scholarly journals Impact of carbon and nitrogen on bioclogging in a sand grain managed aquifer recharge (MAR)

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 841-846
Author(s):  
Heonseop Eom ◽  
Sami Flimban ◽  
Anup Gurung ◽  
Heejun Suk ◽  
Yongcheol Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Managed Aquifer Recharge ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Aquifer Recharge ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
The Impact

Managed aquifer recharge (MAR), an intentional storage of excess water to an aquifer, is becoming a promising water resource management tool to cope with the worldwide water shortage. Bioclogging is a commonly encountered operational issue that lowers hydraulic conductivity and overall performance in MAR. The current study investigates the impact of carbon and nitrogen in recharge water on bioclogging in MAR. For this investigation, continuous-flow columns packed with sand grains were operated with influents having 0 (C1), 5 (C2), and 100 mg/L (C3) of glucose with or without introduction of nitrate. Hydraulic conductivity was analyzed to evaluate bioclogging in the systems. In C1 and C2, hydraulic conductivity was not significantly changed overall. However, hydraulic conductivity in C3 was decreased by 28.5% after three weeks of operation, which appears to be attributed to generation of fermentation bacteria. Introduction of nitrogen to C3 led to a further decrease in hydraulic conductivity by 25.7% compared to before it was added, most likely due to stimulation of denitrifying bacteria. These findings indicate that high carbon contents and introduction of additional nitrogen in recharge water cause serious bioclogging in MAR, suggesting the necessity for controlling quality of recharge water.

scholarly journals Testing the Impact of Waste from Anaerobic Digestion (Enriched with an Organic Component) on the Quality of Agricultural Land

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Jana Kodymová ◽  
Miroslav Kyncl ◽  
Hana Švehláková ◽  
Magdaléna Bártková
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Component ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Macro And Micronutrients ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Waste from anaerobic digestion is considered as a mineral fertilizer and it is usually applied to agricultural land. The aim of our attempt was to enrich this waste from anaerobic digestion (digestate) with an organic component (in our case represented by haylage). For this purpose, we made different mixtures of digestate and haylage in different weight ratios. In the field trial, the effect of these mixtures on the soil, under standard agricultural conditions, was monitored. Selected accessible nutrients (P, K, Mg, Mn, Ca) and the amount of carbon and nitrogen in the soil were monitored. The results of the laboratory tests confirmed that the areas where the sowing and digestate mixtures were applied showed greater amounts of macro- and micronutrients in plant-accessible forms than the surface fertilized only with digestate or areas fertilized only with standard fertilizers.

scholarly journals Managed Aquifer Recharge for Water Resilience

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Dillon ◽  
Enrique Fernández Escalante ◽  
Sharon B. Megdal ◽  
Gudrun Massmann
Keyword(s):  
International Association ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Managed Aquifer Recharge ◽  
Aquifer Recharge ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Integrated Water Management ◽  
Acceptable Solution ◽  
Local Water

Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) is part of the palette of solutions to water shortage, water security, water quality decline, falling water tables, and endangered groundwater-dependent ecosystems. It can be the most economic, most benign, most resilient, and most socially acceptable solution, but frequently has not been implemented due to lack of awareness, inadequate knowledge of aquifers, immature perception of risk, and incomplete policies for integrated water management, including linking MAR with demand management. MAR can achieve much towards solving the myriad local water problems that have collectively been termed “the global water crisis”. This special issue strives to elucidate the effectiveness, benefits, constraints, limitations, and applicability of MAR, together with its scientific advances, to a wide variety of situations that have global relevance. This special issue was initiated by the International Association of Hydrogeologists Commission on Managing Aquifer Recharge to capture and extend from selected papers at the 10th International Symposium on Managed Aquifer Recharge (ISMAR10) held in Madrid, Spain, 20–24 May 2019.

scholarly journals A simulation impact evaluation of social-economic development on water resource use

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenyi Wang ◽  
Weihua Zeng ◽  
Bo Yao ◽  
Jing Wei
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Social Growth ◽  
Tongzhou District ◽  
Social Economic Development ◽  
The Impact

Due to the fast growth of the economy and population, the water scarcity issue has aroused widespread critical concern. In fact, reasonable structure, adaptive patterns and effective regulation of the economy, society and water resources can bring a harmonious future. Therefore, the study of how to balance economic social growth and water resources is of great importance. A model of the water resource, society and economy system of the Tongzhou district was designed by Stella. The model established here attempts to analyze future trends in social-economic development and the impact of the economic and population growth on water use in the Tongzhou district under three scenarios. The results reveal that the water shortage is very serious. If the current trends persist, the existing water supply will not be able to meet the water demand in the future. Tongzhou district's water shortage will be 162.50 million m3 in 2020 under the business-as-usual scenario. Therefore, it is necessary to develop unconventional water sources and improve the water-saving capacity of production and life to alleviate the water tensions. This research offers insight into larger questions regarding economic growth and water resource management in general.

