The Military Law and the Law of War Review

10.4337/mllwr ◽  
2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Law Of War ◽  
The Law ◽  
Military Law ◽  
The Military

Military Necessity and the Cultures of Military Law

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID LUBAN
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Law Of War ◽  
Military Necessity ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Military Law ◽  
Interpretive Communities ◽  
The Military

AbstractMilitary and humanitarian lawyers approach the laws of war in different ways. For military lawyers, the starting point is military necessity, and the reigning assumption is that legal regulation of war must accommodate military necessity. For humanitarian lawyers, the starting point is human dignity and human rights. The result is two interpretive communities that systematically disagree not only over the meaning of particular law-of-war norms, but also over the sources and methods of law that could be used to resolve the disagreements. That raises the question whether military lawyers’ advice should acknowledge any validity to the contrary views of the ‘humanitarian’ community. The article offers a systematic analysis of the concept of military necessity, showing that civilian interests must figure in assessing military necessity itself. Even on its own terms, the military version of the law of war should seek to accommodate the civilian perspectives featured in the humanitarian version.

Jurisdiction of Military Commissions and the Ambiguous War on Terrorism

2002 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Fitzpatrick
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
International Terrorism ◽  
War On Terrorism ◽  
Law Of War ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Law ◽  
Military Commissions ◽  
The Military ◽  
Civil Courts

The Military Order issued on November 13,2001,1 by President George W. Bush does not offer a clear rationale for subjecting international terrorists, and persons suspected of links to them, to trial by military commissions. Military commissions can be designed for several purposes: (1) to prosecute violations of the law of war, as an alternative to courts-martial; (2) to fill a legal vacuum where armed conflict disables the civil courts; and (3) to impose swift and certain punishment against civilians suspected of specific crimes. While the first two purposes are legitimate and reflected in past United States practice, the third is questionable and a sharp departure from democratic traditions. The ambiguous nature of the “war” against international terrorism and the sweeping text of the November 13 Military Order obscure which objective(s) the order is intended to accomplish.

The Law of War and Military Necessity

1953 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Gerald Downey
Keyword(s):  
Brute Force ◽  
Law Of War ◽  
Military Necessity ◽  
Army Officers ◽  
Legal Restriction ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Military

To many international lawyers and army officers the terms “law of war” and “military necessity” are mutually incompatible. Many army officers consider the law of war as no more than a collection of pious platitudes, valueless, so they think, because it has no force and effect. Some international lawyers regard military necessity as the bête noire of international jurisprudence, destroying all legal restriction and allowinguncontrolled brute force to rage rampant over the battlefield or wherever the military have control.

scholarly journals KEWENANGAN ANKUM TERHADAP WARGA NEGARA YANG DIMOBILISASI DALAM HUKUM DISIPLIN MILITER

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 559
Author(s):  
Allan Hermit Prasetyo
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
The Other ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
The Law ◽  
Law And Justice ◽  
Military Law ◽  
The Military ◽  
Military Discipline

The guidance and development of military law are needed and intended to guarantee the respect for human rights, rule of law and justice in the military environment, which among others are manifested through a system of law and order in the law number 25 of 2014 on the law of military discipline. Under the provisions of article 6 paragraph (1) of law number 25 0f 2014, then the law of military discipline should be imposed on any person  who under the law equated with the military, including the citizens who are mobilized for their expertise in time of war. The enforcement is considered to be too early, given the sentencing of military discipline for offenders who have violated the law of military discipline must be performed by the Authorized adjudge (Ankum), but on the other hand, the law of number 25 of 2014 on the law military discipline does not provide any explicit and complete arrangements or provisions about the Ankum’s authority in enforcing discipline  against citizen who are mobilized in time of war. Through the method of the normative legal research with an approach to the concept and approach to legislation, it can be concluded that assesment  of vagueness  of these arrangements is quite essential, considering that the vaqueness of these arrangements may result in legal uncertainty, therefore, it is needed more complete arrangement in order to implement the provisions of the law of military discipline against citizens who mobilized in time of war. Keywords : Authority, The Authorized adjudge, Citizens who are mobilized. Pembinaan dan pengembangan hukum militer diperlukan dan ditujukan untuk menjamin terciptanya penghormatan terhadap hak asasi manusia, kepastian hukum dan keadilan di lingkungan militer, yang diantaranya diwujudkan melalui suatu sistem dan tatanan hukum dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 25 Tahun 2014 tentang Hukum Disiplin Militer. Berdasarkan ketentuan Pasal 6 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 25 Tahun 2014, maka Hukum Disiplin Militer juga diberlakukan kepada setiap orang yang berdasarkan undang-undang dipersamakan dengan militer, diantaranya adalah warga negara yang dimobilisasi karena keahliannya pada waktu perang. Pemberlakuan ini dianggap terlampau dini, mengingat penjatuhan hukuman disiplin militer bagi pelaku yang melakukan pelanggaran hukum disiplin militer harus dilakukan oleh seorang Atasan Yang Berhak Menghukum (Ankum), namun di sisi lain, Undang-Undang Nomor 25 Tahun 2014 tentang Hukum Disiplin Militer tidak memberikan pengaturan secara tegas dan lengkap tentang kewenangan Ankum dalam menegakkan hukum disiplin terhadap warga negara yang dimobilisasi pada waktu perang. Melalui penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan konsep hukum dan pendekatan perundangan-undangan, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembahasan tentang kekaburan pengaturan ini merupakan hal yang cukup penting, mengingat kekaburan tersebut dapat menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum, dan oleh karenanya diperlukan pengaturan lanjutan yang lebih lengkap dalam upaya menerapkan ketentuan hukum disiplin militer terhadap warga negara yang dimobilisasi pada waktu perang.

The Rulings of the Israeli Military Courts and International Law

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-169
Author(s):  
Nery Ramati
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Court System ◽  
Law System ◽  
Court Of Appeals ◽  
Military Commander ◽  
Occupied Territories ◽  
The Law ◽  
Military Law ◽  
The Military

Abstract International humanitarian law (IHL) provides the occupying power extensive legal tools in order to allow it to control and govern the local occupied population, with the possibility of establishing a military law system being one of the most influential. The military law system gives the Military Commander of the occupied area an immense power as a potential legislator and judicial authority, but what happens when this legal system encounters the limitations placed by IHL in general and Occupation Law in particular? To examine this question, this article will present the case of the Israeli Military Court system in the Palestinian Occupied Territories and its use, abuse and misuse of international law norms. Based on the 5565 published rulings of the Military Court of Appeals, this research identifies all of the cases that refer to international law. This article suggests that the evolving approaches of the courts to international law are, in fact, a tool to justify and advance Israeli interests over the rights of the Palestinian defendants. Moreover, the article presents the potential impact these rulings have on the law in Palestine, the law in Israel and customary international law.

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