scholarly journals Evaluating HIV/Aids prevalence and sustainable development in sub-Saharan Africa: the role of health expenditure

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 568-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamiu Adetola Odugbesan ◽  
Husam Rjoub
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Economic Behavior ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Correction Coefficient ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Keywords Hiv ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: The sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) present the highest prevalence of HIV/AIDS worldwide; resulting to a signif- icant development challenges at country, region and global level. The previous studies explain at least in part, the impact of the epidemic, however the impact of HIV/AIDS in long-term economic behavior were not yet clear. There is clearly few or absence of studies on the impact of the impact of the epidemic on sustainable development. Objective: This study focused on macroeconomic analysis of the HIV/AIDS impact on sustainable development in SSA. Method: The study utilized a panel dataset covering 23 countries from 1993 until 2016, and employed Panel ARDL/PMG. Results: Our findings reveals a stable long-run relationship between sustainable development and HIV/AIDS prevalence. The error correction coefficient was statistically significant and conclude that HIV/AIDS prevalence has long-run impact on sustainable development. Conclusion: The main implication of our study is that, achieving a sustainable development in the presence of high preva- lence of HIV/AIDS in SSA is very challenging and as such, the responsiveness of HIV/AIDS to sustainable development should be maintained at minimum which would require more efforts on HIV/AIDS control programs and increase health expenditure. Keywords: HIV/AIDS; macroeconomics; sustainable development; health expenditure; SSA.

scholarly journals Relationship among HIV/AIDS Prevalence, Human Capital, Good Governance, and Sustainable Development: Empirical Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamiu Adetola Odugbesan ◽  
Husam Rjoub
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Capital Good ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The World ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Hiv Aids

: Sub-Saharan Africa is regarded as the region that accommodates about 75% of the world HIV/AIDS prevalence as of 2016. Research on the relationship between the epidemic and sustainable development is scant in this part of the world, as available literature is dominated by studies that focus on HIV and economic growth. Therefore, this study examines the relationship between sustainable development and HIV/AIDS prevalence, along with other determinants of sustainable development, such as good governance and human capital in 26 sub-Saharan Africa countries over a 27-year period from 1990—2016. The pooled mean group (PMG) estimator was employed for analysis after it was confirmed by the Hausman test for the estimation of the relationship among the variables. The results revealed a unidirectional long-run and significant relationship between HIV/AIDS prevalence and sustainable development, human capital and good governance, and human capital and sustainable development. Also, a bidirectional long-run relationship was found between good governance and HIV/AIDS prevalence. Estimation of subgroups provides a robustness check for our findings. Therefore, the paper gives new insight to the government of sub-Saharan Africa countries and major stakeholders about how to attain sustainable development in the region, while intensifying efforts on reducing HIV/AIDS prevalence, and at the same time ensuring effective good governance and human capital development.

“Does the poor matter” in pro-poor driven sub-Saharan African cities? towards progressive and inclusive pro-poor tourism

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 392-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regis Musavengane ◽  
Pius Siakwah ◽  
Llewellyn Leonard
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Urban Tourism ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Content Type ◽  
African Cities ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to question the extent to which Sub-Saharan African cities are progressing towards promoting pro-poor economies through pro-poor tourism (PPT). It specifically examines how African cities are resilient towards attaining sustainable urban tourism destinations in light of high urbanization. Design/methodology/approach The methodological framework is interpretive in nature and qualitative in an operational form. It uses meta-synthesis to evaluate the causal relationships observed within Sub-Saharan African pro-poor economies to enhance PPT approaches, using Accra, Ghana, Johannesburg, South Africa, and Harare, Zimbabwe, as case studies. Findings Tourism development in Sub-Saharan Africa has been dominantly underpinned by neoliberal development strategies which threaten the sustainability of tourism in African cities. Research limitations/implications The study is limited to three Sub-Saharan African countries. Further studies may need to be done in other developing countries. Practical implications It argues for good governance through sustainability institutionalization which strengthens the regulative mechanisms, processes and organizational culture. Inclusive tourism approaches that are resilient-centered have the potential to promote urban tourism in Sub-Saharan African cities. These findings contribute to the building of strong and inclusive Institutions for Sustainable Development in the Sub-Saharan African cities to alleviate poverty. Social implications These findings contribute to the building of strong and inclusive institutions for sustainable development in the Sub-Saharan African cities to alleviate poverty. Originality/value The “poor” are always within the communities, and it takes a community to minimise the impact of poverty among the populace. The study is conducted at a pertinent time when most African government’s development policies are pro-poor driven. Though African cities provide opportunities of growth, they are regarded as centres of high inequality.

scholarly journals Deconstructing the Impact of Entrepreneurship on Income Inequality in Sub-Saharan Africa Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-284
Author(s):  
Jimoh S. Ogede
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The study examines the impacts of entrepreneurship on income inequality in a panel of 29 Sub-Saharan African countries spanning from 2004 to 2020. The paper employs a dynamic heterogeneous panel approach to differentiate between long-run and short-run impacts of entrepreneurship on income inequality. The findings establish a robust and direct nexus between entrepreneurial activities and income disparity. The results of the two entrepreneurial indicators are stable. Besides, the coefficient of the human capital is positive in the regression and statistically significant at a 5 percent significance level. The proxies for macroeconomic factors exhibit diverse signs and impact, which suggest a policy stimulus aimed at refining macroeconomic situations and also ignite prospects for households to increase their incomes.