Assessing the impact of projected climate change on drought vulnerability in Scotland

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 806-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Gosling
Keyword(s):  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Resource Scarcity ◽  
Drought Vulnerability ◽  
Collaborative Project ◽  
North West ◽  
Ecological Implications ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Although Scotland is relatively water resource rich in a UK and European context, water resource scarcity can occur during exceptional dry periods such as those experienced in North West Scotland during July 2012. Precipitation and flow anomaly indices have been recently developed and introduced operationally by the Scottish Environment Protection Agency, in order to assess the severity of dry episodes and use this information within the decision-making process when managing the ecological implications of measures required to ensure continuity of water supply. The latest projections of future climate in the UK (UKCP09) point to warmer, drier summers across much of Scotland and, as such, imply an increased frequency of periods of water shortage. This study makes use of the results from a collaborative project in which projected values of climate variables have been used to derive projected river flows at a number of catchments across the UK. These datasets have been used to evaluate the change in frequency of significant precipitation and flow deficits in Scotland. The findings suggest a marked increase in frequency of summer water resource scarcity across much of Scotland which has implications for water resource management, particularly where current storage is relatively low.

scholarly journals “You Can Get Prepared, But It’s Still Scary Walking Out The Door”: Exploring the Role of Dynamic Re-entry Factors in Release Planning for High-Risk Offenders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Chelsea M. Richards
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Release Planning ◽  
Dynamic Risk ◽  
Indirect Relationship ◽  
The Impact

<p>The task of preparing high-risk prisoners for the multitude of challenges they will face once released is vital to their chances of successful re-entry. Recent research in New Zealand has found that developing good quality plans for life after prison is associated with reduced rates of reoffending after release – but how? One suggestion is that release plans help to ameliorate risks in offenders’ release environments. However, research examining how these risk factors are affected by the quality of release plans is scarce. This thesis investigates whether release planning has an indirect relationship with recidivism through its influence on dynamic risk and protective factors in re-entry, as measured by a risk management tool used by Community Probation Services in New Zealand: the Dynamic Risk Assessment for Offender Re-entry (DRAOR; Serin, 2007). A coding protocol to assess the quality of release plans was developed and retrospectively applied to a sample of 303 high-risk male parolees. Outcomes of interest were “short-term recidivism” (within 100 days of release) and “longer-term recidivism” (within one year of release) across four different indices. Results indicated that parolees who did not reoffend within the first 100 days of release had significantly better quality release plans than those who did reoffend. Better quality release plans also predicted greater stability in acute risk factors, and greater improvements in overall DRAOR scores, within the first 100 days of release. Logistic mediation analyses confirmed that release planning had an indirect relationship with both short-term and longer-term recidivism through its influence on DRAOR total scores. Together, these findings suggest that release planning may facilitate successful re-entry by reducing the impact of acute triggers or destabilisers in the release environment, thus protecting against a potential relapse. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed, along with limitations of the study and suggested directions for future research.</p>

scholarly journals Managed Aquifer Recharge suitability mapping combined with field examination and numerical simulation in the Danube-Tisza Interfluve, Hungary

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsóka Szabó ◽  
Márk Szijártó ◽  
Marco Masetti ◽  
Daniele Pedretti ◽  
Ferenc Visnovitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Unsaturated Flow ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Managed Aquifer Recharge ◽  
Local Scale ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Danube River ◽  
Aquifer Recharge ◽  
Horizon 2020

