scholarly journals Asymptomatic bacteriuria among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre in Northern Tanzania

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moses K. Mwei ◽  
Bariki Mchome ◽  
Beatrice John ◽  
Eusebious Maro
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Medical Centre ◽  
Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background:  Asymptomatic bacteriuria has been demonstrated to have adverse maternal and pregnancy outcomes precisely pyelonephritis, low birth weight, preterm premature rupture of membranes and preterm labour.Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria and antibiotic sensitivity pattern among women attending antenatal clinic at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre in Northern Tanzania.Methodology: We conducted analytical cross sectional study involving women attending antenatal clinic at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre between October and December 2016. All women who met the inclusion criteria and gave their informed consent were invited to participate. Interviews using a questionnaire were conducted to collect socio-demographic and obstetric information while urine samples were collected for laboratory processing. Results: The prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) among pregnant women in this study was 8.9%. The organisms isolated from the urine sample according to the frequency of occurrence were Escherichia coli (50%), Streptococcus pyogenes (19%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (15%), group B Streptococcus (8%), group A Streptococcus (4%) and Proteus mirabilis (4%). The rate of antibiotic sensitivity among gram negative bacteria ranged from 100% among Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis to ceftriaxone, while Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis showed no sensitivity at all to ampicillin. Among the gram positive bacteria, erythromycin was shown to have sensitivity to group A streptococcus but no sensitivity to group B streptococcus.Conclusion: The prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria of 8.9% among pregnant women and the wide array of organisms isolated in this population warrant the development of protocols for routine ASB screening and exclusion of ampicillin as an antibiotic of choice in this cohort.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria among Female Students and Staff of College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University.

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 862-867
Author(s):  
Taisir Saber ◽  
Nahed M. Hawsawi ◽  
Aisha hassen Alharthi ◽  
Mashael hamad Algethami ◽  
Reem Abdullah Alnefaie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Urine Specimens

Background: Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) is a common condition where bacteria are present in a significant count in urine without symptoms. Pathogen persistence for a long period of time can cause urinary tract infection (UTI) that may lead to a serious complication. This study was carried out to assess the prevalence of ASB among female student and staff in College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif university. Methods: This was a cross sectional study where a clean-catch midstream urine specimens were collected from 50 participant; 29 staff (group A) and 21 students (group B). The urine specimens were cultured quantitatively onto CLED agar plates and incubated at 35-37 ºC for 24- 48 hours. Bacterial growth equal to or more than 105 CFU/ml was considered significant. Bacteria that grew in significant count were identified by Gram stain, catalase test, coagulase test and novobiocin sensitivity.  Results: Out of the 50 urine specimens screened for ASB, two specimens (4 %) showed significant bacterial growth; where one specimen (3.4 %) in group A and one specimen (4.8 %) in group B showed significant bacterial growth. The rest of urine specimens showed either no or non-significant bacterial growth. Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Staphylococcus epidermidis were the isolated organisms. Conclusion: Low prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria was noted in this study. This may be due to the relatively small number of the students and staff investigated. Another likely explanation is that our target group has high educational status as socioeconomic marker.

scholarly journals The Effect of Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy (ACT) Antimalaria Drugs on Liver Enzymes in Pregnancy

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ajibade Oluwagbenga Oyeyemi ◽  
Ayobola Abimbola Sonuga
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Group B ◽  
And Control ◽  
In Pregnancy

Aims: Artemisinin-based Combination Therapies (ACTs) are employed as first-line agents in malaria chemotherapy. This study is aimed at assessing the effects of ACTs on renal function of pregnant women. Study Design: Comparative study. Place and Duration of Study: Pregnant women aged 18 to 50 years were recruited from antenatal clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Ekiti State Hospital, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria between 2016 and 2018 Methodology: One hundred and eighty pregnant women were grouped into three which include:  Sixty pregnant women with malaria parasite on ACT drugs (Group A), sixty pregnant women with malaria parasite not on ACT drugs (Group B), sixty pregnant women without malaria parasite (Group C/control). Plasma Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Alanine Transaminase (ALT) and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) activities were evaluated by standard methods. The data collected were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Student’s t test to compare the data between the test groups and control. Results: Results showed there was a significant decrease (P=.05) in Body Mass Index in the pregnant women with malaria on ACT and those that were not on ACT when compared with control (24.1± 0.32 versus (25+ 2.30 vs 27± 1.62). A significant increase (P=.05) occurred in the levels of ALP,AST, ALT and LDH  in pregnant women with malaria not on ACT drugs when compared the control (168.45±0.19, 10.0±0.27, 8.19±0.25, 4.5±0.21) versus (143.20±0.12, 8.71±0.30, 5.99±0.21, 2.08±0.19),while no significant difference occurred in the levels of ALP,AST, ALT and LDH in pregnant women with malaria on ACT when compared with control (141.60±0.78, 8.02±0.32, 6.10±0.30, 2.75+ 0.20) vs (143.20±0.12, 8.71±0.30, 5.99±0.21, 2.08±0.19). Conclusion: Normal therapeutic dose of ACT has no harmful effect on the liver in pregnancy.

