scholarly journals Spatial and temporal distribution of vertical ground movements at Mt. Vesuvius in the period 1973-2009

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Folco Pingue ◽  
Milena Bottiglieri ◽  
Cataldo Godano ◽  
Francesco Obrizzo ◽  
Umberto Tammaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Error Propagation ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Campi Flegrei ◽  
Deformation Pattern ◽  
Volcanic Area ◽  
Ground Movements ◽  
Field Assessment ◽  
Vertical Ground ◽  
High Elevations ◽  
Vesuvius Area

<p>Since the early ’70s vertical ground movements at Mount Vesuvius area have been investigated and monitored by the Osservatorio Vesuviano (Isti-tuto Nazionale di Geofisica Vulcanologia - Osservatorio Vesuviano since 2001). This monitoring began with the installation of a high-precision leveling line in the region at medium-high elevations on the volcano. The deformation pattern and expected strain field assessment methods in the volcanic structure induced by inner sources has demanded in subsequent years the expansion of the leveling network up to cover the whole volcanic area, enclosing part of leveling lines of other institutions. As a result of this expansion, the Mt. Vesuvius Area Leveling Network (VALN) has today reached a length of about 270 km and consists of 359 benchmarks. It is configured in 21 circuits and is connected, westward, to the Campi Flegrei leveling network and, northward, to the Campania Plain leveling network. The data collected have been carefully re-analyzed for random and systematic errors and for error propagation along the leveling lines to identify the areas affected by significant ground movements. For each survey, the data were rigorously adjusted and vertical ground movements were evaluated by differentiating the heights calculated by the various measurements conducted by the Osservatorio Vesuviano from 1973 to 2009.</p>

Offshore ground movements in the Campi Flegrei caldera during the last ~12 ka

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Marino ◽  
Luigi Ferranti ◽  
Jacopo Natale ◽  
Marco Sacchi ◽  
Marco Anzidei
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Ground Deformation ◽  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
Ground Movement ◽  
Campi Flegrei ◽  
Caldera Collapse ◽  
Deformation Pattern ◽  
Central Dome ◽  
Ground Movements ◽  
Campi Flegrei Caldera

&lt;p&gt;Appraisal of morphodepositional markers tied to ancient sea-levels in high-resolution seismic profiles together with geo-archaeological markers along the coast of the Pozzuoli Bay provided insights into the vertical deformation of the submerged part of the Campi Flegrei caldera (Southern Italy).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The collapse of the central part of the Campi Flegrei caldera is associated with the eruption of the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (NYT) at ~15 ka. The NYT caldera collapse was followed by central dome resurgence associated with alternations of fast uplift and subsidence displacements that accompanied with discrete phases of intra-caldera volcanic activity. Previously, the evolution of ground movement in the Campi Flegrei caldera has been reconstructed using marine deposits uplifted onland or archaeological evidence and historical accounts and thus offers a mainly 2D appraisal of the deformation pattern. However, a complete reconstruction of post-collapse deformation suffers of the limitation that nearly two-thirds of the caldera are submerged beneath the Pozzuoli Bay.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We contribute to fill this gap by providing a reconstruction of offshore and coastal deformation through estimation of the vertical displacement of morphodepositional markers in high-resolution seismic reflection profiles and geoarchaeological markers directly surveyed at shallow depths. Our interpretation reveals the occurrence of different sediment stacking pattern whose provides evidence of rapid and oscillating ground movements. Whereas the offshore morphodepositional markers provide displacement information for the last ~12 ka, for the last ~2 ka our interpretation is supported by ancient Roman sea-level indicators. The multi-dataset analysis has allowed disentangling the signal related to the post-caldera dynamics from a broader deformation signal that affects this part of the extensional margin of the Apennines.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The integration of offshore data in the study of past episodes of ground deformation, by yielding a more complete picture of the ground motions associated to the post-collapse evolution of the Campi Flegrei caldera, bears a significant contribution for a 3D reconstruction of this high-risk resurgence caldera. Besides, the multidisciplinary approach presented here can be relevant for investigations of other calderas spanning the sea-land transition.&lt;/p&gt;

Unrest episodes at Campi Flegrei: A reconstruction of vertical ground movements during 1905–2009

2010 ◽  
Vol 195 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Del Gaudio ◽  
I. Aquino ◽  
G.P. Ricciardi ◽  
C. Ricco ◽  
R. Scandone
Keyword(s):  
Campi Flegrei ◽  
Ground Movements ◽  
Vertical Ground

scholarly journals Statistics of seismicity to investigate the Campi Flegrei caldera unrest

