The Role of Biology and Ecological Engineering in Watershed and River Restoration

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy C. Granata ◽  
Ulrike Zika
Keyword(s):  
River Restoration ◽  
Ecological Engineering

scholarly journals Fluvial Geomorphology and River Management

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1608
Author(s):  
Salvatore Ivo Giano
Keyword(s):  
Human Activities ◽  
River Restoration ◽  
Fluvial Geomorphology ◽  
Landscape Evolution ◽  
River Management ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Fluvial Systems ◽  
The Impact

This Special Issue deals with the role of fluvial geomorphology in landscape evolution and the impact of human activities on fluvial systems, which require river restoration and management [...]

Facing the future: the importance of substratum features for ecological engineering of artificial habitats in the rocky intertidal

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise B. Firth ◽  
Freya J. White ◽  
Meredith Schofield ◽  
Mick E. Hanley ◽  
Michael T. Burrows ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Trend ◽  
Ecological Engineering ◽  
Grazing Pressure ◽  
Rocky Intertidal ◽  
Taxon Richness ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Artificial Habitats ◽  
Warming Climate ◽  
North And South

Coastal defences are proliferating in response to climate change, leading to the creation of more vertical substrata. Efforts are being made to mitigate their impacts and create novel habitats to promote biodiversity. Little is known about the effect of aspect (i.e. north–south directionality) and inclination on intertidal biodiversity in artificial habitats. Artificial and natural habitats were compared to assess the role of aspect and substratum inclination in determining patterns of biodiversity at two tidal heights (high and mid). We also compared grazing activity between north- and south-facing surfaces in natural habitats to examine the potential for differential grazing pressure to affect community structure and functioning. Results were variable but some clear patterns emerged. Inclination had no effect on biodiversity or abundance. There was a general trend towards greater taxon richness and abundance on north-facing than south-facing substrata in natural and artificial habitats. On natural shores, the abundance and grazing activity of ‘southern’ limpets (i.e. Patella depressa) was greater on south-facing than north-facing substrata, with possible implications for further range-expansion. These results highlight the importance of incorporating shaded habitats in the construction of artificial habitats. These habitats may represent an important refuge from grazing pressure and thermal and desiccation stress in a warming climate.

scholarly journals The role of benthic microhabitats in determining the effects of hydromorphological river restoration on macroinvertebrates

Hydrobiologia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 769 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf C. M. Verdonschot ◽  
Jochem Kail ◽  
Brendan G. McKie ◽  
Piet F. M. Verdonschot
Keyword(s):  
River Restoration

scholarly journals Modern comprehensive approach to monitor the morphodynamic evolution of a restored river corridor

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 1197-1212 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Pasquale ◽  
P. Perona ◽  
P. Schneider ◽  
J. Shrestha ◽  
A. Wombacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Restoration ◽  
Hydraulic Modeling ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Alluvial Sediment ◽  
Scientific Project ◽  
Fluvial Ecosystems ◽  
Morphodynamic Evolution ◽  
Significant Effort ◽  
River Corridor

Abstract. River restoration has become a common measure to repair anthropogenically-induced alteration of fluvial ecosystems. The inherent complexity of ecohydrologic systems leads to limitations in understanding the response of such systems to restoration over time. Therefore, a significant effort has been dedicated in the recent years worldwide to document the efficiency of restoration actions and to produce new effective guidelines that may help overcoming existing deficiencies. At the same time little attention was paid to illustrate the reasons and the use of certain monitoring and experimental techniques in spite of others, or in relation to the specific ecohydrologic process being investigated. The purpose of this paper is to enrich efforts in this direction by presenting the framework of experimental activities and the related experimental setup that we designed and installed in order to accomplish some of the research tasks of the multidisciplinary scientific project RECORD (Restored Corridor Dynamics). Therein, we studied the morphodynamic evolution of the restored reach of the River Thur near Niederneunforn (Switzerland), also in relation to the role of pioneer vegetation roots in stabilizing the alluvial sediment. In this work we describe the methodology chosen for monitoring the river morphodynamics, the dynamics of riparian and of in-bed vegetation and their mutual interactions, as well as the need of complementing such observations with experiments and with the hydraulic modeling of the site. We also discuss how the designed installation and the experiments integrate with the needs of other research groups within the project, in particular providing data for a number of investigations thereby including surface water and groundwater interactions, soil moisture and vegetation dynamics.

Conservation and Sustainable Management of Agroecosystems

2019 ◽  
pp. 126-143
Author(s):  
Nicola P. Randall ◽  
Barbara Smith
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Ecological Engineering ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Farm Management ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
Alternative Systems ◽  
Biological Impacts

This chapter focuses on the role of farm management in biodiversity conservation (and the potential conflicts and synergies between them). It addresses the question of the relationship between productivity and biodiversity, and how this varies between spatial scale and agricultural system. Different methods of farm management for improved biodiversity and resource management on farmland are presented. The focus areas are reintroducing diversity, sustainable pest and nutrient management, and the role of alternative systems such as organic and biodynamic agriculture. Frameworks for regulating the biological impacts of agriculture (e.g. pesticide regulation, ecological engineering, and funding for conservation are also introduced. Other case studies may include organic farming systems, agroforestry systems, and perennial-based cropping systems, as well as the use of integrated pest management techniques.

Living within dynamic social-ecological freshwater systems: System parameters and the role of ecological engineering

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 1661-1672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric D. Roy ◽  
Jay F. Martin ◽  
Elena G. Irwin ◽  
Joseph D. Conroy ◽  
David A. Culver
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Engineering ◽  
Freshwater Systems ◽  
System Parameters ◽  
Social Ecological

Wall ecology: A frontier for urban biodiversity and ecological engineering

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Francis
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Ecological Engineering ◽  
Urban Ecosystems ◽  
Urban Biodiversity ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Wall Materials ◽  
Physical Engineering ◽  
Made In

Walls are extensive, ubiquitous urban ecosystems that can act as habitat for a range of different species and support non-standard cosmopolitan assemblages. Most investigations into wall ecology have focused on botanical surveys rather than testing hypotheses, but it is apparent that walls can be surprisingly diverse. They also have the potential to be ecologically engineered to encourage a greater diversity and range of species. This review considers the development of wall ecology, highlighting the key characteristics of walls that have been found to influence their ability to support species, with a focus on higher plants. It then examines the kinds of plant assemblages that are found on walls and the broader role of walls within urban biodiversity, before discussing the potential for ecological engineering of walls. Some progress has recently been made in the latter area with the installation of living walls and the physical engineering of wall materials, but much more needs to be done to effectively increase their physical complexity and habitat quality. Walls therefore represent a substantial potential (as well as existing) habitat within urban areas.

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