scholarly journals Prevalence of exchange blood transfusion in severe hyperbilirubinaemia and outcome at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital Maiduguri, Northeastern Nigeria

1970 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
S Pius ◽  
M Bello ◽  
Y Mava ◽  
S Djossi ◽  
JP Ambe
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Treatment Modality ◽  
Neonatal Jaundice ◽  
Special Care ◽  
Bilirubin Encephalopathy ◽  
Exchange Blood Transfusion ◽  
Abo Incompatibility ◽  
Special Care Baby Unit ◽  
The University

Background: Exchange blood transfusion (EBT) is carried out for the treatment of conditions presenting with severe hyperbilirubinaemia and anaemia, such as ABO incompatibility, sepsis, prematurity and birth trauma among others. While it is fast being abandoned as treatment modality for severe neonatal jaundice in the resource rich countries, it is still a backbone of treatment for severe neonatal jaundice in resource limited settings. Since such a study has not been done in this centre before now, we decided to study the positive effects of exchange blood transfusion in Maiduguri, North-Eastern Nigeria.Objective: To determine the prevalence, indications and outcome of exchange blood transfusion at the Special Care Baby Unit of the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri.Methods: This is a retrospective study which examined the records of babies admitted into the SCBU between 1st January to December 31st 2014 with the aim of determining the prevalence of EBT at the Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU) of the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital (UMTH), Maiduguri.The indications for EBT and mortality among babies who had EBT are also highlighted.Results: A total of 639 babies with gestational ages between 30weeks to 42weeks were admitted into the Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU) over the period of 12 months. Of this number, 64 (10%) had neonatal jaundice. Thirty (46.9%) of the 64 neonates with NNJ had EBT, their pre- EBT, serum bilirubin (SB) level ranged from 15mg/dL to 28.5mg/ dL with mean of 21.5 ±13.0mg/dL, while the post EBT SB ranged from 3.0mg/dL to 11.3mg/dl with mean of 7.2±8.3mg/dL. The aetiological risk factors of severe hyperbilirubinaemia in the newborns who had EBT include ABO incompatibility 17(56.7%), sepsis 12 (40.0%), prematurity 10(33.3%). Out of 30 neonates had EBT, 25 (83.3%) survived and were discharged, 5(16.7%) died and 3 with bilirubin encephalopathy,1with severe perinatal asphyxia with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy stage II while the fifth death was a preterm extreme low birth weight.Conclusion: In our setting, the prevalence of exchange blood transfusion is high and this is because a large number of our patients had severe NNJ at presentation, some with bilirubin encephalopathy. Exchange blood transfusion remains one of the most reliable and effective treatment modality to prevent bilirubin encephalopathy especially in settings where babies are brought late to health facility. Effort at health education of the population at risk, especially pregnant women on early recognition and referral to appropriate health facility for prompt treatment to prevent severe NNJ and bilirubin encephalopathy is highlighted.

scholarly journals Pattern of Blood Transfusion in the Special Care Baby Unit of Benue State University Teaching Hospital in Makurdi North-Central Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
M O Ochoga ◽  
E E Eseigbe ◽  
A M Onoja ◽  
M Aondoaseer ◽  
B N Samba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Neonatal Jaundice ◽  
Special Care ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
State University ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Exchange Blood Transfusion ◽  
Special Care Baby Unit ◽  
Male Female Ratio

Blood transfusion is a life-saving procedure in which whole blood or parts of blood are introduced into a patient's bloodstream intravenously. The need maybe due to physiological or pathological causes. The objective of this study was to document the pattern and indications for blood transfusion at the Special Care Baby Unit of the Benue State University Teaching Hospital (BSUTH), Makurdi. This study was a retrospective review of 126 neonates who received blood transfusion at the Special care baby unit of BSUTH from 1st January 2015 to 31st December 2019. Data was retrieved from patient's medical records and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23. A total of 1142 neonates were admitted over the study period and 126 had blood transfusion giving a prevalence of 11.0%. Male/Female ratio of 1.57:1.Mean (±SD) Birth weight and gestational age (GA) were 2.23±0.82Kg and 35.48 ±3.95 weeks respectively. Exchange blood transfusion was the most frequent 53(42.1%) type of blood transfusion. The most common indications for blood transfusion were anaemia of prematurity, sepsis and severe neonatal jaundice. A hundred and twelve (88.9%) who received transfusion were discharged while 4(3.2%) died. The rate of blood transfusion was low, while severe neonatal jaundice and anaemia were the main indications for blood transfusion in this study. Exchange blood transfusion was the main type of transfusion.