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Tramelli ◽  
C. Godano ◽  
P. Ricciolino ◽  
F. Giudicepietro ◽  
S. Caliro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Deformation ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Seismic Energy ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Campi Flegrei ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
Seismic Parameters ◽  
Seismicity Rate ◽  
Seismic Catalogue ◽  
Vertical Ground

AbstractThe knowledge of the dynamic of the Campi Flegrei calderic system is a primary goal to mitigate the volcanic risk in one of the most densely populated volcanic areas in the world. From 1950 to 1990 Campi Flegrei suffered three bradyseismic crises with a total uplift of 4.3 m. After 20 years of subsidence, the uplift started again in 2005 accompained by a low increment of the seismicity rate. In 2012 an increment in the seismic energy release and a variation in the gas composition of the fumaroles of Solfatara (in the central area of the caldera) were recorded. Since then, a slow and progressive increase in phenomena continued until today. We analyze the INGV - Osservatorio Vesuviano seismic catalogue of Campi Flegrei from 2000 to 2020 in order to look for any variation in the seismic parameters and compare them with geochemical monitored ones. A remarkable correlation between independent variables of earthquake cumulative number, CO/CO2 values and vertical ground deformation reveals a likely common origin. Moreover the correlation between all the variables here analysed enlightens that the same origin can cause the temporal behavior of all these variables. We interpret the seismological, geochemical and geodetic observable in terms of the injection of magmatic fluids into the hydrothermal system or its pressurization.

scholarly journals Ancient Coastal Changes Due to Ground Movements and Human Interventions in the Roman Portus Julius (Pozzuoli Gulf, Italy): Results from Photogrammetric and Direct Surveys

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro P. C. Aucelli ◽  
Gaia Mattei ◽  
Claudia Caporizzo ◽  
Aldo Cinque ◽  
Salvatore Troisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
3D Model ◽  
First Century ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Ground Movements ◽  
Vertical Ground ◽  
Coastal Changes ◽  
Fish Tank ◽  
The Military

This research aims to evaluate the amount of vertical ground movements during Roman times inside the archaeological area of Portus Julius (Gulf of Pozzuoli) using high-precision surveys on the most reliable archaeological sea-level markers. Measuring the submersion of ancient floors, structural elements belonging to a former fish tank, and several roman pilae, two different relative sea levels (RSLs), related to the beginning and the end of the first century BCE, respectively, −4.7/−5.20 m and −3.10 m MSL (mean sea level), were detected. A photogrammetric survey was carried out in order to produce a 3D model of the fish tank. The results in terms of the RSL variations have enabled us to reconstruct a morpho-evolution of the ancient coastal sector during the last 2.1 kyBP. At the beginning of the first century BCE, the area was characterized by a sheltered gulf with numerous maritime villae located along the coast. In 37 BCE, the construction of the military harbour of Portus Julius strongly modified the paleogeography of the sector, which was also affected by a prevailing subsidence at least until the end of the first century BCE (year 12 BCE), when the port was converted into a commercial hub.

scholarly journals Identification of a New Heavy-Metal-Resistant Strain of Geobacillus stearothermophilus Isolated from a Hydrothermally Active Volcanic Area in Southern Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 2678
Author(s):  
Rosanna Puopolo ◽  
Giovanni Gallo ◽  
Angela Mormone ◽  
Danila Limauro ◽  
Patrizia Contursi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Hot Springs ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
Thermophilic Bacterium ◽  
Campi Flegrei ◽  
Volcanic Area ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Geobacillus Stearothermophilus ◽  
Rrna Sequencing

Microorganisms thriving in hot springs and hydrothermally active volcanic areas are dynamically involved in heavy-metal biogeochemical cycles; they have developed peculiar resistance systems to cope with such metals which nowadays can be considered among the most permanent and toxic pollutants for humans and the environment. For this reason, their exploitation is functional to unravel mechanisms of toxic-metal detoxification and to address bioremediation of heavy-metal pollution with eco-sustainable approaches. In this work, we isolated a novel strain of the thermophilic bacterium Geobacillus stearothermophilus from the solfataric mud pool in Pisciarelli, a well-known hydrothermally active zone of the Campi Flegrei volcano located near Naples in Italy, and characterized it by ribotyping, 16S rRNA sequencing and mass spectrometry analyses. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) toward several heavy-metal ions indicated that the novel G. stearothermophilus isolate is particularly resistant to some of them. Functional and morphological analyses suggest that it is endowed with metal resistance systems for arsenic and cadmium detoxification.

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