scholarly journals Editorial Introduction - Labor Markets, Institutions, and the Political Economy of Power: Towards a Reconceptualization of the Policy Framework

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
Jamee K. Moudud ◽  
Ipek Ilkkaracan
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Labor Markets ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Editorial Introduction ◽  
The Political

A NATION OF BUREAUCRATS: POLITICAL PARTICIPATION AND ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION IN KUWAIT AND THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Herb
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Labor Markets ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
Economic Diversification ◽  
Political Liberalization ◽  
Rentier States ◽  
High Level

Not long ago, two safe generalizations could be made about the Gulf monarchies: ruling families dominated their politics, and oil dominated their economies. In recent years that has begun to change. In Kuwait the parliament challenges the political predominance of the ruling family. Meanwhile, Dubai and, increasingly, the other emirates of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) have made real progress in diversifying their economies away from oil—at least until the recent economic crisis. Yet political liberalization and economic diversification have not gone hand in hand: Kuwait's economy remains dependent on oil, and the United Arab Emirates remains resolutely authoritarian. This is no accident. Kuwait's high level of political participation encourages its dependence on oil while the UAE's economic diversification requires a lack of political participation by citizens. The reasons for this are specific to the peculiar political economy of these labor markets: in these richest of rentier-states, there is little need for the class compromise between capitalists and workers on which capitalist democracy usually rests.

scholarly journals From ‘no cultural policy’ to ‘centralised market orientation’: The political economy of Hong Kong cultural policy (1997–2015)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Ho
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Market Orientation ◽  
Cultural Policy ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
The Political ◽  
Chief Executives ◽  
Cultural Policies

This study examines changes in the cultural policy in Hong Kong amid the transformations of political economy in the 1990s, following the handover in 1997, and under the administration of three Chief Executives (and their teams) up to 2015. When reviewing the literature on cultural policies in Hong Kong, this study examines the interaction the policies have with the political-economic development in Hong Kong (within the scope of this study) and subsequently explores changes in the principles of the policies. In other words, this study attempts to understand the conditions under which cultural policies were formulated in Hong Kong (the conditions of the production of local culture). The analytical framework of this study is based on two observations of the political and social changes occurring in Hong Kong (1997–2015): (1) changes in the government’s governance attitude since the handover in 1997, and (2) a series of economic blows Hong Kong has endured since 1998. Differing from the ‘descriptive literature’ defined by Schuster, this study understands that these changes are a result of the influence of a postcolonial state and neo-liberalism on public policy formulation. It is argued that the Hong Kong cultural policy framework has shifted from checks-and-balances towards centralised market orientation.

scholarly journals The Political Economy of SOE Privatization and Governance Reform in the MENA Region

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Akoum
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
The Political ◽  
Governance Reform ◽  
Mena Region ◽  
The Public ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
Property Rights Protection ◽  
Governance Systems ◽  
Enterprise Governance

The purpose of this paper is to shed light on the political economy aspects of state-owned-enterprises (SOEs) governance and privatization in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. In particular, the paper presents an overview of privatization in the region and examines the extent to which SOEs operate at arm's length from the public sector and the motives for this behavior. Showing empirically the region’s relative reticence on privatizing public assets, the paper highlights the political economy aspects contributing to this impasse, offers Lebanon as a case study, and suggests a policy framework for successful reform of SOEs. Highlighting the lack of sustainable drives for SOEs reform and privatization in the region and the need for better governance systems based on the rule of law, property rights protection, and combating corruption, the paper proposes policy options to deal with privatization and improve the governance of SOEs through advocating a state-owned enterprise governance framework. This framework suggests subjecting SOEs to regulation and supervision of more than one government entity as opposed to only one ministry of custody. This should help to ensure a level-playing field in the industry and reduce the pressure on SOEs to heed to political pressures.

scholarly journals The impact of product and labour market deregulation

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-37
Author(s):  
Armend Muja
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Labor Markets ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
The United States ◽  
Incremental Innovation ◽  
High Tech ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Impact