&lt;p&gt;The Danube-Tisza Interfluve is one of the largest areas covered by wind-blown sand in Hungary. Two major morphologic region types are the flat-bottomed valleys of the Danube and Tisza rivers and a central elevated ridge region, characterized by sand plains, dunes and deflationary depressions. The area is poor in surface waters, mainly artificial channels can be found. Previously many lakes were present, but most of them dried out due to water abstraction, climate change, forestation and canalization related water level reduction. Water management problems in the broader area have been known for decades, many plans have been made to address water scarcity, but none have materialized (Kov&amp;#225;cs et al. 2017). These plans usually tried to solve water shortage with large scale engineering solutions, e.g. to pump water up from the Danube River Valley through surface channels to the ridge region (Nagy et al. 2016). This is very expensive, influences the ecological pattern, moreover water can easily infiltrate from the channels and would not reach the higher regions in the required amount (Silva Cisneros, 2019).&lt;br&gt;The aim of the research was to examine the suitability of Managed Aquifer Recharge methods, then a local scale field research was carried out in order to find local scale solutions. Finally the results were checked by numerical simulation to contribute to the solution of water shortage of this ecologically important area.&lt;br&gt;Firstly, a MAR surface infiltration suitability map was constructed, that shows areas with favorable hydraulic conductivity at the upper 10 m and low water levels, which means that there is a reservoir in the unsaturated zone to store infiltrated water. Based on suitability mapping, a local research area was selected which showed promising potential. Geophysical measurements (ERT &amp;#8211; Electrical Resistivity Tomography, RMT &amp;#8211; Radio-magnetotellurics) were performed, shallow wells were surveyed, and additional wells were drilled by hand driller. The results obtained during the field sampling contributed to the preliminary characterization of the area from a geological and hydrogeological point of view. In order to understand the effects of artificial channels and the possible water recharge methods a saturated-unsaturated flow model and different scenario models were built up in 2D.&lt;br&gt;This local scale case study was a first step towards the further aim of this research, which is to understand the effects of man-made changes on groundwater flow systems in the broader area and suggest appropriate local scale MAR solutions accordingly.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This research is part of a project that has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 810980.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kov&amp;#225;cs, A. D., Hoyk, E., Farkas, J. Z. (2017).&lt;/strong&gt; Homokh&amp;#225;ts&amp;#225;g&amp;#8211;A semi-arid region facing with complex problems in the Carpathian Basin. &lt;em&gt;European Countryside,&amp;#160;9&lt;/em&gt;(1), 29-50.&lt;br&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nagy, I., Tomb&amp;#225;cz, E., L&amp;#225;szl&amp;#243;, T., Magyar, E., M&amp;#233;sz&amp;#225;ros, Sz., Pusk&amp;#225;s, E., Scheer, M. (2016). &lt;/strong&gt;V&amp;#237;zvisszatart&amp;#225;si mintaprojektek a Homokh&amp;#225;ts&amp;#225;gon: &amp;#8222;Nyugati &amp;#233;s Keleti&amp;#8221; mintater&amp;#252;letek. &lt;em&gt;Hidrol&amp;#243;giai K&amp;#246;zl&amp;#246;ny, 96&lt;/em&gt;(4), 42-60.&lt;br&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Silva Cisneros, C. (2019). &lt;/strong&gt;Identification of suitable zones of Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) in Western area of Duna-Tisza Interfluve using Geographic Information System (GIS). &lt;em&gt;MSc thesis. E&amp;#246;tv&amp;#246;s Lor&amp;#225;nd University,&lt;/em&gt; 62.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Effects of limited irrigation water volumes on near-isohydric ‘Montepulciano’ vines trained to overhead trellis system

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oriana Silvestroni ◽  
Alberto Palliotti ◽  
Bruno Di Lena ◽  
Vitale Nuzzo ◽  
Paolo Sabbatini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Isotope Discrimination ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
High Water ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Main Shoot ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Anthocyanin Concentration ◽  
Water Volumes ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The thermal increase, due to the changed climatic context, is leading to marked variations in the yield and quality of the grapes and causing an increase in the use of water resources in several viticultural areas. Nevertheless, in some environments, rainfalls are scarce and there is no water availability. In this study, we compared the impact of low water irrigation volumes (DI, replacement of 70% of crop evapotranspiration) with respect to non-irrigated vines (NI), on the physiological, yield and qualitative performances of near-isohydric variety ‘Montepulciano’, trained to overhead trellis system, which requires a high-water supply. The stomatal conductance and photosynthesis values, in basal and median leaves, were higher in DI vines. All NI leaves suffered water stress, showing in the youngest leaves (position 20 and 25 along the main shoot) higher carbon isotope discrimination (δ13C) (− 25.38‰ and 25–25.77‰, respectively). At harvest, DI vines showed yield higher of 30% and 33% than NI vines in 2005 and 2006, respectively, and 18% in 2007. In environments with prolonged water shortage and low water resource, near-isohydric ‘Montepulciano’ vines, trained to overhead trellis system and irrigated with limited volumes, determined a significant improvement of ‘vineyard efficiency’ with a yield of 19.2 t/ha with respect to 13.4 t/ha of NI vines, ensuring also more sugar content (+ 31%), anthocyanin concentration (+ 13%) and polyphenolic substances (+ 8%) than NI vines.

scholarly journals Dynamics of Water Quality: Impact Assessment Process for Water Resource Management

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ejaz-ul-Hassan Bhatti ◽  
Mudasser Muneer Khan ◽  
Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah ◽  
Syed Safdar Raza ◽  
Muhammad Shoaib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Resource Management ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Irrigation Canal ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Irrigation Purpose ◽  
The Impact

Surface water is an important source of water supply for irrigation purpose and in urban areas, sewage water is being disposed of in nearby canals without treatment. A study was conducted to investigate the dynamics of water quality of irrigation canal as a result of this practice. The study ascertained the impact of different salinity parameters, indices and approaches to examine the hazardous effects on quality of canal water. The study analyses the samples collected for various parameters like pH, TDS, EC, Na, Cl, Ca, Mg, K, CO3, HCO3 etc. It helped to decide the restriction on use of water based on FAO-UN guidelines. Investigations were focused on assessment of contaminants affecting the quality of water and having hazardous effects on different stages of irrigation water usage. Wilcox diagram and Doneen’s approach-based analysis helped to identify the class and quality of water. This study shall help to analyze the quality of water and provide support to the decision makers for better water resource management and policy development for irrigation purpose i.e. treatment and distribution of water resource.

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