scholarly journals Morphometric analysis of the coronary arteries: a study of the external diameters

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (03) ◽  
pp. 138-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Silva ◽  
A. Nagato ◽  
R. Reis ◽  
C. Nardeli ◽  
F. Abreu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Right Coronary Artery ◽  
Left Coronary Artery ◽  
The Body ◽  
External Diameter ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Masses

Abstract Introduction: Approximately a third of worldwide deaths are caused by ischemic or coronary heart disease, suggesting that greater attention is needed to study the coronary diameter and myocardial vasculature. Material and Methods: In this study, 39 human adult hearts were dissected. The masses of the hearts were measured according to the principle of Scherle and the external diameters of the right coronary artery, the left coronary artery, and the ascending part of the Aorta were measured in millimeters (mm), using a Mitutoyo digital caliper. In the statistical analysis, normal distribution of the variables was assessed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, external diameters were compared using the unpaired Student's t-test, and Pearson's correlation was applied to investigate the correlation of the diameters of the left coronary artery and right coronary artery with the Aorta. Significance was set at P <0.05, and the data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism v.5.00 (GraphPad Software, San Diego, CA). Results: The external diameters were as follows: left coronary artery, 5.55±0.16 mm; right coronary artery, 4.38±0.15 mm (P <0.0001); and Aorta, 22.85±0.80 mm. Thus, it was demonstrated that the external diameter of the left coronary artery is 22% larger than that of the right coronary artery, resulting in a greater blood supply via the left coronary artery and a greater passage of atherosclerotic factors. Conclusions: Despite the importance of the coronary arteries for the heart and the body as a whole, few studies correlated morphometric data and possible clinical implications related to coronary artery disease.

Location of Early Atheroma in the Human Coronary Arteries

1981 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Fox ◽  
W. A. Seed
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Right Coronary Artery ◽  
Left Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Lesions ◽  
Circumferential Distribution ◽  
Mechanical Factors ◽  
The Right

We have correlated the location of early atheroma with vessel geometry in the major coronary arteries of subjects dying of noncardiovascular causes under 40 yr of age. We analyzed only those vessels affected minimally by very early (fatty) disease. In each of the three major branches, disease was concentrated close to the entrance and diminished with distance downstream. Circumferential distribution of disease was also not random. In the right coronary artery, lesions were concentrated on the inner wall of the major curvature. Immediately downstream of the entrances of both branches of the left coronary artery, the flow-dividing walls were spared. Further downstream in the left anterior, descending branch plaques followed a spiral distribution. We believe these patterns may be determined by local mechanical factors.

The coronary arteries and cardiac veins

2019 ◽  
pp. 175-186
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Right Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Sinus ◽  
Left Coronary Artery ◽  
Venous System ◽  
Cardiac Veins ◽  
Coronary Ostia ◽  
The Right

This chapter describes the anatomy of the coronary arteries and cardiac veins. It covers the coronary ostia and left coronary artery, the right coronary artery, the cardiac venous system, and the coronary sinus and its tributaries.

Unusual coronary artery arrangement in D-transposition of the great arteries with ventricular septal defect

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Salima Ahmed Bhimani ◽  
Rukmini Komarlu
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Ventricular Septal Defect ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Right Coronary Artery ◽  
Left Coronary Artery ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Antegrade Flow ◽  
The Right

A term female with prenatally diagnosed D-Transposition of the great arteries, large membranous ventricular septal defect with inlet extension, moderate secundum atrial septal defect, and large patent ductus arteriosus (Fig 1) was born by scheduled caesarean section. Transthoracic echocardiogram confirmed the anatomy with both coronary arteries arising from a single sinus with separate ostia. The right coronary artery arose from right posterior facing sinus (Fig 2). The left coronary artery arose anomalously from the same sinus adjacent to the right coronary artery ostium, coursing posterior to the aorta, with brief intramural and interarterial course before bifurcating into the left anterior descending and left circumflex coronary arteries (Figs 3 and 4). As a result of this unique coronary pattern, she underwent unroofing of the intramural left coronary artery noted on opening the aortic root to the coronary ostium. Both coronary buttons were harvested and this large button was then divided into two buttons. The left coronary artery button was implanted with a trapdoor technique, right coronary artery button was implanted, and the remainder of the arterial switch procedure along with LeCompte maneuver was completed uneventfully, with closure of the atrial and ventricular septal defects. The post-operative course was uneventful and the patient was discharged on the seventh post-operative day. At discharge, the patient had normal biventricular systolic function, no residual intracardiac shunt, and robust antegrade flow in the reimplanted coronary arteries. The patient was growing well at the fourth month post-operative visit with normal biventricular function, patent coronaries, and outflow tracts.

