scholarly journals Level of carbon dioxide diffuse degassing from the ground of Vesuvio: comparison between extensive surveys and inferences on the gas source

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenico Granieri ◽  
Maria Luisa Carapezza ◽  
Rosario Avino ◽  
Stefano Caliro ◽  
Carlo Cardellini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emission Pattern ◽  
Diffuse Degassing ◽  
Summit Area ◽  
Gas Source ◽  
A Value ◽  
Volcanic Conduit ◽  
The Common ◽  
Soil Flux ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Tectonic Line

<p>An extensive campaign of diffuse CO<span><sub>2</sub></span> soil flux was carried out at the cone of Vesuvio in October 2006 with two main objectives: 1) to provide an estimation of CO<span><sub>2</sub></span> diffusely discharged through the soils in the summit area and 2) to evidence those sectors of the volcano where structural and morphological conditions could favour the gas output. The survey consisted of 502 measurements of soil CO<span><sub>2</sub></span> flux homogenously distributed over an area of about 1.8 km<span><sup>2</sup></span>. Results of this survey were compared with those obtained during a similar campaign carried out by Frondini et al. in 2000, from which we have taken and reinterpreted a subset of data belonging to the common investigated area. Graphical statistical analysis showed three overlapping populations in both surveys, evidencing the contribution of three different sources feeding the soil CO<span><sub>2</sub></span> degassing process. The overall CO<span><sub>2</sub></span> emission pattern of 2006 is coherent with that observed in 2000 and suggests that a value between 120 and 140 t/day of CO<span><sub>2</sub></span> is representative of the total CO<span><sub>2</sub></span> discharged by diffuse degassing from the summit area of Vesuvio. The preferential exhaling area lies in the inner crater, whose contribution resulted in 45.3% of the total CO<span><sub>2</sub></span> emission in 2006 (with 62.8 t/day) and in 57.4% (with 70.3 t/day) in 2000, although its extension is only 13% of the investigated area. This highly emissive area correlated closely with the structural discontinuities of Vesuvio cone, mainly suggesting that the NW-SE trending tectonic line is actually an active fault leaking deep gas to the bottom of the crater. The drainage action of the fault could be enhanced by the “aspiration” effect of the volcanic conduit.</p>

scholarly journals Subtyping Salmonella isolated from pet dogs with multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs)

AMB Express ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Yang ◽  
Wangfeng Shao ◽  
Lingling Wei ◽  
Lingxiao Chen ◽  
Aihua Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Jiangsu Province ◽  
Zoonotic Pathogen ◽  
Recognition Ability ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Common Serotypes ◽  
The Common ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractSalmonella, as a zoonotic pathogen, has attracted widespread attention worldwide, especially in the transmission between household pets and humans. Therefore, we investigated the epidemic distribution of dog Salmonella from pet hospitals and breeding base in Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China, and used multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs) to subtype Salmonella isolates. From April 2018 to November 2019, a total of 469 samples were collected from pet hospitals and breeding base, including 339 dog samples and 60 cat samples. S. Kentucky (40.74%) was the most prevalent serotype, but other, such as S. Typhimurium (18.52%) and S. Indiana (18.52%), were also widespread. Eight different sequence type (ST) patterns were identified by MLST and ST198 was the highest proportion of these isolates. CRISPRs analysis showed that 9 different Kentucky CRISPR types (KCTs) was identified from ST198. 48 spacers including 29 (6 News) for CRISPR1 and 19 (4 News) for CRISPR2 that proved the polymorphic of Salmonella genes in samples from different sources. The analysis demonstrated that the common serotypes were widely present in pet hosts in the same area. This analysis shows that CRISPR genes have better recognition ability in the same serotype, which has a positive effect on the traceability of Salmonella and the prevention and treatment of salmonellosis.

scholarly journals Will mesenchymal stem cells be future directions for treating radiation-induced skin injury?

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuoqun Fang ◽  
Penghong Chen ◽  
Shijie Tang ◽  
Aizhen Chen ◽  
Chaoyu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Skin Injury ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
The Common ◽  
Apoptotic Activity ◽  
Different Sources

AbstractRadiation-induced skin injury (RISI) is one of the common serious side effects of radiotherapy (RT) for patients with malignant tumors. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are applied to RISI repair in some clinical cases series except some traditional options. Though direct replacement of damaged cells may be achieved through differentiation capacity of MSCs, more recent data indicate that various cytokines and chemokines secreted by MSCs are involved in synergetic therapy of RISI by anti-inflammatory, immunomodulation, antioxidant, revascularization, and anti-apoptotic activity. In this paper, we not only discussed different sources of MSCs on the treatment of RISI both in preclinical studies and clinical trials, but also summarized the applications and mechanisms of MSCs in other related regenerative fields.

