scholarly journals Testing the value of a multi-scale gravimetric analysis in characterizing active fault 2 geometry at hypocentral depths: the 2016-2017 Central Italy seismic sequence

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (Vol 61 (2018)) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Luiso ◽  
Valeria Paoletti ◽  
Rosa Nappi ◽  
Germana Gaudiosi ◽  
Federico Cella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Fault ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Seismic Sequence ◽  
Multi Scale

scholarly journals Soil gas geochemical behaviour across buried and exposed faults during the 24 august 2016 central Italy earthquake

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giancarlo Ciotoli ◽  
Alessandra Sciarra ◽  
Livio Ruggiero ◽  
Aldo Annunziatellis ◽  
Sabina Bigi
Keyword(s):  
Active Fault ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Soil Gas ◽  
Seismic Sequence ◽  
Spatial Behaviour ◽  
Fault Rupture ◽  
Central Italy Earthquake ◽  
Geochemical Behaviour ◽  
Buried Fault ◽  
Soil Gas Survey

<p>Following the earthquake (M<sub>L</sub>=6.0) of 24 August 2016 that affected large part of the central Apennine between the municipalities of Norcia (PG) and Amatrice (RI) (central Italy), two soil gas profiles (i.e., <sup>222</sup>Rn, <sup>220</sup>Rn, CO<sub>2</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> flux) were carried out across buried and exposed coseismic fault rupture of the Mt. Vettore fault during the seismic sequence. The objective of the survey was to explore the mechanisms of migration and the spatial behaviour of different gas species near still-degassing active fault. Results provide higher gas and CO<sub>2</sub> flux values (about twice for <sup>222</sup>Rn and CO<sub>2</sub> flux) in correspondence of the buried sector of the fault than those measured across the exposed coseismic rupture. Anomalous peaks due to advective migration are clearly visible on both side of the buried fault (profile 1), whereas the lower soil gas concentrations measured across the exposed coseimic rupture (profile 2) are mainly caused by shallow and still acting diffusive degassing associated to faulting during the seismic sequence. These results confirm the usefulness of the soil gas survey to spatially recognise the shallow geometry of hidden faults, and to discriminate the geochemical migration mechanisms occurring at buried and exposed faults related to seismic activity.</p>

scholarly journals Digital Field Mapping and Drone-Aided Survey for Structural Geological Data Collection and Seismic Hazard Assessment: Case of the 2016 Central Italy Earthquakes

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 5233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Cirillo
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Active Fault ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Seismic Sequence ◽  
Geological Data ◽  
Digital Device ◽  
Remote Sensing Techniques ◽  
High Degree

In this work, a high-resolution survey of the coseismic ground ruptures due to the 2016 Central Italy seismic sequence, performed through a dedicated software installed on a digital device, is strengthened by the analysis of a set of drone-acquired images. We applied this integrated approach to two active sections of the Mt Vettore active fault segment which, in the Castelluccio di Norcia plain (central Italy), were affected by surface faulting after the most energetic events of the sequence: the 24 August, Mw 6.0, Amatrice and 30 October, Mw 6.5, Norcia earthquakes. The main aim is to establish the range in which the results obtained measuring the same structures using different tools vary. An operating procedure, which can be helpful to map extensive sets of coseismic ground ruptures especially where the latter affects wide, poorly accessible, or dangerous areas, is also proposed. We compared datasets collected through different technologies, including faults attitude, dip-angles, coseismic displacements, and slip vectors. After assessing the accuracy of the results, even at centimetric resolutions, we conclude that the structural dataset obtained through remote sensing techniques shows a high degree of reliability.

scholarly journals Failure Analysis of Apennine Masonry Churches Severely Damaged during the 2016 Central Italy Seismic Sequence

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Clementi
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Sensitivity Study ◽  
Nonlinear Material ◽  
Seismic Sequence ◽  
Nonlinear Approach ◽  
Nonlinear Static ◽  
Masonry Churches ◽  
Global And Local

This paper presents a detailed study of the damages and collapses suffered by various masonry churches in the aftermath of the seismic sequence of Central Italy in 2016. The damages will first be analyzed and then compared with the numerical data obtained through 3D simulations with eigenfrequency and then nonlinear static analyses (i.e., pushover). The main purposes of this study are: (i) to create an adequately consistent sensitivity study on several definite case studies to obtain an insight into the role played by geometry—which is always unique when referred to churches—and by irregularities; (ii) validate or address the applicability limits of the more widespread nonlinear approach, widely recommended by the Italian Technical Regulations. Pushover analyses are conducted assuming that the masonry behaves as a nonlinear material with different tensile and compressive strengths. The consistent number of case studies investigated will show how conventional static approaches can identify, albeit in a qualitative way, the most critical macro-elements that usually trigger both global and local collapses, underlining once again how the phenomena are affected by the geometry of stones and bricks, the texture of the wall face, and irregularities in the plan and elevation and in addition to hypotheses made on the continuity between orthogonal walls.

scholarly journals Exceedance of design actions in epicentral areas: insights from the ShakeMap envelopes for the 2016–2017 central Italy sequence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iunio Iervolino ◽  
Pasquale Cito ◽  
Chiara Felicetta ◽  
Giovanni Lanzano ◽  
Antonio Vitale
Keyword(s):  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Structural Engineering ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Civil Defense ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Seismic Sequence ◽  
Ground Shaking ◽  
Motion Effect ◽  
Observed Damage

