scholarly journals Surface faulting during the August 24, 2016, Central Italy earthquake (Mw 6.0): preliminary results

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franz A. Livio ◽  
A. M. Michetti ◽  
E. Vittori ◽  
L. Gregory ◽  
L. Wedmore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Italy ◽  
Surface Expression ◽  
Deformation Pattern ◽  
Complex Deformation ◽  
Fault Surface ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
The North ◽  
Central Italy Earthquake ◽  
Seismogenic Source ◽  
Adjacent Structures

<p>We present some preliminary results on the mapping of coseismically-induced ground ruptures following the Aug. 24, 2016, Central Italy earthquake (Mw 6.0). The seismogenic source, as highlighted by InSAR and seismological data, ruptured across two adjacent structures: the Vettore and Laga faults. We collected field data on ground breaks along the whole deformed area and two different scenarios of on-fault coseismic displacement arise from these observations. To the north, along the Vettore fault, surface faulting can be mapped quite continuously along a well-defined fault strand while such features are almost absent to the south, along the Laga fault, where flysch-like marly units are present. A major lithological control, affects the surface expression of faulting, resulting in a complex deformation pattern.</p>

scholarly journals On the complexity of surface ruptures during normal faulting earthquakes: excerpts from the 6 April 2009, L'Aquila (central Italy) earthquake (<i>M</i><sub>w</sub> 6.3)

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 2043-2079
Author(s):  
L. Bonini ◽  
D. Di Bucci ◽  
G. Toscani ◽  
S. Seno ◽  
G. Valensise
Keyword(s):  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Normal Faults ◽  
Normal Faulting ◽  
Seismogenic Fault ◽  
Earthquake Catalogues ◽  
Central Italy Earthquake ◽  
Seismological Data ◽  
Seismogenic Source ◽  
Earthquake Potential

Abstract. Over the past few years the assessment of the earthquake potential of large continental faults has increasingly relied on field investigations. State-of-the-art seismic hazard models are progressively complementing the information derived from earthquake catalogues with geological observations of active faulting. Using these observations, however, requires full understanding of the relationships between seismogenic slip at depth and surface deformation, such that the evidence indicating the presence of a large, potentially seismogenic fault can be singled out effectively and unambiguously. We used observations and models of the 6 April 2009, Mw 6.3, L'Aquila, normal faulting earthquake to explore the relationships between the activity of a large fault at seismogenic depth and its surface evidence. This very well-documented earthquake is representative of mid-size yet damaging earthquakes that are frequent around the Mediterranean Basin, and is somehow paradigmatic of the nature of the associated geologic evidence along with observational difficulties and ambiguities. Thanks to available high-resolution geologic, geodetic and seismological data aided by analogue modeling, we reconstructed the full geometry of the seismogenic source in relation with surface and sub-surface faults. We find that the earthquake was caused by seismogenic slip in the range 3–10 km depth, and that the slip distribution was strongly controlled by inherited discontinuities. We also contend that faulting was expressed at the surface by pseudo-primary breaks resulting from coseismic crustal bending and by sympathetic slip on secondary faults. Based on our results we propose a scheme for hierarchizing normal faults through which all surface occurrences related to faulting at depth can be interpreted in the frame of a single, mechanically coherent model. Appreciating such complexity is crucial to avoid severe over- or under-estimation of the local seismogenic potential.

scholarly journals Deformation pattern of the 6 and 7 April 2009, <i>M</i><sub>W</sub>=6.3 and <i>M</i><sub>W</sub>=5.6 earthquakes in L'Aquila (Central Italy) revealed by ground and space based observations

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. D. Papanikolaou ◽  
M. Foumelis ◽  
I. Parcharidis ◽  
E. L. Lekkas ◽  
I. G. Fountoulis
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Deformation Pattern ◽  
Fault Surface ◽  
The Past ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Surface Ruptures ◽  
Maximum Subsidence ◽  
Fault Trace ◽  
Earthquake Environmental Effects