Economists have often talked about the European Paradox:” - Europe having the necessary knowledge and research but failing to utilize these advantages and bring them to the markets. The perception, largely attributable to the media reporting, is that Europe lags behind the United States in innovation. While it is true that most of the e-commerce innovations were developed in the United States, Europe’s economies did well over the 1990s despite the lack of major breakthroughs in high-tech sphere. Thus, it is hard to say that Europe is facing an innovation crisis, and I will argue that Europe has other advantages that make it competitive globally. While Europe might not have as much success in innovation as the United States, it nevertheless, has been successful in more developed and mature segments of the markets. Moreover, I will argue that country’s specialization depends on the setup of the institutions in the political economy. The countries utilize their comparative institutional advantage (CIA) to maintain competitive globally. Finally, I will argue against the idea of drastic deregulation of the product and labor markets in Europe. Doing so would be like shooting yourself in the foot since individual European countries would lose their comparative institutional advantage that allows them to stay competitive globally in the market for incremental innovation products.

Brokering Servitude

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Urban
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Labor Markets ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Domestic Labor ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Social ◽  
Unfree Labor ◽  
Border Controls ◽  
Static Space

Brokering Servitude examines how labor markets for domestic service were identified, shaped, and governed by philanthropists, missionaries, commercial offices, and the state. Because household service was undesirable work and stigmatized as menial and unfree, brokers were integral to steering and compelling women, men, and children into this labor. By the end of the nineteenth century, the federal government—as the sovereign power responsible for overseeing immigration—had become a major broker of domestic labor through border controls. By determining eligibility for entry, federal immigration officials dictated the availability of workers for domestic labor and under what conditions they could be contracted. Brokering Servitude is the first book to connect the political economy of domestic labor in the United States to the nation’s historic legacy as an imperial power engaged in continental expansion, the opening of overseas labor markets in Europe and Asia, and the dismantling of the unfree labor regime that slavery represented. The question of how to best broker the social relations of production necessary to support middle-class domesticity generated contentious debates about race, citizenship, and economic development. This book asserts that the political economy of reproductive labor, usually confined to the static space of the home, cannot be properly understood without attention to labor migrations, and especially migrations of workers who were assisted, compelled, or contracted. Their interventions responded to household employers who were eager to not only compare the merits of different labor sources, but also pit these sources against each other.

The Political Economy of Public Policy – Editorial introduction

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Arye L. Hillman ◽  
Daniel Schiffman ◽  
Idit Sohlberg ◽  
Thomas Stratmann
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Editorial Introduction ◽  
The Political

Segmented market economies in the Arab world: the political economy of insider–outsider divisions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Hertog
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Labor Markets ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
The Political ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Segmented Market

Abstract This article argues that the low dynamism of low- to mid-income Arab economies is explained with a set of interconnected factors that constitute a particular variety of capitalism which we call ‘segmented market economy’. These include an over-committed and interventionist state; deep insider–outsider divides in private sectors and labor markets that result from and reinforce lopsided state intervention; and an equilibrium of low skills and low productivity that results from and reinforces insider–outsider divides. These mutually reinforcing features undermine encompassing cooperation between state, business and labor. While some of these features are generic to developing countries, others are regionally specific, including the relative importance and historical ambition of the state in the economy and, closely related, the relative size and rigidity of the insider coalitions created through government intervention. Insiders and outsiders exist everywhere, but the divisions are particularly stark, immovable and consequential in the Arab world.

Transition to digital television in Nigeria: Challenges and promises

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Femi Abikanlu
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
The Political ◽  
Digital Television ◽  
Individual Experience ◽  
Communication Policy ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Depth Interviews

The article examines the implementation and the challenges of the ongoing digital switchover (DSO) process in Nigeria. The critique of the neo-liberal orthodoxy presents the interplay of interests between political and corporate actors existing within the political economy of the Nigerian digital television environment. It also presents the effect of the existing complexities with the policy framework and approach to the implementation of the DSO process in Nigeria. The two qualitative research methods adopted in this study, communication policy analysis and in-depth interviews, examine the direction of policies and the individual experience of selected participants involved in the DSO process in Nigeria. Drawing on the analysis, inclusive of other factors, the study argues that the implementation of the DSO process in Nigeria has been delayed due to financial limitation, the exclusive approach to implementation and policy-burdened intervention of the Nigerian Broadcasting Commission (NBC).

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