scholarly journals Continuous flow phantom for the calibration of an ultrasonic transit-time flowmeter

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fellipe Allevato Martins da Silva ◽  
Marco Antônio von Krüger ◽  
Wagner Coelho de Albuquerque Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Transit Time ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Flow Phantom ◽  
Transit Time Flowmeter

scholarly journals Prediction of the Cerebral Hyperperfusion Phenomenon after Carotid Endarterectomy Using a Transit Time Flowmeter

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideaki MATSUMURA ◽  
Yoshiro ITO ◽  
Kazuya UEMURA ◽  
Yasunobu NAKAI ◽  
Yoji KOMATSU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Transit Time ◽  
Cerebral Hyperperfusion ◽  
Transit Time Flowmeter

Pulsed Ultrasonic Transit Time Flowmeter

1962 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Franklin ◽  
D. W. Baker ◽  
R. F. Rushmer
Keyword(s):  
Transit Time ◽  
Pulsed Ultrasonic ◽  
Transit Time Flowmeter

Validation of miniature ultrasonic transit-time flow probes for measurement of renal blood flow in rats

1995 ◽  
Vol 268 (1) ◽  
pp. F175-F178 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Welch ◽  
X. Deng ◽  
H. Snellen ◽  
C. S. Wilcox
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Renal Blood Flow ◽  
Transit Time ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Time Flow ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Transit Time Flowmeter

This study validates the accuracy of miniature ultrasonic transit-time flow probes for measuring renal blood flow (RBF) in the rat. Probes for 1-mm and 2-mm vessels were calibrated ex vivo using excised arteries at varying flow rates and hematocrit (Hct). Correlation between measured and true flow rates for the 2-mm probe were identical (r = 1.0) at both normal and subnormal Hct values. Correlation for the 1-mm probe was high (r = 0.994) at normal Hct, but varied at both high flow rates and subnormal Hct values. In vivo correlation of RBF measurements using the 1-mm probe with the clearance and extraction of p-aminohippuric acid showed a high correlation (r = 0.84; n = 72, P < 0.0001) over a wide range of flow rates (0.5-21 ml/min) and Hct (36-74%). Zero flow levels remained steady, averaging -0.2 +/- 0.2 ml/min during occlusion in the living animal and -0.1 +/- 0.3 ml/min after exsanguination. This study shows that the ultrasonic transit-time flowmeter (1-mm and 2-mm probes) is a reasonably accurate and reliable method with which to measure RBF in the anesthetized, acute-instrumented rat.

scholarly journals Development of Custom Wall-Less Cardiovascular Flow Phantoms with Tissue-Mimicking Gel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan E. Laughlin ◽  
Sam E. Stephens ◽  
Jamie A. Hestekin ◽  
Morten O. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Flow Imaging ◽  
Straight Channel ◽  
Young’S Moduli ◽  
Flow Phantom ◽  
Cardiovascular Flow ◽  
3D Printed

Abstract Purpose Flow phantoms are used in experimental settings to aid in the simulation of blood flow. Custom geometries are available, but current phantom materials present issues with degradability and/or mimicking the mechanical properties of human tissue. In this study, a method of fabricating custom wall-less flow phantoms from a tissue-mimicking gel using 3D printed inserts is developed. Methods A 3D blood vessel geometry example of a bifurcated artery model was 3D printed in polyvinyl alcohol, embedded in tissue-mimicking gel, and subsequently dissolved to create a phantom. Uniaxial compression testing was performed to determine the Young’s moduli of the five gel types. Angle-independent, ultrasound-based imaging modalities, Vector Flow Imaging (VFI) and Blood Speckle Imaging (BSI), were utilized for flow visualization of a straight channel phantom. Results A wall-less phantom of the bifurcated artery was fabricated with minimal bubbles and continuous flow demonstrated. Additionally, flow was visualized through a straight channel phantom by VFI and BSI. The available gel types are suitable for mimicking a variety of tissue types, including cardiac tissue and blood vessels. Conclusion Custom, tissue-mimicking flow phantoms can be fabricated using the developed methodology and have potential for use in a variety of applications, including ultrasound-based imaging methods. This is the first reported use of BSI with an in vitro flow phantom.

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