral ◽  
Debraj Ray
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Public Goods ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Group Cohesion ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Ethnic Distribution ◽  
Conflict Intensity ◽  
Country Specific

We examine empirically the impact of ethnic divisions on conflict, by using a specification based on Esteban and Ray (2011). That theory links conflict intensity to three indices of ethnic distribution: polarization, fractionalization, and the Gini-Greenberg index. The empirical analysis verifies that these distributional measures are significant correlates of conflict. These effects persist as we introduce country-specific measures of group cohesion and of the importance of public goods, and combine them with the distributional measures exactly as described by the theory. (JEL D63, D74, J15, O15, O17)

scholarly journals Evaluating the Implementation of Video Web Conferencing in Delaware Master Gardener Training

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 669-676
Author(s):  
Emily A. Barton ◽  
Susan S. Barton ◽  
Thomas Ilvento
Keyword(s):  
Delivery Mode ◽  
Master Gardener ◽  
Web Conferencing ◽  
Limited Bandwidth ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
The Media ◽  
Face To Face Instruction ◽  
Pilot Implementation ◽  
Media Naturalness

In the 2015 Delaware (DE) Master Gardener training, instructors synchronously delivered content to two trainee cohorts (Cohorts A and B) who met at three locations (Sites 1, 2, and 3) via video web conferencing (VWC). This reduced instructor delivery and travel time but warranted close examination of trainee learning outcomes and experiences. To evaluate the pilot implementation of remote delivery, trainees [number of trainees (N) = 30] answered two open-ended application questions after 11 instructional sessions. One cohort received instruction face-to-face, while the other cohort synchronously received instruction via remote delivery [number of participants in cohort 1 (n1) = 17; number of participants in cohort 2 (n2) = 13]; each cohort was remote for about half of the sessions. The overall average face-to-face score assessing session content mastery was higher than the overall average remote score by 0.1, a 5% difference given the possible scores range of 0 to 2.0. When we grouped sessions by remote delivery site, delivery mode only significantly predicted average session scores for those sessions delivered remotely to Site 2 and not those delivered remotely to either Site 1 or Site 3. When we considered each session individually, delivery mode significantly predicted session scores for 2 of the 11 sessions, both broadcast remotely to trainees at Site 2, where the bandwidth was 10% of those at Sites 1 and 3. We suggest the VWC system performed particularly poorly for these sessions due to limited bandwidth. Posttraining survey results suggest the VWC system did not function well enough to approximate face-to-face instruction. The overall educational rating of the training was significantly higher than the media naturalness rating suggesting poor technical functionality did not substantially undermine trainees’ perception of the education they received. This study indicates remote delivery is a viable strategy for improving the efficiency of training programs if it is consistently implemented with the appropriate technical infrastructure.

scholarly journals Which has more influence on perception of pseudo-therapies: the media’s information, friends or acquaintances opinion, or educational background?

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina University of Valencia Moreno-Castro ◽  
Mavi Florida Universitaria Corell-Doménech ◽  
Ramón Universitat de València Camaño-Puig
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Alternative Therapies ◽  
Discussion Groups ◽  
Scientific Controversies ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
The Media ◽  
Journalism Students ◽  
Based Medicine

This study analyses the discourses of Education and Journalism students in order to understand their perception of complementary and alternative therapies. Likewise, to know if educational background or friends or acquaintances opinion has a more considerable influence on their knowledge and use of these socially controversial techniques than the media. This study uses qualitative research methods based upon 12 discussion groups with 102 participants. Once transcriptions were completed, discourse analysis was conducted using linguistic corpus software (T-LAB. 9.1.). In the design of the research, these students were selected for their social involvement in their future careers, such as when they are going to address or analyse scientific controversies, both in classrooms and media, or evidence-based medicine. Also, to complement the results of the qualitative study, and thus obtain more robust conclusions, this work compares the data collected in discussion groups, with results of a survey (quantitative research) administered to 718 students of Education, Journalism, Medicine and Nursing. One hand, the focus groups revealed that the information channels through which students learned about these therapies were by word of mouth and through networks of family members, friends and acquaintances and their digital equivalents, social networks and blogs. In all the discussion groups, a lack of scientific knowledge was detected. Second hand, survey results showed that the Education and Nursing students presented a higher level of acceptance of alternative therapies compared with the Medicine and Journalism students, who were the most unaccepting

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document