scholarly journals Asymptomatic bacteriuria among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at a tertiary care centre

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 528
Author(s):  
Barun K. Basumatary ◽  
Bijoy K. Dutta ◽  
Nabina Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms ◽  
One Year ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: The term asymptomatic bacteriuria is defined as the presence of > 100,000 colonies of a single bacterial species per millilitre of urine (105 cfu /mL), cultured from clean catch midstream sample in the absence of declared symptoms. The aim of this study was to know the incidence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy and the various factors influencing it, to identify the pathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns.Methods: Clean catch mid-stream urine samples were collected from 3000 pregnant women (all trimesters) aged between 18-35 years of age attending the antenatal OPD in GMCH, Guwahati for a period of one year (July 2018-June2019).  Identification of organisms and antibiotic sensitivity tests were performed as per standard methods.Results: In our study, incidence of asymptomatic bacteriuria was found to be 12.1%. Most women (52.89%) were in the age group of (20-30) years, mostly in second trimester (47.1%). Gram negative organisms were the commonest organisms isolated; among which Escherichia coli (56.75%) was the principal urinary pathogen followed by Klebsiella sp (14.33%) and Staphylococcus saprophyticus (12.67%). The isolates were most sensitive to Nitrofurantoin (87.88%).Conclusions: Asymptomatic bacteriuria is common in pregnancy. Once ASB is recognized during pregnancy, it should be appropriately treated with antibiotics and promptly followed up.

Etiology, clinical presentation, laboratory diagnostics, pathogenesis of impetigo and treatment methods

2020 ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Anastasiya Laknitskaya
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Individual

Currently, one of the priority medical and social problems is the optimization of treatment methods for pyoderma associated with Streptococcus pyogenes — group A streptococcus (GAS). To date, the proportion of pyoderma, the etiological factor of which is Streptococcus pyogenes, is about 6 % of all skin diseases and is in the range from 17.9 to 43.9 % of all dermatoses. Role of the bacterial factor in the development of streptococcal pyoderma is obvious. Traditional treatment complex includes antibacterial drugs selected individually, taking into account the antibiotic sensitivity of pathognomonic bacteria, and it is not always effective. Currently implemented immunocorrection methods often do not take into account specific immunological features of the disease, the individual, and the fact that the skin performs the function of not only a mechanical barrier, but it is also an immunocompetent organ. Such an approach makes it necessary to conduct additional studies clarifying the role of factors of innate and adaptive immunity, intercellular mediators and antioxidant defense system, that allow to optimize the treatment of this pathology.

Prevention of Hepatitis B Infection in Newborns Through Mass Screening and Delayed Vaccination of All Infants of Mothers With Hepatitis B Surface Antigen

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 1041-1048
Author(s):  
Solko W. Schalm ◽  
J. Adriaan Mazel ◽  
Gijsbert C. de Gast ◽  
Rudolf A. Heijtink ◽  
Meindert J. Botman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Large City ◽  
Hepatitis B Infection ◽  
Active Vaccination ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Beginning in 1982 all pregnant women undergoing prenatal routine blood analysis in three large city hospitals and one large rural area were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Infants of all HBsAg-positive mothers received hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIg), 0.5 mL/kg of body weight within two hours of birth and, after randomization, 10 µg of hepatitis B vaccine either at 0, 1, 2, and 11 months of age (schedule A) or at 3, 4, 5, and 11 months of age (schedule B). A second injection of HBIg (1 mL) was given to infants on schedule B at 3 months of age. Blood samples were obtained at 3, 6, 11, 12, 24, and 36 months. In a two-year period, 28,412 pregnant women were tested for HBsAg; screening efficiency varied between 85% and 98%. The overall prevalence of HBsAg was 0.8%, with a marked variation between urban centers (2.2%) and the rural area (0.3%). Vaccinations were received by 180 of 193 infants of HBsAg-positive mothers (90 on schedule A and 90 on schedule B). Concentrations of hepatitis B surface antibody less than 10 IU/L were observed in nine instances in five children from group A and in seven instances in six children from group B. Four hepatitis B viral infections (two HBsAg carriers, two who underwent antihepatitis B core seroconversions) were recorded in group A v one infection (antihepatitis B core seroconversion) in group B. The protective efficacy of the program (screening plus passive immunization and delayed vaccination) was 94%. The estimated cost of preventing one case of hepatitis B infection in neonates was $3,000 (US currency). It is concluded that screening all pregnant women for HBsAg can be introduced effectively at reasonable costs in a country with a low prevalence of HBsAg and a high proportion of home deliveries. Delayed active vaccination starting at 3 months of age may be an effective and, for reasons of high compliance and low cost, attractive alternative to early active vaccination.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document