scholarly journals On the number of decomposable trees

2006 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings vol. AG,... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan G. Wagner

International audience A tree is called $k$-decomposable if it has a spanning forest whose components are all of size $k$. Analogously, a tree is called $T$-decomposable for a fixed tree $T$ if it has a spanning forest whose components are all isomorphic to $T$. In this paper, we use a generating functions approach to derive exact and asymptotic results on the number of $k$-decomposable and $T$-decomposable trees from a so-called simply generated family of trees - we find that there is a surprisingly simple functional equation for the counting series of $k$-decomposable trees. In particular, we will study the limit case when $k$ goes to $\infty$. It turns out that the ratio of $k$-decomposable trees increases when $k$ becomes large.

2005 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings vol. AD,... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo Viola

International audience This paper presents the first distributional analysis of a linear probing hashing scheme with buckets of size $b$. The exact distribution of the cost of successful searches for a $b \alpha$ -full table is obtained, and moments and asymptotic results are derived. With the use of the Poisson transform distributional results are also obtained for tables of size $m$ and $n$ elements. A key element in the analysis is the use of a new family of numbers that satisfies a recurrence resembling that of the Bernoulli numbers. These numbers may prove helpful in studying recurrences involving truncated generating functions, as well as in other problems related with buckets.


2003 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings vol. AC,... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Nguyên Thê

International audience This paper gives a survey of the limit distributions of the areas of different types of random walks, namely Dyck paths, bilateral Dyck paths, meanders, and Bernoulli random walks, using the technology of generating functions only.


2006 ◽  
Vol Volume 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
K G Bhat ◽  
K Ramachandra

International audience Referring to a theorem of A. E. Ingham, that for all $N\geq N_0$ (an absolute constant), the inequality $N^3\leq p\leq(N+1)^3$ is solvable in a prime $p$, we point out in this paper that it is implicit that he has actually proved that $\pi(x+h)-\pi(x) \sim h(\log x)^{-1}$ where $h=x^c$ and $c (>\frac{5}{8})$ is any constant. Further, we point out that even this stronger form can be proved without using the functional equation of $\zeta(s)$.


2011 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings vol. AO,... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoda Bidkhori

International audience In this paper we study finite Eulerian posets which are binomial or Sheffer. These important classes of posets are related to the theory of generating functions and to geometry. The results of this paper are organized as follows: (1) We completely determine the structure of Eulerian binomial posets and, as a conclusion, we are able to classify factorial functions of Eulerian binomial posets; (2) We give an almost complete classification of factorial functions of Eulerian Sheffer posets by dividing the original question into several cases; (3) In most cases above, we completely determine the structure of Eulerian Sheffer posets, a result stronger than just classifying factorial functions of these Eulerian Sheffer posets. We also study Eulerian triangular posets. This paper answers questions posed by R. Ehrenborg and M. Readdy. This research is also motivated by the work of R. Stanley about recognizing the \emphboolean lattice by looking at smaller intervals. Nous étudions les ensembles partiellement ordonnés finis (EPO) qui sont soit binomiaux soit de type Sheffer (deux notions reliées aux séries génératrices et à la géométrie). Nos résultats sont les suivants: (1) nous déterminons la structure des EPO Euleriens et binomiaux; nous classifions ainsi les fonctions factorielles de tous ces EPO; (2) nous donnons une classification presque complète des fonctions factorielles des EPO Euleriens de type Sheffer; (3) dans la plupart de ces cas, nous déterminons complètement la structure des EPO Euleriens et Sheffer, ce qui est plus fort que classifier leurs fonctions factorielles. Nous étudions aussi les EPO Euleriens triangulaires. Cet article répond à des questions de R. Ehrenborg and M. Readdy. Il est aussi motivé par le travail de R. Stanley sur la reconnaissance du treillis booléen via l'étude des petits intervalles.


2007 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings vol. AH,... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Svante Janson

International audience We study the space requirements of a sorting algorithm where only items that at the end will be adjacent are kept together. This is equivalent to the following combinatorial problem: Consider a string of fixed length n that starts as a string of 0's, and then evolves by changing each 0 to 1, with the n changes done in random order. What is the maximal number of runs of 1's? We give asymptotic results for the distribution and mean. It turns out that, as in many problems involving a maximum, the maximum is asymptotically normal, with fluctuations of order $n^{1/2}$, and to the first order well approximated by the number of runs at the instance when the expectation is maximized, in this case when half the elements have changed to 1; there is also a second order term of order $n^{1/3}$. We also treat some variations, including priority queues and sock-sorting.


2008 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings vol. AJ,... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Kuba ◽  
Alois Panholzer