AbstractShakeMap is the tool to evaluate the ground motion effect of earthquakes in vast areas. It is useful to delimit the zones where the shaking is expected to have been most significant, for civil defense rapid response. From the earthquake engineering point of view, it can be used to infer the seismic actions on the built environment to calibrate vulnerability models or to define the reconstruction policies based on observed damage vs shaking. In the case of long-lasting seismic sequences, it can be useful to develop ShakeMap envelopes, that is, maps of the largest ground intensity among those from the ShakeMap of (selected) events of a seismic sequence, to delimit areas where the effects of the whole sequence have been of structural engineering relevance. This study introduces ShakeMap envelopes and discusses them for the central Italy 2016–2017 seismic sequence. The specific goals of the study are: (i) to compare the envelopes and the ShakeMap of the main events of the sequence to make the case for sequence-based maps; (ii) to quantify the exceedance of design seismic actions based on the envelopes; (iii) to make envelopes available for further studies and the reconstruction planning; (iv) to gather insights on the (repeated) exceedance of design seismic actions at some sites. Results, which include considerations of uncertainty in ShakeMap, show that the sequence caused exceedance of design hazard in thousands of square kilometers. The most relevant effects of the sequence are, as expected, due to the mainshock, yet seismic actions larger than those enforced by the code for structural design are found also around the epicenters of the smaller magnitude events. At some locations, the succession of ground-shaking that has excited structures, provides insights on structural damage accumulation that has likely taken place; something that is not accounted for explicitly in modern seismic design. The envelopes developed are available as supplemental material.

scholarly journals Along-strike rupture directivity of earthquakes of the 2009 L'Aquila, central Italy, seismic sequence

2015 ◽  
Vol 203 (1) ◽  
pp. 399-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Calderoni ◽  
A. Rovelli ◽  
Y. Ben-Zion ◽  
R. Di Giovambattista
Keyword(s):  
Central Italy ◽  
Seismic Sequence ◽  
Rupture Directivity

scholarly journals Iconic crumbling of the clock tower in Amatrice after 2016 central Italy seismic sequence: advanced numerical insight

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 314-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Poiani ◽  
V. Gazzani ◽  
F. Clementi ◽  
G. Milani ◽  
M. Valente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Italy ◽  
Seismic Sequence

scholarly journals Sustainable Improvement of Zeolitic Pyroclastic Soils for the Preservation of Historical Sites

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 899
Author(s):  
Manuela Cecconi ◽  
Costanza Cambi ◽  
Stefano Carrisi ◽  
Dimitri Deneele ◽  
Enza Vitale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Italy ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Sustainable Improvement ◽  
Calcium Silicate Hydrates ◽  
Historical Sites ◽  
Oedometer Tests

Climate changes are inducing a modification of environmental loads on historical sites, requiring new actions towards their conservation. In the paper, the results of an experimental work on sustainable improvement of a pyroclastic soil belonging to the Orvieto cliff (Central Italy) have been investigated in the perspective of its preservation from degradation. The slightly coherent facies of Orvieto Ignimbrite (pozzolana) was treated with hydrated lime and the subsequent chemo-physical evolution was investigated by means of a multi-scale analysis. The beneficial effects obtained from the improvement in terms of mechanical behaviour were interpreted and correlated to the chemo-physical evolution of the system. Microstructural analyses, X-ray diffractometry, thermo-gravimetric analyses (DTG), SEM observations, mercury intrusion porosimetry performed on raw and treated samples, showed that the pozzolanic reactions develop since the very beginning in the system and that the observed mechanical improvement of the treated soil is mainly due to the formation of calcium silicate hydrates (CSH) and calcium aluminate hydrates (CAH). In the paper, the mechanical improvement is put in evidence by comparing the results of oedometer tests performed on both raw and treated samples.

Landslide hazard evaluation: a review of current techniques and their application in a multi-scale study, Central Italy

Geomorphology ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 31 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 181-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fausto Guzzetti ◽  
Alberto Carrara ◽  
Mauro Cardinali ◽  
Paola Reichenbach
Keyword(s):  
Central Italy ◽  
Landslide Hazard ◽  
Hazard Evaluation ◽  
Multi Scale

scholarly journals The first month of the 2016 central Italy seismic sequence: fast determination of time domain moment tensors and finite fault model analysis of the ML 5.4 aftershock

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Scognamiglio ◽  
Elisa Tinti ◽  
Matteo Quintiliani
Keyword(s):  
Time Domain ◽  
Moment Tensor ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Model Analysis ◽  
Fault Model ◽  
Normal Faults ◽  
Seismic Sequence ◽  
Moment Tensors ◽  
Finite Fault ◽  
Finite Fault Model

<p>We present the revised Time Domain Moment Tensor (TDMT) catalogue for earthquakes with M_L larger than 3.6 of the first month of the ongoing Amatrice seismic sequence (August 24th - September 25th). Most of the retrieved focal mechanisms show NNW–SSE striking normal faults in agreement with the main NE-SW extensional deformation of Central Apennines. We also report a preliminary finite fault model analysis performed on the larger aftershock of this period of the sequence (M_w 5.4) and discuss the obtained results in the framework of aftershocks distribution.</p>

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