Integrating key aspects of landscape and sustainable building development with the use of environmental assessment tools

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Gayathiri Gowri Shankar
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Energy Transport ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Sustainable Building ◽  
Full Life Cycle ◽  
Development Framework ◽  
The Uk

In this research, the Building Research Establishment and Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM) tool, which is the longest serving tool of its kind in the world, is evaluated using a robust Landscape Framework. The BREEAM tool evolved in the United Kingdom (UK) in 1990 to address critical environmental issues such as climate change, the fossil fuel crisis and rapid urbanisation. The English planning system encourages new buildings and major refurbishment to adopt this tool to promote Sustainable Building Development (SBD). Recently, landscape practitioners in the UK have raised concern that the tool focuses around energy, transport, materials, and ecological aspects (such as native species), while other fundamental landscape values are not considered. Landscape is fundamental in terms of building and infrastructure, as it is a combination of different components such as land use, nature and wildlife and is a key aspect of culture. The SBD context is often characterised as comprising three pillars - environment, society and economy. However, to fully integrate landscape, this research incorporates a fourth pillar, that of culture. A Landscape Framework is developed as part of this research using these four pillars and captures fundamental values of landscape in relation to SBD from both the academics’ and practitioners’ perspective. The evaluation exercise identified that the BREEAM tool has a significant gap, which is in addressing the landscape. The evaluation of other building and infrastructure assessment tools emphasise that a sustainable approach is required from the outset of a building development until the end of its life. Consequently, a Sustainable Landscape Development Framework has been proposed as part of this research to be integrated with the existing BREEAM tool, by setting out five stages to capture the full life cycle of building development. This approach redefines SBD and reconnects people with the surrounding environment.

A strategic environmental assessment method for agricultural policy in the UK

1999 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Tzilivakis ◽  
C. Broom ◽  
K.A. Lewis ◽  
P. Tucker ◽  
C. Drummond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Strategic Environmental Assessment ◽  
The Uk

Study on Sustainable Buildings

2012 ◽  
Vol 174-177 ◽  
pp. 3146-3149
Author(s):  
Ying Li
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
Sustainable Buildings ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Ecological Principles ◽  
The Us ◽  
Construction Operation ◽  
The Uk

Sustainable development meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Sustainable construction is the creation and responsible maintenance of a healthy built environment, based on ecological principles, and by means of an efficient use of resources. Sustainable buildings meet customer needs through environmentally and socially responsible planning, design, construction, operation and maintenance at the least possible first-time and operating costs. Three assessment methods for sustainable buildings are included: Building Research Establishment's Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM) in the UK, Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) in the US and Green Globes environmental assessment and rating system. The greatest challenge sustainable construction faces is to lower the initial costs of sustainable buildings. Prefabrication is a means of saving labor and lowering the costs.

Domestic and Global New Building Construction: A Tool for Selecting Green and Sustainable Building Systems and Components

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odette Mina ◽  
Richard Ciocci
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Construction Project ◽  
Weighting Scheme ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Sustainable Building ◽  
Environmentally Responsible ◽  
Building Components ◽  
Design And Construction

This paper provides an overview of how to design a cost effective and environmentally responsible, green and sustainable, commercial building. Specifically included is the selection process for proper building components which will identify all factors that must receive design phase consideration and ultimately lead to the desired outcome. The process takes into consideration the appropriate aspects of various green building environmental assessment tools, such as, Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED), Green Globes (GG), Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM), to identify important elements for design, construction, operation and maintenance of a building. Such a selection process involves many building components, but the focus of this paper is roofing systems. Specifically, the roofing system selection process will use a weighting scheme, which will be described later in this paper. This example selection process will illustrate how to identify all important factors that must be considered when choosing the best environmentally responsible and sustainable building components that are appropriate for the specific design and construction project. The weighting scheme will be useful and applicable not only for specific projects at the local level but globally as well. Factors taken into consideration are building use; geographic location and climate; budget; and any additional considerations deemed necessary by the design and construction project team.

scholarly journals What delirium detection tools are used in routine clinical practice in the UK? A Freedom of Information investigation of UK hospitals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoë Tieges ◽  
Jacqueline Lowrey ◽  
Alasdair M. J. MacLullich
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Confusion Assessment Method ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Freedom Of Information ◽  
Delirium Assessment ◽  
Information Request ◽  
The Uk

