scholarly journals The Working Group III on data exchange

1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Dost
Keyword(s):  
Data Center ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Data Centers ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
On Line ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Access And Quality ◽  
The University ◽  
Meteorological Institute

n 1993 the ORFEUS Data Center (ODC; Dost, 1991) changed hosting organisation. It moved within the Netherlands from the University of Utrecht to the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNM1) in de Bilt. This change in hosting organisation was necessary to ensure a longer term stability in the operation of the ODC. Key issues for the ODC are the rapid on-line data access and quality controlled, complete and efficient off-line data access. During 1992 the ODC became the European node in the international SPYDER system which provides near real-time access to digital broadband data from selected high quality stations. Electronic messages trigger soveral centers well distributed over the globe. These centers then collect the data by modem from selected stations in their region. Finally, data are distributed between data centers over internet.

scholarly journals The ORFEUS Data Center

1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Dost
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Data Center ◽  
Data Centers ◽  
Data Access ◽  
High Quality ◽  
On Line ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Access And Quality ◽  
The University ◽  
Meteorological Institute

1993 the ORFEUS Data Center (ODC; Dost, 1991) changed hosting organisation. It moved within the Netherlands from the University of Utrecht to the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNM1) in de Bilt. This change in hosting organisation was necessary to ensure a longer term stability in the operation of the ODC. Key issues for the ODC are the rapid on-line data access and quality controlled, complete and efficient off-line data access. During 1992 the ODC became the European node in the international SPYDER system which provides near real-time access to digital broadband data from selected high quality stations. Electronic messages trigger soveral centers well distributed over the globe. These centers then collect the data by modem from selected stations in their region. Finally, data are distributed between data centers over internet.

scholarly journals Increasing Security for Cloud Computing By Steganography in Image Edges

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Hadi Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Data Security ◽  
Data Center ◽  
Data Centers ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Good Method ◽  
Color Images ◽  
Image Edges ◽  
Fundamental Objective

The security of data storage in “cloud” is big challenge because the data keep within resources that may be accessed by particular machines. The managing of these data and services may not be high reliable. Therefore, the security of data is highly challenging. To increase the security of data in data center of cloud, we have introduced good method to ensure data security in “cloud computing” by methods of data hiding using color images which is called steganography. The fundamental objective of this paper is to prevent "Data Access” by unauthorized or opponent users. This scheme stores data at data centers within edges of color images and retrieves data from it when it is wanted.

The EIDA federator – a one-stop access to EIDA seismic data holdings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Kaestli ◽  
Daniel Armbruster ◽  
The EIDA Technical Committee
Keyword(s):  
Data Center ◽  
Data Centers ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Distributed Data ◽  
Data Archive ◽  
Waveform Data ◽  
Seismic Waveform ◽  
One Stop ◽  
Single Data ◽  
Seismic Networks

<p>With the setup of EIDA (the European Integrated Data Archive https://www.orfeus-eu.org/data/eida/) in the framework of ORFEUS, and the implementation of FDSN-standardized web services, seismic waveform data and instrumentation metadata of most seismic networks and data centers in Europe became accessible in a homogeneous way. EIDA has augmented this with the WFcatalog service for waveform quality metadata, and a routing service to find out which data center offers data of which network, region, and type. However, while a distributed data archive has clear advantages for maintenance and quality control of the holdings, it complicates the life of researchers who wish to collect data archived across different data centers. To tackle this, EIDA has implemented the “federator” as a one-stop transparent gateway service to access the entire data holdings of EIDA.</p><p>To its users the federator acts just like a standard FDSN dataselect, station, or EIDA WFcatalog service, except for the fact that it can (due to a fully qualified internal routing cache) directly answer data requests on virtual networks.</p><p>Technically, the federator fulfills a user request by decomposing it into single stream epoch requests targeted at a single data center, collecting them, and re-assemble them to a single result.</p><p>This implementation has several technical advantages:</p><ul><li>It avoids response size limitations of EIDA member services, reducing limitations to those imposed by assembling cache space of the federator instance itself.</li> <li>It allows easy merging of partial responses using request sorting and concatenation, and reducing needs to interpret them. This reduces computational needs of the federator and allows high throughput of parallel user requests.</li> <li>It reduces the variability of requests to end member services. Thus, the federator can implement a reverse loopback cache and protect end node services from delivering redundant information and reducing their load.</li> <li>As partial results are quick, and delivered in small subunits, they can be streamed to the user more or less continuously, avoiding both service timeouts and throughput bottlenecks.</li> </ul><p>The advantage of having a one-stop data access for entire EIDA still comes with some limitations and shortcomings. Having requests which ultimately map to a single data center performed by the federator can be slower by that data center directly. FDSN-defined standard error codes sent by end member services have limited utility as they refer to a part of the request only. Finally, the federator currently does not provide access to restricted data.</p><p>Nevertheless, we believe that the one-stop data access compensates these shortcomings in many use cases.</p><p>Further documentation of the service is available with ORFEUS at http://www.orfeus-eu.org/data/eida/nodes/FEDERATOR/</p>