The Ross procedure performed in the setting of congenitally bifoliate aortic valve with anomalous right coronary artery

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayuki Morikawa ◽  
Ko Bando ◽  
Shinji Sato
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Right Coronary Artery ◽  
Left Coronary Artery ◽  
Ross Procedure ◽  
Aortic Sinus ◽  
Anomalous Artery ◽  
Atrioventricular Groove ◽  
The Right

We treated successfully using the Ross procedure a 14-year old with a congenitally stenotic bifoliate aortic valve associated with anomalous origin of the right coronary artery. The anomalous artery arose from the same aortic sinus that gave rise to the main stem of the left coronary artery, and reached the right atrioventricular groove by traversing the tissue plane between the aortic root and the subpulmonary infundibulum. Both coronary arteries were reimplanted using a single arterial button.

Anatomical Variations of Coronary Ostia, Aortocoronary Angles and Angles of Division of the Left Coronary Artery of the Human Heart

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 914-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Pejković ◽  
I Krajnc ◽  
F Anderhuber
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Right Coronary Artery ◽  
Human Heart ◽  
Left Coronary Artery ◽  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Initial Part ◽  
Anatomical Dissection ◽  
The Right

Classic anatomical dissection of 150 heart specimens from adults aged 18 − 80 years was performed. Anatomical variations were studied in: (i) the position of the ostium of the left coronary artery; (ii) the angle between the proximal segment of the left coronary artery and the longitudinal axis of the aorta and between the circumflex and the anterior descending branches; (iii) the angle between the anterior descending artery and the diagonal branches, and between the diagonal and circumflex branches in trifurcation of the left coronary artery; (iv) the position of the ostium of the right coronary artery in the right coronary sinus of Valsalva; (v) the angle between the initial part of the right coronary artery and the logitudinal axis of the aorta; and (vi) the position of the initial part of the left coronary artery relative to the coronary groove. Knowledge of and the ability to recognize and identify the variety of sites of origin of coronary arteries, aortocoronary angles and angles of division of the left coronary artery of the human heart may help to overcome potential difficulties in cardiosurgical procedures, such as aortic valve replacement and reinsertion of coronary arteries.

scholarly journals Coronary arteries morphometry and their vascular territories

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 130-135
Author(s):  
V. Ispas ◽  
P. Bordei ◽  
D. M. Iliescu ◽  
R. Baz
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Right Coronary Artery ◽  
Left Coronary Artery ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Circumflex Artery ◽  
Marginal Artery ◽  
The Right ◽  
Coronary Dominance

Abstract Our study was performed on a total of 24 angioCT’s by each coronary artery executed on a GE LightSpeed VCT64 Slice CT Scanner. To assess the type of vascularization (coronary dominance) we used also dissection on fresh and formalin preserved hearts, injection of contrast substance followed by radiography and plastic mass injection followed by corrosion. Left coronary artery from origin I found a diameter of between 4.1 to 5.8 mm, the length of the left main coronary artery until its branching (bi or trifurcation) ranging from 3 to 11.8 mm. The diameter of the anterior interventricular artery, was between 1.8 to 3.4 mm, and when the anterior interventricular artery branched off a left marginal artery, it was less voluminous than the case when the marginal artery origin by trifurcation of coronary artery, with 1.8-2.5 mm. Anterior interventricular artery detach left anterior ventricular branches with a diameter of 1.2-2.2 mm. Circumflex artery present a diameter of 2.1 to 4.2 mm at the left aspect of the heart circumflex artery has a diameter of 2.1 to 3.4 mm. On the posterior surface of left ventricle from circumflex artery branches come off with 1.2 to 2.4 mm in diameter. Left marginal artery, when originate from the left coronary artery had a diameter of 2.1 to 2.8 mm. The right coronary artery presents at origin a diameter of 3.1 to 5.4 mm, from the coronary right for the anterior aspect of the right ventricle unhooking the branches with a diameter of 2.2 to 4.2 mm. To the posterior of the right ventricle right coronary artery gave branches with a diameter of 1.6 to 2.6 mm. Right marginal artery had a diameter of 1.6-2.2 mm, and in one case (4.17% from cases) had a diameter of 3.4 mm (when the right coronary origin was 5.4 mm ). From right the coronary atrial branches detaches with a caliber of 0.6-2 mm. Regarding the coronary dominance, we found on a number of 88 hearts that in 29.54% of cases there is predominance of right coronary artery in 25% of cases there is a predominance of the left coronary artery, and in 45.46% of cases there is a balance between the territories of the vascularity of the two coronary arteries.