Abstract. The deformation pattern of the 6 and 7 April 2009 MW=6.3 and MW=5.6 earthquakes in L'Aquila is revealed by DInSAR analysis and compared with earthquake environmental effects. The DInSAR predicted fault surface ruptures coincide with localities where surface ruptures have been observed in the field, confirming that the ruptures observed near Paganica village are indeed primary. These ruptures are almost one order of magnitude lower than the ruptures that have been produced by other major surrounding faults in the past. These faults have not been activated during the 2009 event, but have the capacity to generate significantly stronger events. DInSAR analysis shows that 66% (or 305 km2) of the area deformed has been subsided whereas the remaining 34% (or 155 km2) has been uplifted. A footwall uplift versus hangingwall subsidence ratio of about 1/3 is extracted from the mainshock. The maximum subsidence (25 cm) was recorded about 4.5 km away from the primary surface ruptures and about 9 km away from the epicentre. In the immediate hangingwall, subsidence did not exceeded 15 cm, showing that the maximum subsidence is not recorded near the ruptured fault trace, but closer to the hangingwall centre. The deformation pattern is asymmetrical expanding significantly towards the southeast. A part of this asymmetry can be attributed to the contribution of the 7 April event in the deformation field.

scholarly journals Recent seismicity before the 24 August 2016 Mw 6.0 Central Italy Earthquake as recorded by the ReSIICO seismic network

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Marzorati ◽  
Marco Cattaneo ◽  
Massimo Frapiccini ◽  
Giancarlo Monachesi ◽  
Chiara Ladina
Keyword(s):  
Central Italy ◽  
Seismic Network ◽  
Seismic Sequence ◽  
L’Aquila Earthquake ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Seismic Sequences ◽  
Seismic Swarm ◽  
Central Italy Earthquake ◽  
2009 L’Aquila Earthquake ◽  
Preparatory Phase

The seismicity of the last four years before the August 24 2016 01:36 UTC M<sub>W</sub> 6.0 earthquake that struck central Italy is presented with the aim to understand the preparatory phase of the event. In contrast with the 2009 L’Aquila earthquake that was preceded by a seismic sequence and the 2013-2015 Gubbio seismic swarm that, to date, is ended without any strong event, our preliminary results don’t show seismic sequences in the last months previous the mainshock of the August 24 2016 and a low similarity between seismicity clusters in the last four years and the foreshocks.

scholarly journals Reconnaissance of 2016 Central Italy Earthquake Sequence

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 1547-1555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan P. Stewart ◽  
Paolo Zimmaro ◽  
Giuseppe Lanzo ◽  
Silvia Mazzoni ◽  
Ernesto Ausilio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motions ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Normal Fault ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Earthquake Sequence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The North ◽  
Central Italy Earthquake ◽  
Damage States ◽  
Large Town

The Central Italy earthquake sequence nominally began on 24 August 2016 with a M6.1 event on a normal fault that produced devastating effects in the town of Amatrice and several nearby villages and hamlets. A major international response was undertaken to record the effects of this disaster, including surface faulting, ground motions, landslides, and damage patterns to structures. This work targeted the development of high-value case histories useful to future research. Subsequent events in October 2016 exacerbated the damage in previously affected areas and caused damage to new areas in the north, particularly the relatively large town of Norcia. Additional reconnaissance after a M6.5 event on 30 October 2016 documented and mapped several large landslide features and increased damage states for structures in villages and hamlets throughout the region. This paper provides an overview of the reconnaissance activities undertaken to document and map these and other effects, and highlights valuable lessons learned regarding faulting and ground motions, engineering effects, and emergency response to this disaster.

scholarly journals Active faults in the epicentral and mesoseismal Ml 6.0 24, 2016 Amatrice earthquake region, central Italy. Methodological and seismotectonic issues

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuela Falcucci ◽  
Stefano Gori ◽  
Fabrizio Galadini ◽  
Giandomenico Fubelli ◽  
Marco Moro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Italy ◽  
Active Faults ◽  
Surface Expression ◽  
National Database ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Tectonic Structures ◽  
Geological Evidence ◽  
Seismogenic Source ◽  
2016 Amatrice Earthquake ◽  
Near Future