ABSTRACTPurposeOur aim was to collect information on delirium assessment processes and pathways in non-intensive care settings in the UK.MethodsWe sent a Freedom of Information request to 169 UK NHS hospitals, trusts and health boards (units) in July 2020 to obtain data on usage of delirium assessment tools in clinical practice and delirium pathways or guidelines.ResultsWe received responses from 154 units (91% response rate). 146 (95%) units reported use of formal delirium assessment processes and 131 (85%) units had guidelines or pathways in place. The 4AT was the most widely used tool, with 117 (80%) units reporting use. The Confusion Assessment Method was used in 652 (45%) units, and the SQiD in 52 (36%) units.ConclusionsOur findings show that the 4AT is the most commonly-used tool in the UK, with 80% of units reporting implementation. This study adds to our knowledge of real-world implementation of delirium detection methods at scale.

scholarly journals SEM-PLS Approach to Green Building

Encyclopedia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 472-481
Author(s):  
Nasim Aghili ◽  
Mehdi Amirkhani
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
Sustainable Building ◽  
Building Operation ◽  
The Impact

Green buildings refer to buildings that decrease adverse environmental effects and maintain natural resources. They can diminish energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, the usage of non-renewable materials, water consumption, and waste generation while improving occupants’ health and well-being. As such, several rating tools and benchmarks have been developed worldwide to assess green building performance (GBP), including the Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM) in the United Kingdom, German Sustainable Building Council (DGNB), Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) in the United States and Canada, Comprehensive Assessment System for Built Environment Efficiency (CASBEE) in Japan, Green Star in Australia, Green Mark in Singapore, and Green Building Index in Malaysia. Energy management (EM) during building operation could also improve GBP. One of the best approaches to evaluating the impact of EM on GBP is by using structural equation modelling (SEM). SEM is a commanding statistical method to model testing. One of the most used SEM variance-based approaches is partial least squares (PLS), which can be implemented in the SmartPLS application. PLS-SEM uses path coefficients to determine the strength and significance of the hypothesised relationships between the latent constructs.

A study of the role and educational needs of ophthalmic specialist nurses

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (14) ◽  
pp. 858-864
Author(s):  
Pornjittra Rattanasirivilai ◽  
Amy-lee Shirodkar
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Educational Needs ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Standards Of Care ◽  
Learning Needs ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Specialist Nurses ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Training Opportunities

Aims: To explore the current roles, responsibilities and educational needs of ophthalmic specialist nurses (OSNs) in the UK. Method: A survey of 73 OSNs ranging from band 4 to band 8 was undertaken in May 2018. Findings: 73% of OSNs undertake more than one active role, with 59% involved in nurse-led clinics; 63% felt formal learning resources were limited, with 63% reporting training opportunities and 21% reporting time as major barriers to further training. More than 38% emphasised hands-on clinic-based teaching had a greater impact on their educational needs. Some 64% were assessed on their skills annually and 59% felt confident with their skill set. Conclusion: The Ophthalmic Common Clinical Competency Framework provides a curriculum and assessment tools for OSNs to use as a structure to maintain clinical skills and knowledge. Eye departments should use this as guidance to target learning needs and improve standards of care to meet the changing needs of society.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review and Pooled Prevalence of Paediatric Delirium in Critically Ill Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. i31-i32
Author(s):  
D Semple ◽  
M M Howlett ◽  
J D Strawbridge ◽  
C V Breatnach ◽  
J C Hayden
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Critical Care ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Confusion Assessment Method ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Critically Ill Children ◽  
Confusion Assessment ◽  
Pooled Prevalence