Identification, imaging, functional assessment and management of congenital coronary arterial abnormalities in children

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (S4) ◽  
pp. 56-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan H. Friedman ◽  
Mark A. Fogel ◽  
Paul Stephens ◽  
Jeffrey C. Hellinger ◽  
David G. Nykanen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Right Coronary Artery ◽  
Functional Assessment ◽  
Left Coronary Artery ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Pulmonary Trunk ◽  
Anomalous Origin ◽  
Sinus Of Valsalva ◽  
The Right

AbstractThe coronary arteries, the vessels through which both substrate and oxygen are provided to the cardiac muscle, normally arise from paired stems, right and left, each arising from a separate and distinct sinus of the aortic valve. The right coronary artery runs through the right atrioventricular groove, terminating in the majority of instances in the inferior interventricular groove. The main stem of the left coronary artery bifurcates into the anterior descending, or interventricular, and the circumflex branches. Origin of the anterior descending and circumflex arteries from separate orifices from the left sinus of Valsalva occurs in about 1% of the population, while it is also frequent to find the infundibular artery arising as a separate branch from the right sinus of Valsalva.Anomalies of the coronary arteries can result from rudimentary persistence of an embryologic coronary arterial structure, failure of normal development or normal atrophy as part of development, or misplacement of connection of a an otherwise normal coronary artery. Anomalies, therefore, can be summarized in terms of abnormal origin or course, abnormal number of coronary arteries, lack of patency of the orifice of coronary artery, or abnormal connections of the arteries.Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary trunk occurs with an incidence of approximately 1 in 300,000 children. The degree of left ventricular dysfunction produced likely relates to the development of collateral vessels that arise from the right coronary artery, and provide flow into the left system. Anomalous origin of either the right or the left coronary artery from the opposite sinus of Valsalva can be relatively innocuous, but if the anomalous artery takes an interarterial course between the pulmonary trunk and the aorta, this can underlie sudden death, almost invariably during or immediately following strenuous exercise or competitive sporting events. Distal anomalies of the coronary arteries most commonly involve abnormal connections, or fistulas, between the right or left coronary arterial systems and a chamber or vessel.We discuss the current techniques available for imaging these various lesions, along with their functional assessment, concluding with a summary of current strategies for management.

Anomalous origin and course of the coronary arteries

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (S3) ◽  
pp. 20-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Hlavacek ◽  
Marios Loukas ◽  
Diane Spicer ◽  
Robert H. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Right Coronary Artery ◽  
Left Coronary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Trunk ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Anomalous Origin ◽  
Aortic Sinus ◽  
Atrioventricular Groove ◽  
The Right

AbstractIn the normal heart, the right and left coronary arteries arise from the aortic valvar sinuses adjacent to the pulmonary trunk. The right coronary artery then directly enters the right atrioventricular groove, whereas the main stem of the left coronary artery runs a short course before dividing to become the anterior interventricular and circumflex arteries. These arteries can have an anomalous origin from either the aorta or pulmonary trunk; their branches can have various anomalous origins relative to arterial pedicles. Other abnormal situations include myocardial bridging, abnormal communications, solitary coronary arteries, and duplicated arteries. Understanding of these variations is key to determining those anomalous patterns associated with sudden cardiac death. In the most common variant of an anomalous origin from the pulmonary trunk, the main stem of the left coronary artery arises from the sinus of the pulmonary trunk adjacent to the anticipated left coronary arterial aortic sinus. The artery can, however, arise from a pulmonary artery, or the right coronary artery can have an anomalous pulmonary origin. The key feature in the anomalous aortic origin is the potential for squeezing of the artery, produced by either the so-called intramural origin from the aorta, or the passage of the abnormal artery between the aortic root and the subpulmonary infundibulum.

Giant right coronary artery aneurysm

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Alexandre Bonfim ◽  
Ronald Souza ◽  
Sérgio Beraldo ◽  
Frederico Nunes ◽  
Daniel Beraldo
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Right Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Giant Aneurysm ◽  
Coronary Artery Aneurysms ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
The Right

Right coronary artery aneurysms are rare and may result from severe coronary disease, with few cases described in the literature. Mortality is high, and therapy is still controversial. We report the case of a 72-year-old woman with arterial hypertension, and a family history of coronary artery disease, who evolved for 2 months with episodes of palpitations and dyspnea on moderate exertion. During the evaluation, a giant aneurysm was found in the proximal third of the right coronary artery. The patient underwent surgical treatment with grafting of the radial artery to the right coronary artery and ligation of the aneurysmal sac, with good clinical course.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document