scholarly journals Enumeration of walks reaching a line

2005 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings vol. AE,... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Nadeau

International audience We enumerate walks in the plane $\mathbb{R}^2$, with steps East and North, that stop as soon as they reach a given line; these walks are counted according to the distance of the line to the origin, and we study the asymptotic behavior when the line has a fixed slope and moves away from the origin. When the line has a rational slope, we study a more general class of walks, and give exact as well as asymptotic enumerative results; for this, we define a nice bijection from our walks to words of a rational language. For a general slope, asymptotic results are obtained; in this case, the method employed leads us to find asymptotic results for a wider class of walks in $\mathbb{R}^m$.

2007 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings vol. AH,... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Svante Janson

International audience We study the space requirements of a sorting algorithm where only items that at the end will be adjacent are kept together. This is equivalent to the following combinatorial problem: Consider a string of fixed length n that starts as a string of 0's, and then evolves by changing each 0 to 1, with the n changes done in random order. What is the maximal number of runs of 1's? We give asymptotic results for the distribution and mean. It turns out that, as in many problems involving a maximum, the maximum is asymptotically normal, with fluctuations of order $n^{1/2}$, and to the first order well approximated by the number of runs at the instance when the expectation is maximized, in this case when half the elements have changed to 1; there is also a second order term of order $n^{1/3}$. We also treat some variations, including priority queues and sock-sorting.


2008 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings vol. AJ,... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Kuba ◽  
Alois Panholzer

International audience We study two enumeration problems for $\textit{up-down alternating trees}$, i.e., rooted labelled trees $T$, where the labels $ v_1, v_2, v_3, \ldots$ on every path starting at the root of $T$ satisfy $v_1 < v_2 > v_3 < v_4 > \cdots$. First we consider various tree families of interest in combinatorics (such as unordered, ordered, $d$-ary and Motzkin trees) and study the number $T_n$ of different up-down alternating labelled trees of size $n$. We obtain for all tree families considered an implicit characterization of the exponential generating function $T(z)$ leading to asymptotic results of the coefficients $T_n$ for various tree families. Second we consider the particular family of up-down alternating labelled ordered trees and study the influence of such an alternating labelling to the average shape of the trees by analyzing the parameters $\textit{label of the root node}$, $\textit{degree of the root node}$ and $\textit{depth of a random node}$ in a random tree of size $n$. This leads to exact enumeration results and limiting distribution results. Nous étudions deux problèmes de dénombrement d'$\textit{arbres alternés haut-bas}$ : par définition, ce sont des arbres munis d'une racine et tels que, pour tout chemin partant de la racine, les valeurs $v_1,v_2,v_3,\ldots$ associées aux nœuds du chemin satisfont la chaîne d'inégalités $v_1 < v_2 > v_3 < v_4 > \cdots$. D'une part, nous considérons diverses familles d'arbres intéressantes du point de vue de l'analyse combinatoire (comme les arbres de Motzkin, les arbres non ordonnés, ordonnés et $d$-aires) et nous étudions pour chaque famille le nombre total $T_n$ d'arbres alternés haut-bas de taille $n$. Nous obtenons pour toutes les familles d'arbres considérées une caractérisation implicite de la fonction génératrice exponentielle $T(z)$. Cette caractérisation nous renseigne sur le comportement asymptotique des coefficients $T_n$ de plusieurs familles d'arbres. D'autre part, nous examinons le cas particulier de la famille des arbres ordonnés : nous étudions l'influence de l'étiquetage alterné haut-bas sur l'allure générale de ces arbres en analysant trois paramètres dans un arbre aléatoire (valeur de la racine, degré de la racine et profondeur d'un nœud aléatoire). Nous obtenons alors des résultats en terme de distribution limite, mais aussi de dénombrement exact.


1993 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Bambos ◽  
Jean Walrand

In this paper we study the following general class of concurrent processing systems. There are several different classes of processors (servers) and many identical processors within each class. There is also a continuous random flow of jobs, arriving for processing at the system. Each job needs to engage concurrently several processors from various classes in order to be processed. After acquiring the needed processors the job begins to be executed. Processing is done non-preemptively, lasts for a random amount of time, and then all the processors are released simultaneously. Each job is specified by its arrival time, its processing time, and the list of processors that it needs to access simultaneously. The random flow (sequence) of jobs has a stationary and ergodic structure. There are several possible policies for scheduling the jobs on the processors for execution; it is up to the system designer to choose the scheduling policy to achieve certain objectives.We focus on the effect that the choice of scheduling policy has on the asymptotic behavior of the system at large times and especially on its stability, under general stationary and ergocic input flows.