International audience We study two enumeration problems for $\textit{up-down alternating trees}$, i.e., rooted labelled trees $T$, where the labels $ v_1, v_2, v_3, \ldots$ on every path starting at the root of $T$ satisfy $v_1 < v_2 > v_3 < v_4 > \cdots$. First we consider various tree families of interest in combinatorics (such as unordered, ordered, $d$-ary and Motzkin trees) and study the number $T_n$ of different up-down alternating labelled trees of size $n$. We obtain for all tree families considered an implicit characterization of the exponential generating function $T(z)$ leading to asymptotic results of the coefficients $T_n$ for various tree families. Second we consider the particular family of up-down alternating labelled ordered trees and study the influence of such an alternating labelling to the average shape of the trees by analyzing the parameters $\textit{label of the root node}$, $\textit{degree of the root node}$ and $\textit{depth of a random node}$ in a random tree of size $n$. This leads to exact enumeration results and limiting distribution results. Nous étudions deux problèmes de dénombrement d'$\textit{arbres alternés haut-bas}$ : par définition, ce sont des arbres munis d'une racine et tels que, pour tout chemin partant de la racine, les valeurs $v_1,v_2,v_3,\ldots$ associées aux nœuds du chemin satisfont la chaîne d'inégalités $v_1 < v_2 > v_3 < v_4 > \cdots$. D'une part, nous considérons diverses familles d'arbres intéressantes du point de vue de l'analyse combinatoire (comme les arbres de Motzkin, les arbres non ordonnés, ordonnés et $d$-aires) et nous étudions pour chaque famille le nombre total $T_n$ d'arbres alternés haut-bas de taille $n$. Nous obtenons pour toutes les familles d'arbres considérées une caractérisation implicite de la fonction génératrice exponentielle $T(z)$. Cette caractérisation nous renseigne sur le comportement asymptotique des coefficients $T_n$ de plusieurs familles d'arbres. D'autre part, nous examinons le cas particulier de la famille des arbres ordonnés : nous étudions l'influence de l'étiquetage alterné haut-bas sur l'allure générale de ces arbres en analysant trois paramètres dans un arbre aléatoire (valeur de la racine, degré de la racine et profondeur d'un nœud aléatoire). Nous obtenons alors des résultats en terme de distribution limite, mais aussi de dénombrement exact.


2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-144
Author(s):  
James Kim ◽  
Mohan Chaudhry ◽  
Abdalla Mansur

This paper introduces a simplified solution to determine the asymptotic results for the renewal density. It also offers the asymptotic results for the first and second moments of the number of renewals for the discrete-time bulk-renewal process. The methodology adopted makes this study distinguishable compared to those previously published where the constant term in the second moment is generated. In similar studies published in the literature, the constant term is either missing or not clear how it was obtained. The problem was partially solved in the study by Chaudhry and Fisher where they provided a asymptotic results for the non-bulk renewal density and for both the first and second moments using the generating functions. The objective of this work is to extend their results to the bulk-renewal process in discrete-time, including some numerical results, give an elegant derivation of the asymptotic results and derive continuous-time results as a limit of the discrete-time results.


2019 ◽  
Vol 106 (120) ◽  
pp. 113-123
Author(s):  
Neslihan Kilar ◽  
Yilmaz Simsek

The Fubini type polynomials have many application not only especially in combinatorial analysis, but also other branches of mathematics, in engineering and related areas. Therefore, by using the p-adic integrals method and functional equation of the generating functions for Fubini type polynomials and numbers, we derive various different new identities, relations and formulas including well-known numbers and polynomials such as the Bernoulli numbers and polynomials, the Euler numbers and polynomials, the Stirling numbers of the second kind, the ?-array polynomials and the Lah numbers.


2008 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings vol. AJ,... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Dilks ◽  
T. Kyle Petersen ◽  
John R. Stembridge

International audience Let $W \ltimes L$ be an irreducible affine Weyl group with Coxeter complex $\Sigma$, where $W$ denotes the associated finite Weyl group and $L$ the translation subgroup. The Steinberg torus is the Boolean cell complex obtained by taking the quotient of $\Sigma$ by the lattice $L$. We show that the ordinary and flag $h$-polynomials of the Steinberg torus (with the empty face deleted) are generating functions over $W$ for a descent-like statistic first studied by Cellini. We also show that the ordinary $h$-polynomial has a nonnegative $\gamma$-vector, and hence, symmetric and unimodal coefficients. In the classical cases, we also provide expansions, identities, and generating functions for the $h$-polynomials of Steinberg tori. Nous considérons un groupe de Weyl affine irréductible $W \ltimes L$ avec complexe de Coxeter $\Sigma$, où $W$ désigne le groupe de Weyl fini associé et $L$ le sous-groupe des translations. Le tore de Steinberg est le complexe cellulaire Booléen obtenu comme le quotient de $\Sigma$ par $L$. Nous montrons que les $h$-polynômes, ordinaires et de drapeaux, du tore de Steinberg (sans la face vide) sont des fonctions génératrices sur $W$ pour une statistique de type descente, étudiée en premier lieu par Cellini. Nous montrons également qu'un $h$-polynôme ordinaire possède un $\gamma$-vecteur positif, et par conséquent, a des coefficients symétriques et unimodaux. Dans les cas classiques, nous donnons également des développements, des identités et des fonctions génératrices pour les $h$-polynômes des tores de Steinberg.


2015 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings, 27th... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miles Eli Jones ◽  
Luc Lapointe

International audience The Schur functions in superspace $s_\Lambda$ and $\overline{s}_\Lambda$ are the limits $q=t= 0$ and $q=t=\infty$ respectively of the Macdonald polynomials in superspace. We present the elementary properties of the bases $s_\Lambda$ and $\overline{s}_\Lambda$ (which happen to be essentially dual) such as Pieri rules, dualities, monomial expansions, tableaux generating functions, and Cauchy identities. Les fonctions de Schur dans le superespace $s_\Lambda$ et $\overline{s}_\Lambda$ sont les limites $q=t= 0$ et $q=t=\infty$ respectivement des polynômes de Macdonald dans le superespace. Nous présentons les propriétés élémentaires des bases $s_\Lambda$ et $\overline{s}_\Lambda$ (qui sont essentiellement duales l'une de l'autre) tels que les règles de Pieri, la dualité, le développement en fonctions monomiales, les fonctions génératrices de tableaux et les identités de Cauchy.


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