A study on the vitamin A activity of carotene in green fodder

1946 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Ray Sarkar ◽  
K. C. Sen
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Relative Efficiency ◽  
Chemical Method ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
A Value ◽  
Green Fodder ◽  
Biological Tests ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Β Carotene

1. With the object of determining the vitamin A value of carotene in different green fodders, an investigation has been undertaken to study (i) the relation between the chemically determined carotene and its biological activity as compared with that of standard carotene, (ii) the purity of apparent carotene from different sources, (iii) absorption of carotene in rats, and (iv) the relative efficiency of the standard carotene and preformed vitamin A.2. Biological tests have shown that the chemical method of assay is a fair index of the true carotene content in green fodders, and carotene in the form of an extract is quite as effective in the system as that present in the plant tissues. β-Carotene appears to be predominant in these materials.

Arguments for deliberative participation in local economic development

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoltán Bajmócy ◽  
Judit Gébert
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Arena ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
A Value ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common

According to the common sense, experts, backed up by scientific methods, describe the “possible states of the world” in a value-neutral way. Then, in the political arena, delegates build on these proposals, but also consider values and interests. The present paper attempts to revise such an understanding of local economic development (LED) and argues that many of the deficiencies deriving from such a view can be remedied by deliberative participation, which is not merely a theoretical necessity, but also a practical possibility.With regard to the issue of public participation and deliberation, the paper identifies two main approaches in the LED literature: the “political” and the “apolitical”, of which the latter is mainly characterised by economic theorising. We take a closer look at the “apolitical” approach and demonstrate that in fact it is very much political. Therefore, we call for the transgression of the borderline between politics and expertise in LED, and suggest a joint democratisation of these interrelated terrains. We argue that deliberative participation is able to contribute to the quality of both the expert proposals and the working of the politics.

scholarly journals Immigration, Humanity, and Morality

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunday Adeniyi Fasoro
Keyword(s):  
Political Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Moral Principles ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Common Ownership ◽  
Vulnerable People ◽  
The Common ◽  
The One

AbstractThe trend toward the concept of humanity in political theory has arisen largely as a reaction against the mistreatment of vulnerable people such as immigrants. The issue of immigrants’ vulnerability has led political thinkers to ponder on how to apply the principle of humanity to the question of the treatment of immigrants. I would like to address this matter by examining two questions: what is humanity, is it a value property, or a virtue? Does it really matter if the means by which an immigrant immigrates is demeaning to his own humanity as a person? The most common or intuitive reply to these questions would probably be: ‘humanity’ is simply a value-bestowing property, so regardless of immigrants’ actions they are owed respectful treatment. The aim of this paper is to emphasise instead that ‘humanity’ should be conceived as a virtue of actual commitment to act on moral principles. I explore three different meanings of humanity. First, I discuss ‘humanity’ as the common ownership of the earth. Second, I discuss ‘humanity’ as a value property. Third, I discuss humanity as a virtue of acting, on the one hand, with humanity, and on the other hand, on moral principles.

Introduction to The Infinite

1928 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
David Eugene Smith
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
Algebraic Polynomials ◽  
Elementary Algebra ◽  
What Is Said ◽  
A Value ◽  
Actual Use ◽  
The Common

Our Attitude to the lnfinite.—It is not a matter of much moment that we should or should not teach the various methods of factoring an expression in the form of ax2 + bx + c. Most of the common methods are worthless when we come to the actual use of these factors in the theory of algebraic polynomials, and any application of the work to a “real” problem in algebra is rarely seen. What is said of this detail of elementary algebra may be said of various others; they have a value, bnt in many cases this value is relatively slight; each concerns a single unimportant muscle of the body algebraic, bnt it scarcely touches the soul.

