scholarly journals Time variation in the size of the multiplier: a Kalecki–Harrod approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Setterfield
Keyword(s):  
Time Variation ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
Dynamic Theory ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Over Time

A growing empirical literature demonstrates that the size of the expenditure multiplier varies over time, being both larger and consistently greater than one during periods of slow growth and/or recession. This paper contributes to the theory of the time-varying multiplier. It is shown that a combination of Kalecki's dynamic theory of investment and Harrod's ‘satisficing’ approach to the investment decision furnish a theory in which the ‘crowding in’ of investment expenditures following an initial demand stimulus gives rise to an elevated expenditure multiplier during times of pronounced macroeconomic distress.

scholarly journals Day-of-the-week effect in Nigerian stock exchange: adaptive market hypothesis approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-108
Author(s):  
Anthony Olugbenga Adaramola ◽  
Kehinde Oladeji Adekanmbi
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Time Variation ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Market Condition ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Full Sample ◽  
Day Of The Week ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity ◽  
Over Time

The problems that this study informed are rooted in the uncertainty surrounding the presence of calendar anomalies in the Nigerian stock market and the need to ascertain whether calendar anomaly is changing with time and market condition according to the adaptive market hypothesis. This study evaluates how calendar anomaly behaves over time in the Nigerian stock market through the day-of-the-week effect since the latest trend is to examine time-changing anomaly. The general All Share Index returns of the Nigerian Stock Exchange between 2000 and 2017 are used in the analysis. Secondary daily index returns data for the period are sourced from the NSE Fact Book. The major estimation techniques employed in the study are the mean equations of the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) and overlapping sub-period methodology. Moreover, returns are grouped into Up and Down periods depending on the periods that generate positive and negative returns, respectively. This study found out that Monday (MON), Tuesday (TUE), and Friday (FRI) effects are the only adaptive day-of-the-week effects. Thus, three (MON, TUE, FRI) day of the week effects found in the full sample are time-varying in subsample and are affected by market condition. On the whole, MON and Thursday (THUR) effects are found in Bull, while TUE and FRI are found in Bear. The investor must be careful to take time-variation into consideration; otherwise, they may incur a loss by thinking that the day-of-the-week effect is present every time.

Robustness Over Time-Varying Channels in DNN-HMM ASR Based Human-Robot Interaction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Novoa ◽  
Jorge Wuth ◽  
Juan Pablo Escudero ◽  
Josué Fredes ◽  
Rodrigo Mahu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Time Varying Channels ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals Epidemic Processes Over Time-Varying Networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1322-1334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip E. Pare ◽  
Carolyn L. Beck ◽  
Angelia Nedic
Keyword(s):  
Time Varying ◽  
Time Varying Networks ◽  
Over Time

Over time variation in microsatellite (ssr) patterns in a natural wild potato population from northwest Argentina

Crop Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leofanti Gabriela Agustina ◽  
Camadro Elsa Lucila ◽  
Erazzú Luis Ernesto
Keyword(s):  
Time Variation ◽  
Wild Potato ◽  
Northwest Argentina ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals Effects of Time-Varying Parent Input on Children’s Language Outcomes Differ for Vocabulary and Syntax

2021 ◽  
pp. 095679762097055
Author(s):  
Catriona Silvey ◽  
Özlem Ece Demir-Lira ◽  
Susan Goldin-Meadow ◽  
Stephen W. Raudenbush
Keyword(s):  
Standardized Tests ◽  
Child Outcomes ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Syntactic Complexity ◽  
Language Outcomes ◽  
Optimal Sequence ◽  
Linguistic Input ◽  
Language Input ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Early linguistic input is a powerful predictor of children’s language outcomes. We investigated two novel questions about this relationship: Does the impact of language input vary over time, and does the impact of time-varying language input on child outcomes differ for vocabulary and for syntax? Using methods from epidemiology to account for baseline and time-varying confounding, we predicted 64 children’s outcomes on standardized tests of vocabulary and syntax in kindergarten from their parents’ vocabulary and syntax input when the children were 14 and 30 months old. For vocabulary, children whose parents provided diverse input earlier as well as later in development were predicted to have the highest outcomes. For syntax, children whose parents’ input substantially increased in syntactic complexity over time were predicted to have the highest outcomes. The optimal sequence of parents’ linguistic input for supporting children’s language acquisition thus varies for vocabulary and for syntax.

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