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS’ INDIVIDUALITY DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: THE IMPACT OF DISTANT AND ONLINE EDUCATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 179-187
Author(s):  
Svetlana Nesyna
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Online Education ◽  
Immanuel Kant ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Future Health ◽  
On Line ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

This article focuses on the problem of students' individuality developing as an important part of human individuality in the process of distance and online education during Covid-19 Pandemic. The theoretical basis is O. Grebenyuk’s individuality concept. In it, the individuality is defined as the unity of seven spheres, including intellectual, motivational, emotional, volitional, practical and subject-oriented, self-regulative and existential ones which are characterized the originality and uniqueness of a person. Positive students' individuality developing affects success of higher education and professional activity in medicine. This study adresses three key issues. First, it looks at the problem of students' individuality developing in the process of distance and online education during Covid-19 Pandemic. Second, it turns to examine dynamics of students' individuality spheres and components during one semester of professional training at the university. Finally, the paper considers gender differences in dynamics of students' individuality. The data for this study were collected using the questionnaire “The Technique of Student’s Individuality” by T. Grebenyuk. Eighty-five students were recruited for this research. The participants study at Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, they are future health professionals. The results suggest that in the process of distance and on-line education during Covid-19 Pandemic, positive dynamics in the development of all individuality spheres of medical students is revealed, especially in the motivational and intellectual spheres. The dynamics of all individuality spheres have differences in the male group of medical students except the existential sphere. But this problem needs deeper research.  

scholarly journals Hydrogen-Based Energy Storage Systems for Large-Scale Data Center Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12654
Author(s):  
Asha-Dee N. Celestine ◽  
Martin Sulic ◽  
Marika Wieliczko ◽  
Ned T. Stetson
Keyword(s):  
Data Center ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Data Centers ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Large Scale Data ◽  
Current State ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
Primary Power ◽  
Hydrogen Technologies

Global demand for data and data access has spurred the rapid growth of the data center industry. To meet demands, data centers must provide uninterrupted service even during the loss of primary power. Service providers seeking ways to eliminate their carbon footprint are increasingly looking to clean and sustainable energy solutions, such as hydrogen technologies, as alternatives to traditional backup generators. In this viewpoint, a survey of the current state of data centers and hydrogen-based technologies is provided along with a discussion of the hydrogen storage and infrastructure requirements needed for large-scale backup power applications at data centers.

scholarly journals Integrated Components and Solutions for High-Speed Short-Reach Data Transmission

Photonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Lin Jiang ◽  
Lianshan Yan ◽  
Anlin Yi ◽  
Yan Pan ◽  
Bo Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Transmission ◽  
Data Center ◽  
Optical Interconnects ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Data Centers ◽  
Optical Interconnect ◽  
Integration Scheme ◽  
Transmission Systems ◽  
Detection Scheme

According to different transmission distances, application scenarios of a data center mainly include intra- and inter-data center optical interconnects. The intra-data center optical interconnect is considered as a few kilometers optical interconnect between servers and racks inside a data center, which accounts for nearly 80% of data traffic of a data center. The other one, inter-data center optical interconnect, is mainly applied in tens of kilometers data transmission among different data centers. Since data exchange in data centers generally occurs between many servers and racks, and a lot of transmitter and receiver components are required, optical interconnects become highly sensitive to component costs. In this paper, we firstly review the development and applications of mainstream transmitter components (e.g., VCSEL, DML, EML, MZM, and monolithic integrated transmitter) and receiver components (e.g., single-end photodetector, Kramers-Kronig receiver, Stokes vector receiver, and monolithic integrated receiver), which have been widely applied in short-reach transmission systems. Then, two types of integrated solutions including simplified detection scheme and transceiver integration scheme are presented in detail. Finally, we summarize and discuss the technological and component options for different transmission distances. We believe that monolithic integrated components, especially transceiver integration, will become a powerful solution for next-generation high-speed short-reach transmission systems.