Sustainable development in Sub‐Saharan Africa: the impact of infrastructure on wealth per capita

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (233-234) ◽  
pp. 199-212
Author(s):  
Onesmus Mbaabu Mutiiria ◽  
Qingjiang Ju ◽  
Koffi Dumor
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Water-Health-Food-Economy Nexus and Sustainable Development in Developing Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 1383-1388
Author(s):  
W. K. Joshua
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Health Food ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Food Economy ◽  
The Impact

The SARS-Cov-2 pandemic has raised important concerns regarding sustainable development. With vaccines still on trial and lack of effective treatment, countries must ensure adequate measures are in place to protect and cushion the impact of the virus. In this short review, I examine the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). I aim to achieve this by looking at how non-pharmaceutical measures like lockdown, impacts negatively on the water-health-food-economy nexus, and how it affects the realization of the SDGs. The nexus between water, food, health, and economy especially in the context of the pandemic has a strong relationship that will undermine sustainable development. I argue that a large number of people from Sub-Saharan Africa have largely been marginalized economically and socially and that despite having low numbers of positive cases, the region will significantly be impacted due to underlying issues relating to poverty, hunger, poor education and health systems. Although I project to see a relatively improved health sector due to the funds injected into the sector to curtail the pandemic, food-water-economy will drastically impact on sustainable development in the region. There is therefore the need to address the issue by adopting a measure that looks at the nexus between food, water, health, and economy. The root problem underlying the inequity in the health, water food and economic sectors, exposed by the pandemic must be addressed, not just to prepare for another pandemic but to care for people in resource-poor settings in non-pandemic times and ensure sustainable development.

scholarly journals The Stigmatization of HIV/AIDS Victims in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Gospel

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
PHILLIPUS J. (FLIP) BUYS
Keyword(s):  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Community Attitudes ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Keywords Hiv ◽  
Shame Culture ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

One of the most challenging issues in dealing with HIV/AIDS in Africa is breaking through the stigmas surrounding the disease and building resilience in communities where large numbers of people are infected with HIV or otherwise affected by the pandemic. This article explores the relationship between shame, fear, guilt, witchcraft, and HIV/AIDS stigmatization by looking at key features of the African traditional worldview and culture. We point out predominant witchcraft beliefs and how they translate to community attitudes towards people living with HIV and AIDS. We highlight the influence of prevailing beliefs in witchcraft and how they aggravate the experience of fear, shame, and stigmatization by people infected with or otherwise affected by HIV. Relevant aspects of the gospel are brought to bear to answer these challenges. KEYWORDS: HIV/AIDS, stigmatization, shame culture, fear culture, witchcraft, ubuntu

scholarly journals The impact of the availability of antiretroviral therapy on personal and community fear of HIV/AIDS, and HIV prevention practices in Rwimi, Uganda: A mixed-method study

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Nicole Naadu Ofosu ◽  
L. Duncan Saunders ◽  
Gian Jhangri ◽  
Afif Alibhai
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hiv Aids

The impact of the widespread availability of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on the human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) related attitudes, behaviours and practices of the general population in Sub-Saharan Africa is understudied. We assessed the impact of ART availability on the fear of HIV/ AIDS (measured at both community and personal levels) and HIV prevention practices in Rwimi, Uganda using a cross-sectional survey. The fear of HIV/AIDS was described as a perceived threat to either self and/or community regarding the risk of contracting the disease, whereby the higher the perception of the threat, the greater the fear. We assessed associations between the outcomes of the dependent variables on both the community and personal fear of HIV/AIDS, and the independent variables of HIV/AIDS-related knowledge and demographics. Qualitative data was also generated from focus group discussions (FGD) on the context of the fear of HIV/AIDS and HIV pre- vention practices. The majority of participants (89.4%; males - 86.8%; females - 90.8%) felt that ART availability has reduced the fear of HIV/AIDS in the community. In contrast, fewer participants (22.4%; males - 24.4%; females – 21.2%) mentioned that their personal fear of HIV/AIDS has been reduced with the availability of ART. From the qualitative study, factors identified as influencing the fear of HIV/AIDS included stigma, fear of infection, and the inconvenience of being on ART. Although fear of HIV/AIDS persists, the fear is reduced because of the availability of life-prolonging ART. HIV prevention practices are influenced by socio-cultural norms (gender roles, relationship dynamics, power and trust), which, we argue, should be considered when de-signing sustainable HIV/AIDS prevention programs.

scholarly journals Community forestry frameworks in sub-Saharan Africa and the impact on sustainable development

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalisa A. Duguma ◽  
Joanes Atela ◽  
Alemayehu N. Ayana ◽  
Dieudonne Alemagi ◽  
Mathew Mpanda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Community Forestry ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact
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