Exploration of Climate Data Using Interactive Visualization*

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 667-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Ladstädter ◽  
Andrea K. Steiner ◽  
Bettina C. Lackner ◽  
Barbara Pirscher ◽  
Gottfried Kirchengast ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radio Occultation ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Statistical Treatment ◽  
Visual Exploration ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Classical Statistics ◽  
The Common ◽  
To Come ◽  
Interactive Browsing ◽  
Different Sources

Abstract In atmospheric and climate research, the increasing amount of data available from climate models and observations provides new challenges for data analysis. The authors present interactive visual exploration as an innovative approach to handle large datasets. Visual exploration does not require any previous knowledge about the data, as is usually the case with classical statistics. It facilitates iterative and interactive browsing of the parameter space to quickly understand the data characteristics, to identify deficiencies, to easily focus on interesting features, and to come up with new hypotheses about the data. These properties extend the common statistical treatment of data, and provide a fundamentally different approach. The authors demonstrate the potential of this technology by exploring atmospheric climate data from different sources including reanalysis datasets, climate models, and radio occultation satellite data. Results are compared to those from classical statistics, revealing the complementary advantages of visual exploration. Combining both the analytical precision of classical statistics and the holistic power of interactive visual exploration, the usual workflow of studying climate data can be enhanced.

scholarly journals Definition and estimation of an actual reproduction number describing past infectious disease transmission: application to HIV epidemics among homosexual men in Denmark, Norway and Sweden

2004 ◽  
Vol 132 (6) ◽  
pp. 1139-1149 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. AMUNDSEN ◽  
H. STIGUM ◽  
J.-A. RØTTINGEN ◽  
O. O. AALEN
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Reproduction Number ◽  
Infectious Period ◽  
Secondary Case ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Homosexual Men ◽  
Infectious Disease Transmission ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Common

Prevalence and incidence measures are the common way to describe epidemics. The reproduction number supplies information on the potential for growth or decline of an epidemic. We define an actual reproduction number for infectious disease transmission that has taken place. An estimator is suggested, based on the number of new infections observed in a given time-interval, the number of those infected at the start of the interval, and the length of the infectious period. That estimator is applied to HIV among men having sex with other men over the period, 1977–1995, in Scandinavia. The actual reproduction number was estimated with acceptable certainty from the period, 1981–1982, yielding a value of 15 secondary cases. A value of less than one secondary case was assessed for the period, 1988–1995, in Denmark and Sweden. The actual reproduction number gives us some additional understanding of the dynamics of epidemics, compared with prevalence and incidence curves.

Performance and Emission Experimental Evaluation and Comparison of a Regenerative Gas Microturbine Using Biodiesel From Various Sources as Fuel

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco A. R. Nascimento ◽  
Guido A. Sierra R. ◽  
Electo E. Silva Lora ◽  
Manuel A. Rendon
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Heat Rate ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Steady State Condition ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
A Value ◽  
Slight Rise ◽  
Minimum Heat ◽  
Different Sources

This study aims at carrying out an emission/performance experimental analysis to evaluate and compare the use of pure Biodiesel obtained from different sources: castor, soybean, and palm oil, in a 30 kW regenerative Diesel one shaft gas microturbine engine installed in the laboratories of the Federal University of Itajubá—UNIFEI, Brazil, at steady state condition and at different level loads. A comparison study with the obtained results for Biodiesel and Diesel was carried out for all cases. There were no significant changes in the performance of the microturbine that reached thermal efficiency levels of about 26%. The minimum heat rate obtained at full load was for the Biodiesel fuel from palm oil and the maximum was for castor oil, with a value 8.38% higher than the Diesel fuel. In addition, a slight rise in CO and a reduction in the NOx concentrations were observed.

scholarly journals Large-Scale Bibliometric Analysis of Coronavirus

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 531-541
Author(s):  
Ali Mustafa Qamar ◽  
Rehan Ullah Khan ◽  
Suliman A. Alsuhibany
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
World Health ◽  
Mild Disease ◽  
Average Citation ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Common ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Different Sources

Coronavirus constitutes a family of RNA viruses causing respiratory tract infections in both humans and birds. A mild disease appears like the common cold, and in other cases, causes Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), or COVID-19. As compared to COVID-19, SARS and MERS were limited to certain countries. On the other hand, COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on Mar. 11, 2020. In this research, we perform the bibliometric assessment of Coronavirus research using the Scopus database. We studied 27,824 articles written by 64,903 researchers from 1951 till June 20, 2020, published in 3,858 different sources. More than 65% of research appeared in the form of articles. More than 34% of publications appeared in 2020, coinciding with the appearance of COVID-19. This also resulted in a sharp increase in the average citation from 2.2 observed in 2019 to 14.5 seen in the year 2020. The USA is the most-cited country, followed by China. Nevertheless, Russia appears as the most-cited country per year.

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