Abstract Introduction Paediatric Delirium (PD) is a neuropsychiatric complication that occurs during the management of children in the critical care environment (Paediatric Intensive Care (PICU) and Neonatal Intensive Care (NICU). Delirium can be classified as hypoactive (decreased responsiveness and withdrawal), hyperactive (agitation and restlessness), and mixed (combined) (1). PD can be assessed using a number of assessment tools. PD has been historically underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed, having many overlapping symptoms with other syndrome such as pain and iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome (2). An appreciation of the extent of PD would help clinicians and policy makers drive interventions to improve recognition, prevention and management of PD in clinical practice. Aim To estimate the pooled prevalence of PD using validated assessment tools, and to identify risk factors including patient-related, critical-care related and pharmacological factors. Methods A systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE and CINAHL databases was undertaken. Eligible articles included observational studies or trials that estimated a prevalence of PD in a NICU/PICU population using a validated PD assessment tool. Validated tools are the paediatric Confusion Assessment Method-ICU (pCAM-ICU), the Cornell Assessment of Pediatric Delirium (CAPD), the PreSchool Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU (psCAM-ICU), pCAM-ICU severity scale (sspCAM-ICU), and the Sophia Observation Withdrawal Symptoms scale Paediatric Delirium scale (SOS-PD) (1). Only full text studies were included. No language restrictions were applied. Two reviewers independently screened records. Data was extracted using a pre-piloted form and independently verified by another reviewer. Quality was assessed using tools from the National Institutes of Health. A pooled prevalence was calculated from the studies that estimated PD prevalence using the most commonly applied tool, the CAPD (1). Results Data from 23 observational studies describing prevalence and risk factors for PD in critically ill children were included (Figure 1). Variability in study design and outcome reporting was found. Study quality was generally good. Using the validated tools prevalence ranged from 10–66% of patients. Hypoactive delirium was the most prevalent sub-class identified. Using the 13 studies that used the CAPD tool, a pooled prevalence of 35% (27%-43% 95%CI) was calculated. Younger ages, particularly less than two years old, sicker patients, particularly those undergoing mechanical and respiratory ventilatory support were more at risk for PD. Restraints, the number of sedative medications, including the cumulative use of benzodiazepines and opioids were identified as risk factors for the development of PD. PD was associated with longer durations of mechanical ventilation, longer stays and increased costs. Data on association with increased mortality risk is limited and conflicting. Conclusion PD affects one third of critical care admissions and is resource intense. Routine assessment in clinical practice may facilitate earlier detection and management strategies. Modifiable risk factors such as the class and number of sedative and analgesic medications used may contribute to the development of PD. Early mobility and lessening use of these medications present strategies to prevent PD occurrence. Longitudinal prospective multi-institutional studies to further investigate the presentations of the different delirium subtypes and modifiable risk factors that potentially contribute to the development of PD, are required. References 1. Semple D (2020) A systematic review and pooled prevalence of PD, including identification of the risk factors for the development of delirium in critically ill children. doi: 10.17605/OSF.IO/5KFZ8 2. Ista E, te Beest H, van Rosmalen J, de Hoog M, Tibboel D, van Beusekom B, et al. Sophia Observation withdrawal Symptoms-Paediatric Delirium scale: A tool for early screening of delirium in the PICU. Australian Critical Care. 2018;31(5):266–73

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of delirium and subsyndromal delirium in older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maha Hosam El-Din Ibrahim ◽  
Manal Elmasry ◽  
Fady Nagy ◽  
Ahmed Abdelghani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Functional Ability ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Subsyndromal Delirium ◽  
Confusion Assessment ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract Background Delirium is a common geriatric problem associated with poor outcomes. Subsyndromal delirium (SSD) is characterized by the presence of certain symptoms of delirium yet, not satisfying the definition of full-blown delirium, defined by categorical elements, and is usually referred to as the presence of one or more symptoms in the confusion assessment method (CAM). This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of delirium and SSD in older adults admitted to the hospital. Five hundred eighty-eight elderly (above 65 years) Egyptian patients were recruited from January 2019 to February 2020. After explaining the purpose of the study and assuring the confidentiality of all participants, an informed consent was obtained from the participant or a responsible care giver for those who were not able to give consent. All patients were subjected ‘on admission’ to thorough history taking, clinical examination, and comprehensive geriatric assessment including confusion assessment tools, mini-mental state examination, and functional assessment using Barthel index score. Results The current study showed that 19.6% of patients had delirium and 14.1% of patients had SSD with combined prevalence of 33.7%. Most common causes included metabolic, infection, organic brain syndrome, and dehydration. The current study reported significant proportionate relation between cognitive assessment and functional ability, so patients with a score of 23 MMSE had good functional ability, while cognitive assessment using mini-mental score shows inversed relation to delirium and SSD using CAM score. Conclusion Delirium is independently associated with adverse short-term and long-term outcomes, including an increase in mortality, length of hospital stay, discharge to an institution, and functional decline on discharge. Subsyndromal delirium (SSD) is characterized by the presence of certain symptoms of delirium, not yet satisfying the definition of full-blown delirium but it can identify patients with early cognitive and functional disabilities, and because of high prevalence of delirium and SSD. Efforts to prevent or early detection may identify patients who warrant clinical attention.

scholarly journals Economic aspects for determining attractiveness of territories

2020 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
pp. 03011
Author(s):  
Konstantyn Viatkin ◽  
Eduard Shyshkin ◽  
Oleksandr Kamieniev ◽  
Anna Pankeieva ◽  
Roman Viatkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
City Planning ◽  
Human Resources Management ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
The Social ◽  
Component Efficiency

The paper is dedicated to issues related to the development of territories by means of improvement of efficiency and development of cityplanning systems. One of the top components of the territory attractiveness is economic. Economic indicators are formed taking into consideration development of social parameters of this territory, and have reverse influence on the social development of territory. Economic indicators have impact on economic and innovative components of territorial development. Therefore, the importance of issue related to the improvement of economic component efficiency defined the purpose of this paper. The paper analyses indicators and criteria of economic attractiveness of territory, such as business activity, production potential, human resources management and investment component. Territory economic attractiveness assessment method is proposed using analysis, assessment and calculation of every single indicator of economic component of spatial-organizational model of city-planning system.

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