2006 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings vol. AG,... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanene Mohamed

International audience A leader election algorithm is an elimination process that divides recursively into tow subgroups an initial group of n items, eliminates one subgroup and continues the procedure until a subgroup is of size 1. In this paper the biased case is analyzed. We are interested in the cost of the algorithm e. the number of operations needed until the algorithm stops. Using a probabilistic approach, the asymptotic behavior of the algorithm is shown to be related to the behavior of a hitting time of two random sequences on [0,1].


2003 ◽  
Vol Vol. 6 no. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Knessl

International audience We study numerically a non-linear integral equation that arises in the study of binary search trees. If the tree is constructed from n elements, this integral equation describes the asymptotic (as n→∞) distribution of the height of the tree. This supplements some asymptotic results we recently obtained for the tails of the distribution. The asymptotic height distribution is shown to be unimodal with highly asymmetric tails.


2008 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings vol. AI,... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousra Chabchoub ◽  
Christine Fricker ◽  
Frédéric Meunier ◽  
Danielle Tibi

International audience The paper deals with the problem of catching the elephants in the Internet traffic. The aim is to investigate an algorithm proposed by Azzana based on a multistage Bloom filter, with a refreshment mechanism (called $\textit{shift}$ in the present paper), able to treat on-line a huge amount of flows with high traffic variations. An analysis of a simplified model estimates the number of false positives. Limit theorems for the Markov chain that describes the algorithm for large filters are rigorously obtained. The asymptotic behavior of the stochastic model is here deterministic. The limit has a nice formulation in terms of a $M/G/1/C$ queue, which is analytically tractable and which allows to tune the algorithm optimally.


1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (01) ◽  
pp. 64-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Y. Teresalam ◽  
John P. Lehoczky

This paper extends the asymptotic results for ordinary renewal processes to the superposition of independent renewal processes. In particular, the ordinary renewal functions, renewal equations, and the key renewal theorem are extended to the superposition of independent renewal processes. We fix the number of renewal processes, p, and study the asymptotic behavior of the superposition process when time, t, is large. The key superposition renewal theorem is applied to the study of queueing systems.


2007 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings vol. AH,... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Chassaing ◽  
Lucas Gerin

International audience This paper deals with some very simple interacting particle systems, \emphelementary cellular automata, in the fully asynchronous dynamics: at each time step, a cell is randomly picked, and updated. When the initial configuration is simple, we describe the asymptotic behavior of the random walks performed by the borders of the black/white regions. Following a classification introduced by Fatès \emphet al., we show that four kinds of asymptotic behavior arise, two of them being related to Brownian motion.


2010 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings vol. AM,... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhicheng Gao ◽  
David Laferrière ◽  
Daniel Panario

International audience We consider the multiset construction of decomposable structures with component generating function $C(z)$ of alg-log type, $\textit{i.e.}$, $C(z) = (1-z)^{-\alpha} (\log \frac{1}{ 1-z})^{\beta}$. We provide asymptotic results for the number of labeled objects of size $n$ in the case when $\alpha$ is positive and $\beta$ is positive and in the case $\alpha = 0$ and $\beta \geq 2$. The case $0<-\alpha <1$ and any $\beta$ and the case $\alpha > 0$ and $\beta = 0$ have been treated in previous papers. Our results extend previous work of Wright.


2005 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings vol. AD,... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Archibald

International audience As a sequel to [arch04], the position of the maximum in a geometrically distributed sample is investigated. Samples of length n are considered, where the maximum is required to be in the first d positions. The probability that the maximum occurs in the first $d$ positions is sought for $d$ dependent on n (as opposed to d fixed in [arch04]). Two scenarios are discussed. The first is when $d=αn$ for $0 < α ≤ 1$, where Mellin transforms are used to obtain the asymptotic results. The second is when $1 ≤ d = o(n)$.


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