Handbook of Research on the International Relations of Latin America and the Caribbean

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Pope Atkins
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
International Relations ◽  
The Caribbean

scholarly journals Ocean Science Diplomacy can Be a Game Changer to Promote the Access to Marine Technology in Latin America and the Caribbean

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei Polejack ◽  
Luciana Fernandes Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
International Relations ◽  
International Treaties ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Technical Standards ◽  
Ocean Science ◽  
Science Diplomacy ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Marine Technology ◽  
Game Changer

Ocean science is central in providing evidence for the implementation of the United Nations Law of the Sea Convention. The Convention’s provisions on transfer of marine technology to developing countries aim at strengthening scientific capabilities to promote equitable opportunities for these countries to exercise rights and obligations in managing the marine environment. Decades after the adoption of the Convention, these provisions are under implemented, despite the efforts of international organizations, such as IOC-UNESCO. Latin America and the Caribbean struggle to conduct marine scientific research and seize the opportunities of blue economy due to the limited access to state-of-the-art technology. Ocean science communities in these countries are subject to constraints not foreseeing in international treaties, such as unstable exchange rates, taxation, fees for transportation, costs of maintenance and calibration of technology, challenges to comply with technical standards, and intellectual property rights. Action is needed to overcome these challenges by promoting a closer tie between science and diplomacy. We discuss that this interplay between science and international relations, as we frame science diplomacy, can inform on how to progress in allowing countries in this region to develop relevant research and implement the Convention. We provide concrete examples of this transfer of marine technology and ways forward, in particular in the context of the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021–2030).

Livramento/Rivera: The Linguistic Side of International Relations

1966 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 520-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fritz Hensey
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Indian Language ◽  
Speech Communities ◽  
Caribbean Area ◽  
Internal Migrations ◽  
Official Languages ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Creole Languages

Sociolinguistic studies in Latin America generally deal with situations in which one of the official languages is in contact with an American Indian language, one of the major languages of immigration (German, Italian, Japanese), or one of the creole languages or dialects spoken in the Caribbean area. Except for the latter case, such studies have usually emphasized such processes as acculturation or assimilation, internal migrations, or social mobility.A somewhat neglected research area is that of the coexistence of Spanish and Portuguese along the borders which Brazil shares with a number of Spanish-speaking nations. Just as it is an oversimplification to lump Brazil and its neighbors into a vaguely homogeneous “Latin” America, so also it would appear very risky to rely on the obvious linguistic similarities to generalize about communication between the two major speech communities.

scholarly journals Women’s Struggles Against Extractivism in Latin America and the Caribbean

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enara Echart Muñoz ◽  
Maria del Carmen Villarreal
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Indigenous Women ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
International Organisations ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
The Caribbean

Abstract Since Cynthia Enloe asked, ‘Where are the women?’ in 1989, studies about the place of women in International Relations have increased. However, most of the analyses since then have focused on the participation of women in international organisations, events and institutional spaces, making invisible other practices and places occupied by black or indigenous women from the South. This article aims to highlight the role of women at the international level, analysing their performance in disputes over the meanings of development in Latin America and the Caribbean, based on struggles against extractivism. In addition to denouncing the impacts of this development model, these struggles seek to construct alternatives that, although they could be essentially local, have been multiplied and articulated throughout the Latin American and the Caribbean territory, as part of a broader resistance to the dominant extractivism in the region. These struggles will be mapped using a database of 259 conflicts around mining activities, developed by the Research Group on International Relations and Global South (GRISUL).

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