The August 24, 2016 Amatrice earthquake (Ml 6.0) struck a region of the central Apennines (Italy) where several active faults were known since decades, most of which are considered the surface expression of seismogenic sources potentially able to rupture during earthquakes with M of up to 6.5-7. The current debate on which structure/s activated during the mainshock and the possibility that conterminous faults may activate in a near future urged us gathering all the data on surface geological evidence of fault activity we collected over the past 15-20 years in the area. We then map the main tectonic structures of the 2016 earthquake epicentral and mesoseismal region. Our aim is to provide hints on their seismogenic potential, as possible contribution to the national Database of Individual Seismogenic Source (DISS) and to the Database of the active and capable fault ITaly HAzard from CApable faults (ITHACA).

scholarly journals Rupture imaging for the 2016 August 24, Mw=6.0 central Italy earthquake, from back-projection of strong-motion array data

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilberto Saccorotti ◽  
Davide Piccinini ◽  
Carlo Giunchi
Keyword(s):  
Waveform Inversion ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Beam Power ◽  
Rupture Propagation ◽  
Fault Surface ◽  
Seismic Displacement ◽  
Motion Data ◽  
Central Italy Earthquake

<p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: 'Bitstream Charter', serif;"><span>By extending the conventional Beam-Forming frequency-wavenumber power spectral estimate to the case of arbitrarily-shaped wavefronts, we obtained images of rupture propagation during the 2016 August 24, Mw=6.0 central Italy earthquake. Using a set of strong-motion accelerometers, we evaluate the beam power along the travel time curves associated with synthetic sources spanning a model fault surface. This allows deriving time-dependent images of the distribution of energy radiation throughout the fault plane. Results indicate bi-lateral rupture propagation toward SE and NW, in rough agreement with surface co-seismic displacement and surface damage pattern. To a first order, our results are also consistent with those obtained from full-waveform inversion of strong-motion data.</span></span></p>

scholarly journals On the complexity of surface ruptures during normal faulting earthquakes: excerpts from the 6 April 2009 L'Aquila (central Italy) earthquake (<i>M</i><sub>w</sub> 6.3)

Solid Earth ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 389-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Bonini ◽  
D. Di Bucci ◽  
G. Toscani ◽  
S. Seno ◽  
G. Valensise
Keyword(s):  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Normal Fault ◽  
Normal Faulting ◽  
Seismogenic Fault ◽  
Geological Evidence ◽  
Central Italy Earthquake ◽  
Seismological Data ◽  
Seismogenic Source ◽  
Earthquake Potential

Abstract. Over the past few years the assessment of the earthquake potential of large continental faults has increasingly relied on field investigations. State-of-the-art seismic hazard models are progressively complementing the information derived from earthquake catalogs with geological observations of active faulting. Using these observations, however, requires full understanding of the relationships between seismogenic slip at depth and surface deformation, such that the evidence indicating the presence of a large, potentially seismogenic fault can be singled out effectively and unambiguously. We used observations and models of the 6 April 2009, Mw 6.3, L'Aquila, normal faulting earthquake to explore the relationships between the activity of a large fault at seismogenic depth and its surface evidence. This very well-documented earthquake is representative of mid-size yet damaging earthquakes that are frequent around the Mediterranean basin, and was chosen as a paradigm of the nature of the associated geological evidence, along with observational difficulties and ambiguities. Thanks to the available high-resolution geologic, geodetic and seismological data aided by analog modeling, we reconstructed the full geometry of the seismogenic source in relation to surface and sub-surface faults. We maintain that the earthquake was caused by seismogenic slip in the range 3–10 km depth, and that the slip distribution was strongly controlled by inherited discontinuities. We also contend that faulting was expressed at the surface by pseudo-primary breaks resulting from coseismic crustal bending and by sympathetic slip on secondary faults. Based on our results we propose a scheme of normal fault hierarchization through which all surface occurrences related to faulting at various depths can be interpreted in the framework of a single, mechanically coherent model. We stress that appreciating such complexity is crucial to avoiding severe over- or under-estimation of the local seismogenic potential.

Geodetic analysis of the tectonic crustal deformation pattern in the North Aegean Sea, Greece

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilias Lazos ◽  
Sotirios Sboras ◽  
Christos Pikridas ◽  
Spyros Pavlides ◽  
Alexandros Chatzipetros
Keyword(s):  
Crustal Deformation ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
Deformation Pattern ◽  
The North ◽  
North Aegean ◽  
North Aegean Sea
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