scholarly journals Analog experiments of lava flow emplacement

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (Vol 61 (2018)) ◽  
Author(s):  
Einat Lev ◽  
Elise Rumpf
Keyword(s):  
Lava Flow ◽  
Lava Flow Emplacement ◽  
Analog Experiments

scholarly journals Lava flow hazard at Fogo Volcano, Cabo Verde, before and after the 2014–2015 eruption

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1925-1951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Richter ◽  
Massimiliano Favalli ◽  
Elske de Zeeuw-van Dalfsen ◽  
Alessandro Fornaciai ◽  
Rui Manuel da Silva Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lava Flow ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Flow Simulations ◽  
Cabo Verde ◽  
Topographic Information ◽  
Lava Flow Hazard ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Lava Flow Emplacement ◽  
Fogo Volcano

Abstract. Lava flow simulations help to better understand volcanic hazards and may assist emergency preparedness at active volcanoes. We demonstrate that at Fogo Volcano, Cabo Verde, such simulations can explain the 2014–2015 lava flow crisis and therefore provide a valuable base to better prepare for the next inevitable eruption. We conducted topographic mapping in the field and a satellite-based remote sensing analysis. We produced the first topographic model of the 2014–2015 lava flow from combined terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) and photogrammetric data. This high-resolution topographic information facilitates lava flow volume estimates of 43.7 ± 5.2 × 106 m3 from the vertical difference between pre- and posteruptive topographies. Both the pre-eruptive and updated digital elevation models (DEMs) serve as the fundamental input data for lava flow simulations using the well-established DOWNFLOW algorithm. Based on thousands of simulations, we assess the lava flow hazard before and after the 2014–2015 eruption. We find that, although the lava flow hazard has changed significantly, it remains high at the locations of two villages that were destroyed during this eruption. This result is of particular importance as villagers have already started to rebuild the settlements. We also analysed satellite radar imagery acquired by the German TerraSAR-X (TSX) satellite to map lava flow emplacement over time. We obtain the lava flow boundaries every 6 to 11 days during the eruption, which assists the interpretation and evaluation of the lava flow model performance. Our results highlight the fact that lava flow hazards change as a result of modifications of the local topography due to lava flow emplacement. This implies the need for up-to-date topographic information in order to assess lava flow hazards. We also emphasize that areas that were once overrun by lava flows are not necessarily safer, even if local lava flow thicknesses exceed the average lava flow thickness. Our observations will be important for the next eruption of Fogo Volcano and have implications for future lava flow crises and disaster response efforts at basaltic volcanoes elsewhere in the world.

The influence of topographic roughness on lava flow emplacement

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Elise Rumpf ◽  
Einat Lev ◽  
Robert Wysocki
Keyword(s):  
Lava Flow ◽  
Topographic Roughness ◽  
Lava Flow Emplacement

scholarly journals Mechanisms of lava flow emplacement during an effusive eruption of Sinabung Volcano (Sumatra, Indonesia)

2019 ◽  
Vol 382 ◽  
pp. 137-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett B. Carr ◽  
Amanda B. Clarke ◽  
Loÿc Vanderkluysen ◽  
J. Ramón Arrowsmith
Keyword(s):  
Lava Flow ◽  
Effusive Eruption ◽  
Lava Flow Emplacement

scholarly journals The 1998 eruption of Axial Seamount: New insights on submarine lava flow emplacement from high-resolution mapping

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 3939-3968 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. Chadwick ◽  
D. A. Clague ◽  
R. W. Embley ◽  
M. R. Perfit ◽  
D. A. Butterfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Lava Flow ◽  
High Resolution Mapping ◽  
Submarine Lava ◽  
Resolution Mapping ◽  
Lava Flow Emplacement ◽  
Axial Seamount

Magma ascent and lava flow emplacement rates during the 2011 Axial Seamount eruption based on CO2 degassing

2018 ◽  
Vol 494 ◽  
pp. 32-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.R. Jones ◽  
S.A. Soule ◽  
H.M. Gonnermann ◽  
V. Le Roux ◽  
D.A. Clague
Keyword(s):  
Lava Flow ◽  
Magma Ascent ◽  
Lava Flow Emplacement ◽  
Axial Seamount ◽  
Co2 Degassing

scholarly journals Viscosity changes during crystallization of a shoshonitic magma: new insights on lava flow emplacement

2013 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco VETERE ◽  
Hiroaki SATO ◽  
Hidemi ISHIBASHI ◽  
Rosanna DE ROSA ◽  
Paola DONATO
Keyword(s):  
Lava Flow ◽  
Lava Flow Emplacement ◽  
Viscosity Changes
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