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated morbidities of preterm neonatal admissions at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, North-Eastern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Mustapha ◽  
P. Simon ◽  
B.I. Abdullahi ◽  
H.I. Abubakar
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Special Care ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Special Care Baby Unit ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Preterm Babies ◽  
The University

Introduction: Preterm delivery is of considerable concern to clinicians and researchers being a leading cause of infant morbidity and mortality in the industrialized countries and also contributes to substantial complications among survivors. Sub-Saharan Africa, including Nigeria accounts for significant proportion of preterm births, with over million deaths due to complication of prematurity. Objectives: The study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated morbidities of preterm deliveries at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, North-Eastern Nigeria. Patients and methods: This is a retrospective review of neonates delivered before 37 completed weeks of gestation and admitted into the Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU) of the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, from 1st January 2008 to 31st December 2015. Results: There were 3435 admissions into the Special Care baby Unit (SCBU) during the 8 year period. Out of these 1129 were preterm babies giving a prevalence of 32.9%. Of the 1129 preterm babies managed in SCBU, 714 case records were retrieved and analyzed giving a retrieval rate of 63%. There were 372 (52.1%) males and 342 (47.9%) females; with the male to female ratio of 1:1.08. There were 17(2.3%) extreme low birth weight  (<1000g), 288 (40.3%) very low birth weight (1000-1499 g), 406 (56.9%) low birth weight (1500- 2499 g) babies. The range of admission weights was 700-2500g with mean of 1600±900g. Conclusion: The burden, complications and mortality from preterm newborns remain significant public health challenges to care givers in Nigeria. Key words : Prevalence, preterm babies, associated morbidities, Maiduguri 

scholarly journals Low Cost Level II Newborn Care Service: Experience Of Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital

2004 ◽  
Vol 43 (152) ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
D S Manandhar ◽  
K Manandhar
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Special Care ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Special Care Baby Unit ◽  
Level Ii

Newborn infants require special care when they become sick. Majority of the newborn require only feeding,warmth and loving care by the mothers. Nearly 15-20% of newborns become sick requiring care in hospital.Most of these babies can be managed using low cost locally made equipment which makes newborn careaffordable. This is a prospective study of 201 sick newborns looked after in the Special Care Baby Unit(SCBU) of Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital (KMCTH) using locally made low cost equipment.In the period of 28 months from 2nd July, 2001 to 17th Oct. 2003, 882 babies were delivered at KathmanduMedical College Teaching Hospital (KMCTH). 859 were live births. Out of 859 live births, 173 (20.1%)were admitted in the special care baby unit (SCBU). SCBU of this hospital also admitted 28 babies bornoutside the hospital. The main causes of admission in SCBU were low birth weight (37.3%), neonataljaundice (18.9%), birth asphyxia (6.9%), septicaemia (2.4%) and out of 201 babies admitted in SCBU,89% were discharged in good condition, 3.9% of the babies left against medical advice, 2 babies (one withcongenital hydronephrosis and another with congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis) were transferred toKanti Children Hospital for surgery and 11 babies (5.4%) expired. The main causes of neonatal deathswere extreme prematurity (70%), septicaemia (23%), birth asphyxia (15.3%) and congenital anomalies(7.6%). The perinatal mortality rate (PMR) and neonatal mortality rate (NMR) during this period were26.4/1000 births and 15.1/1000 live births respectively. In SCBU, locally made low cost equipment(Resuscitaire, Warm cot, Phototherapy and Oxygen hood designed by Prof D.S. Manandhar) are beingused in the manangement of sick babies, since the unit was started on 2nd July, 2001. Babies with birthweight as low as 1020 gms and gestation as low as 28 weeks have survived in this unit. This unit has shownthat Level II care could be provided with simple and low cost equipment and results are quite satisfactory.Good antenatal care, good care during delivery including use of partogram and care during postnatalperiod have helped to make this result good. Expansion of such facilities in district and bigger hospitals inthe country are not only affordable but also will have great impact in saving many lives. This will have amajor impact in reducing the present high IMR and NMR of the country.Key Words: Care of sick neonates, low cost locally made equipment, common neonatal problems,special care baby unit, and level II care.

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