A Local Area Network for Medical Research; Planning, Realization and Experience

1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (01) ◽  
pp. 53-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Schosser ◽  
C. Weiss ◽  
K. Messmer
Keyword(s):  
Medical Research ◽  
Word Processing ◽  
Local Area Network ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Test Installation ◽  
Cost Performance ◽  
The Public ◽  
On Line ◽  
The University

This report focusses on the planning and realization of an interdisciplinary local area network (LAN) for medical research at the University of Heidelberg. After a detailed requirements analysis, several networks were evaluated by means of a test installation, and a cost-performance analysis was carried out. At present, the LAN connects 45 (IBM-compatible) PCs, several heterogeneous mainframes (IBM, DEC and Siemens) and provides access to the public X.25 network and to wide-area networks for research (EARN, BITNET). The network supports application software that is frequently needed in medical research (word processing, statistics, graphics, literature databases and services, etc.). Compliance with existing “official” (e.g., IEEE 802.3) and “de facto” standards (e.g., PostScript) was considered to be extremely important for the selection of both hardware and software. Customized programs were developed to improve access control, user interface and on-line help. Wide acceptance of the LAN was achieved through extensive education and maintenance facilities, e.g., teaching courses, customized manuals and a hotline service. Since requirements of clinical routine differ substantially from medical research needs, two separate networks (with a gateway in between) are proposed as a solution to optimally satisfy the users’ demands.

Building research capacity and capabilities in Fiji: are we there yet?

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 265-271
Author(s):  
Jyotishna Mudaliar ◽  
Bridget Kool ◽  
Janice Natasha ◽  
Judith McCool
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Research Capacity ◽  
Research Knowledge ◽  
Research Skills ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Access And Quality ◽  
The University ◽  
Local Investigator ◽  
Research Capacity Development

Introduction: A barrier to local investigator-led research in low income settings, is the limited availability of personnel with appropriate research skills or qualifications to conduct the type of research required for evidence-informed policy making to improve access and quality of health care. In response to this, Fiji National University’s College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences in Fiji, collaborated with academics based at the University of Auckland, New Zealand to deliver a series of research capacity development workshops in Fiji. Methods: Participants who attended any of the nine workshops (n=123) were contacted via email to take part in a brief survey regarding their perceptions of the effectiveness of the research capacity building workshops. Of the possible 123 participants, 80% (n=76) completed the questionnaire.  Results: Findings demonstrate that the majority of participants reported that they had gained research skills from the workshops (75%) including proposal development skills (68%) and knowledge of appropriate research methods (59%). Furthermore, 70% agreed that the workshops built their research confidence.  Since attending a workshop, 18% of respondents had successfully applied and received funding for research grants and/or fellowships.  Barriers to conduct research included workload (75%), lack of research knowledge, experience or skills (51%), and lack of institutional support (41%). Suggestions for future workshops included: more focus on data analysis, regular courses rather than ‘one offs’, and preparation of research findings (e.g. publications). Conclusion: Our findings indicate that research workshops of this nature may increase individual research capabilities but sustained, locally led initiatives, backed by institutional and supplementary technical support are essential.

Data Center Equipment Reliability Concerns—Contamination Issues, Standards Actions, and Case Studies

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Muller ◽  
Chuck Arent ◽  
Henry Yu
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Data Center ◽  
Data Centers ◽  
Electronic Equipment ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Lead Free ◽  
Reliable Operation ◽  
Contamination Assessment ◽  
Equipment Reliability ◽  
Equipment Failures

Abstract Lead-free manufacturing regulations, reduction in circuit board feature sizes and the miniaturization of components to improve hardware performance have combined to make data center IT equipment more prone to attack by corrosive contaminants. Manufacturers are under pressure to control contamination in the data center environment and maintaining acceptable limits is now critical to the continued reliable operation of datacom and IT equipment. This paper will discuss ongoing reliability issues with electronic equipment in data centers and will present updates on ongoing contamination concerns, standards activities, and case studies from several different locations illustrating the successful application of contamination assessment, control, and monitoring programs to eliminate electronic equipment failures.

On-Line Gaming, Financial Reporting, and Audit: Chester Games Corp.

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-437
Author(s):  
Joan Davison Conrod ◽  
Judy Cumby
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Durable Goods ◽  
Intangible Asset ◽  
Recognition Judgment ◽  
Revenue Recognition ◽  
Gaming Industry ◽  
Asset Impairment ◽  
On Line ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Public Offering

ABSTRACT This case examines selected financial reporting and audit issues in the context of the on-line gaming industry. Key issues are revenue recognition and asset impairment under IFRS. Revenue trends are critical for the company as it considers a public offering. The estimates inherent in recognizing revenue for virtual goods, both consumable goods and durable goods, make revenue recognition and audit of revenue especially judgmental. IAS 18 or IFRS 15 may be used as a framework to discuss revenue recognition. Judgment is also required to support impairment testing of an intangible asset and goodwill.

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